Match the notions with their definitions: Phonology Morphology Syntax Semantics Pragmatics.
It is the study of how the sounds are organized and used in natural languages. It analyzes the sound patterns of a particular language by determining which phonetic sounds are significant, and explaining how these sounds are interpreted by the native speaker. Phonology Phonetics Phonological system.
It is the basis upon which phonology is developed. It analyzes the production of all human speech sounds, irrespective of the language. Phonology Phonetics Phonological system.
It is the knowledge of how to produce sounds to form meaningful utterances, knowing which sounds belong to a particular language or recognizing a foreign accent. Phonology Phonological knowledge Phonological system.
What is Phonetics? The study of sound patterns of a particular language according to its native speakers. The study of the production of human speech sounds taking into account every language variety. The study of the production of human speech sounds, irrespective of the language.
The basis upon which phonology is developed. It analyzes the production of all human speech sounds, irrespective of the language.
The study of how the sounds are organized and used in natural languages. It analyzes the sound patterns of a particular language by determining which phonetic sounds are significant, and explaining how these sounds are interpreted by the native speaker.
An inventory of sounds and their features and the rules that specify how these sounds interact with each other.
The knowledge of how to produce sounds to form meaningful utterances, knowing which sounds belong to a particular language or recognizing a foreign accent.
The smallest independent units of a language. They have an internal structure and are built up by even smaller pieces (at least one).
The smallest meaning-bearing units of language (they make up words).
The study of the structure of sentences. The ability to put words together to form phrases that express meaning following certain structural rules.
The innate knowledge on how to create grammatically correct sentences.
The study of meaning as an element of language and how it is constructed by language as well as interpreted, obscured and negotiated by language users.
It has a highly theoretical research perspective, it looks at meaning in language in isolation.
It is essential to describe the linguistic competence of our students and it is responsible for their capacity to combine words to produce meaningful phrases and sentences.
The study of the ways in which context contributes to meaning. It moves beyond the literal meaning of an utterance and considers how meaning is constructed while focusing on implied meanings.
It is a practical subject and focuses on meaning in language in use.
Language is regarded as an instrument of interaction: it is concerned with the negotiations of meaning between language users, the context of the utterances and the potential meaning of those utterances.
It is important for EFL students as it sheds light on interaction processes and will allow them to construct and interpret layers of meaning beyond what is literally suggested.
Match the types of grammar with their definitions: Prescriptive grammar Descriptive grammar Mental grammar.
Match the arguments for putting grammar in the foreground in second language teaching with their definitions: The sentence-machine argument The fine-tuning argument The fossilization argument The advance-organizer argument The discrete item argument.
Students' attention is deliberately drawn to the target structure that we want them to learn. It could be beneficial for those students who enjoy learning about grammar. It is likely to help students monitor their own output. Implicit grammar teaching Explicit grammar teaching.
Target structures are embedded in the proposed activities. Grammar instruction is contextualized within a communicative practice. Implicit grammar teaching Explicit grammar teaching.
It starts by providing a rule and then moves on to applying it in order to generate correct examples of that target structure. Deductive grammar teaching Inductive grammar teaching.
Students are exposed to a number of examples of the target structure (preferable within a clearly defined context), and then their attention is drawn to the structure (often through questions and answers). Students are asked to apply that structure and to formulate some more rules. Deductive grammar teaching Inductive grammar teaching.
Match the times of grammar teaching with their advantages and disadvantages: Deductive grammar teaching Inductive grammar teaching.
Match the terms with their definitions: Notions Functions Functional syllabus Grammatical syllabus Functional grammar.
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