Listening
1 Recording 5 Listen to the radio interview and
complete the sentences below with no more
than three words.
1 The newspaper headlines have been rather
alarming this week.
2 As we all know,
as MRSA have been infecting hospital patients for
a number of years now.
3 Hospital staff and visitors are now in the habit of
with antiseptic gel when entering or leaving wards.
4 An increase in international
tourism is believed to have caused the spread of
highly resistant bacteria.
5 Unlike ,
antibiotics are generally only taken for short
periods of time.
6 Alexander Fleming, the scientist whose
penicillin made him famous, was aware of its
drawbacks.
7 People often insist their doctors give them
antibiotics when they have a cold,
or cough.
8 If you stop taking antibiotics but don’t complete
the full course, you increase the risk of bacteria
becoming .
9 As this is a global problem, governments need to
work with
to find new ways to fight these superbugs. .
2 Recording 5 Listen to the radio interview again
and write true (T) or false (F).
According to Dr Reynolds:
1 Hospital hygiene has been greatly improved
in the NHS. T
2 A new gene called NDM-1 increases the
effectiveness of antibiotics.
3 Very few people now travel abroad for
cheaper medical treatment, such as kidney
transplants or cosmetic surgery.
4 Research into the development of new
antibiotics is not cost-effective for
pharmaceutical companies.
5 Drugs such as antibiotics tend to become
ineffective after a short period of time.
6 Alexander Fleming advised that the use of
antibiotics should be tightly controlled.
7 People wrongly believe that antibiotics are
an effective cure against colds.
8 Our obsession with hygiene at home is
reducing our capacity to fight off bacteria
and making us resistant to antibiotics.
Grammar
3 Find and correct two mistakes in each
sentence.
1 The highest mountain in the South America is the
Aconcagua.
2 They’ll probably have sleeping by now. You
should phoned them tomorrow.
3 They missed last bus home but fortunately they
were able get a taxi.
4 If we were to pay deposit on the house, when
could we to move in?
5 If you’ll get up at five, you’ll be able to see sun
rise over the ocean.
6 Come and have the lunch with us. Mum will have
prepare it by now.
.
4 Choose the correct answer to complete the text,
a), b), c) or d).
There is no longer 1
d ‘right’ age for doing things
– you just 2
to be in reasonably good health.
In the past, 3
people were supposed 4
‘act their age’, which meant that if you were over
twenty-five, you 5
go backpacking around
the world, as people do now. If you 6
, you
were seen as rather eccentric. 7
you were a
teenager forty years ago, you 8
not have
been allowed to watch TV or chat on the phone for
hours, much less 9
with your parents. People
are now living longer, and many of the elderly are
busy taking cruises and logging on to social
networking sites. Who knows what we 10
doing in twenty years’ time? How much more
11 life have changed?
1 a) the b) − c) the d) a
2 a) may b) should c) have d) can
3 a) the b) − c) a d) any
4 a) to be b) to being c) being d) to
5 a) won’t b) can’t c) wouldn’t d) hasn’t
6 a) would b) do c) have d) did
7 a) As b) Since c) If d) Provide
8 a) has b) would c) was d) had
9 a) argue b) argued c) argues d) arguing
10 a) are b) ’ll be c) ’ve been d) ’ll
11 a) will b) is c) will the d) the
.
5 Complete the second sentence with no more
than five words so that it means the same as the
first. Use the word in CAPITALS.
1 The table was large but we finally got it through
the door.
MANAGED
The table was large but we finally managed to get
it through the door.
2 When I was young I often used to play outdoors.
WOULD
When I was young, I
.
3 I shouldn’t have told her.
SUPPOSED
I
her.
4 I can’t drive until I’m 18.
ALLOWED
I
until I’m 18.
5 You can have a party if you clean up afterwards.
PROVIDED
You can have a party
.
6 They won’t be able to travel if they don’t have a
visa.
UNLESS
They won’t be able to travel .
Vocabulary
6 Underline the correct alternative.
1 Try not to worry. Life is full of ups and
drawbacks/downs. It’ll all work out in the end.
2 The film didn’t contain any surprises. It was very
immature/predictable.
3 Once I turned fifty, I started experiencing age
obligation/discrimination at work.
4 He saw/raised a gap in the market and exploited it.
5 The party was absolutely dreadful/crazy. Not only
was the music terrible but no one was there!
6 It’s not easy running/charging your own business
with the economy as it is.
7 Sally was upbeat/dreading having to tell her mum
that she’d failed the exam.
8 What’s the minimum/mortal age if you want to
ride a motorbike in this country?
9 The last time I visited the U.S., my nephew was
just reaching/coming of age.
10 Unfortunately, the celebrity sportsman we had in
mind wasn’t interested in adjusting/endorsing our
new sports drink.
11 I wish he wasn’t so gloomy. He never looks on
the light/bright side of life.
7 Complete the sentences with the words in the
box. There are three extra words you do not
need to use.
_____________________________________
breakdowns breakthroughs criticises
despair immature mature
reject travelling unwilling
`````````````````````````````````````````````````````
1 The thought that he was going to lose his job filled
Daniel with despair as he knew it’d be virtually
impossible to find a new one.
2 One of the greatest medical of the
twentieth century was the development of
a vaccine against polio.
3 If you’re to run the distance, you
shouldn’t enter the race.
4 My boss always everything I do and
I’ve lost my confidence as a result. I feel that
whatever I do, it’s wrong.
5 If 17-year-olds are legally responsible enough to
drive, then why are they considered too
to vote?
6 I was told that alone makes for a real
life experience and it’s so true. .
8 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the word in brackets.
1 Liane has always been great at dealing with
unfamiliar (family) situations and seems to enjoy
the challenges they create.
2 With all due respect, your ideas on how to manage
staffing costs are completely (logic)
and make no sense at all.
3 I think you might have (interpret)
what I meant when I said I wanted more freedom.
I was talking about work and my desire to set up
my own business.
4 I’m ever so sorry but this plan is completely
(real). Although it may look feasible on paper, in
reality it’s never going to work.
5 The creation of the internet has
(able) people to have access to a huge amount of
information from all around the world.
6 The invention of electricity
(revolution) people’s lives and has since
developed into
a necessity for those people who have it.
.
Function
9 Underline the correct answer, a), b) or c).
1 b he needs to look for a job.
a) Shouldn’t b) Surely c) Doesn’t
2 I think we should go brighter colour walls
this time. What do you think?
a) at b) for c) to
3 He can’t decide whether or not to take the
promotion. He’s torn his family and his
career.
a) between b) from c) of
4 Would you taking my mother on holiday
with us this year?
a) accept b) consider c) agree
5 we do more to help underprivileged
children in our own society?
a) Don’t b) Shouldn’t c) Unless
6 you see that he’ll never change?
a) Don’t b) Isn’t c) If.
10 Complete the conversation with words and
phrases a)–k) below.
A: How does the idea of retiring 1
b you?
B: Retiring? But I’m only fifty-five!
A: Yes, but don’t you 2
should take it easier?
I think you work too hard.
B: So, what you’re 3
that I should stop
working for the company!
A: I think we’re on the 4
here. To be 5
,
I’m only trying to helpful as you have had
problems with work this year, haven’t you?
B: No! In fact, I have 6
that I think I’m doing
my job better than ever.
A: With respect, I’m afraid I 7
as sales have
been falling steadily for the last year.
B: So, 8
you think it’s all my fault?
A: Well, 9
, as the acting marketing manager,
to a large degree, yes.
B: So in 10 , you think I should resign?
A: Well, I certainly think it 11 better if you
seriously considered early retirement.
a) disagree g) would be
b) strike h) saying is
c) honest i) to say
d) other words j) wrong track
e) agree you k) actually
f) basically.
Reading
11 Read the article. Underline true (T) or false
(F) on page 4.
Brain change
Do you frequently interrupt what you’re doing to
check your emails or text messages? Or find it
difficult to concentrate on reading a long newspaper
article, or a book? Do your children complain
because you’re too busy writing tweets or checking
social media to play with them? It’s likely that most
people nowadays would answer ‘yes’ to at least one
of these questions.
We are only a decade or so into the internet
revolution but scientists are already engaged in
a lively debate about the effect it is having on our
brains. They say that multi-tasking is changing how
we think and behave, and that our ability to focus on
what we are doing is being damaged by frequent
short bursts of information. According to recent
research, these ‘bursts’ play to a primitive impulse
in us to pay attention to new information. In the
past, this would probably have meant danger
nearby: a lion or some other kind of enemy. The
equivalent nowadays is the ping of a new message
or email, provoking a feeling of excitement that can
become very addictive. Without it, people feel
bored.
While many people think that multi-tasking makes
them more productive, this has been shown to be
false. Researchers say that heavy multi-taskers have
more trouble concentrating and find it difficult to
ignore irrelevant information. They also experience
more stress. On the other hand, the use of
technology can also benefit the brain in some ways.
Web surfers are said to be better at finding
information, while some videogames give users
better visual coordination.
Generally speaking, no one would deny that mobile
phones and computers have transformed life as we
knew it. People have more freedom to work
anywhere. The world has shrunk and computers can
deal with boring daily tasks, giving us more free
time to enjoy life. Nevertheless, we should also be
aware of the dangers of these recent discoveries.
The time may soon come when we will cherish our
ability to be able to ‘think for ourselves’, of
switching off the computer and reading a good
book, of being human: in other words, of paying
more attention to the people around us.
According to the text:
1 People can’t read well nowadays. T/F
2 Parents sometimes pay more attention to
their mobile phones than to their children. T/F
3 Scientists have been researching into the
effects of the internet. T/F
4 Exposure to lots of short texts makes it
easier to concentrate on one thing. T/F
5 People often feel bored when they
receive new texts or emails. T/F
6 People who do more than one task at
a time work less effectively. T/F
7 People who do a lot of multi-tasking are
usually more stressed. T/F
8 The use of technology can be very good
for the brain. T/F
9 The arrival of computers and mobile
technology has had little impact on
our lives. T/F
10 People have less free time now. T/F
11 The writer thinks that interaction with
other people is less important than
making new discoveries. T/F.
12 Read the text again and underline the correct
answer, a), b) or c).
1 These days many people c .
a) don’t even read short newspaper articles
b) play with their children on social media
c) are unable to concentrate for long
2 Scientists believe that is changing our
brains.
a) our ability to multi-task
b) social media
c) how we now view danger
3 Research has shown that people are more likely to
become .
a) bored with messaging after a short time
b) addicted to modern means of communication
c) productive if they multi-task
4 People who frequently multi-task .
a) may be prone to higher levels of stress
b) find it easier to dismiss useless data
c) are better able to focus on tasks
5 It has been found that some videogames .
a) reduce levels of stress in individuals
b) aid eye to hand movement
c) improve people’s ability to find information on
the internet
6 In the future, we might .
a) miss doing repetitive and boring tasks
b) wish we had more free time
c) miss having real human contact.
Writing
13 Underline the correct alternative.
Hi Wendy,
I’ve just heard that Etherwood is playing at the
Okehart Festival in July! 1How about coming over
to/I’d be most grateful if you visit me so we can see
them together? Tickets have just gone on sale so I’ll
get some as soon as you 2 let me know if you’re
coming/accept my invitation. Check out the festival
website and tell me if you can make it or not.
A few friends from college live near Okehart so 3
the best idea/my preference would be to stay at
theirs. I’ll get in touch with them and 4 let you know/
inform you if that’d work. They may want to come
with us to the festival. Is there anything else you’d
like to do when you visit? 5
I would be interested
to/I’d be so happy if you could stay a few days. I
really hope you make it. 6
I am looking forward to
hearing/Can’t wait to hear back from you!
Lorraine.
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