The fresco usually represented Religious subjects. Portraits of kings Landscapes and nature.
One of the main painting techniqes used in the Middle Ages was Fresco Abstract Realism.
Select the correct answers about the frescoes Usually represented religious subjects. It was very hard work painting. It required exceptional artistic technique Frescoes never were painted on church and cathedral walls and vaults.
Where the frescoes were painted On church and cathedral walls and vaults in paintings and canvases.
In the Fresco painting technique (choose the false) The wall was covered with a layer of sand and limestone Silhouettes of the figures were drawn on the wall. The outlines were created with a piece of charcoal Never represented religious subjets.
One of the main painting technique was called "Fresco" Because the colour was added using pigments diluted in water while the wall still wet. Because the most important medieval artist name was "The Fresco" Because in the cathedrals always it was cold.
How the colour was added in the Frescoes Using pigments diluted in water while the wall still wet so the colours permeated the wall. Using pigments diluted in water while the wall still warm so the colours permeated the wall. Using pigments diluted in water while the wall still dry so the colours permeated the wall.
How the Silhouettes of the figures were drawn on the wall in the frescoes. This was done with pens and carbon. This was done by rubbing ochre pigment on paper that had tiny holes in it. This was done by rubbing gold pigment on paper.
In the frescoes the outlines were created with A piece of charcoal A black pencil A ochre pigment.
In the frescoes the wall was covered Only with sand. With a layer of sand and limestone. Only with limestone.
One of the steps in the fresco painting techniques was To apply a mixture of marble dust, limestone and water to the wall. To dry the wall with paper.
How the colour was added to the frescoes Using pigments diluted in water Using a piece of charcoal Using sand and limestone.
When did the Romanesque and Gothic styles appear in Europe? Between the end of 10th century and the 15 century. In the 15 century During the beginning of 13th .
The Romanesque style art appeared in France and Italy Spain and Germany Only in France.
The Gothic style began in Italy France Spain.
In previos centuries to the 10 artistic styles had often been characteristic of a particular region. Asturian art was created in the Kingdom of Asturias, while Carolingian art developed in Frankish territories. In contrast, Romanesque and Gothic were both: Particular styles of a region. International styles. Local Styles of France and Italy.
Choose the correct answer The Romanesque style first appeared in France and Germany. The Romanesque art and Gothic art were strongly influenced by the Christian Church. The Romanesque art and Gothic art were strongly influenced by Romans.
The Gothic style First appeared in France and Italy, and became and international style in the 11th and 12th centuries. Began in France and spread widely from the second half of the 12th century onwards.
About the Medieval Art, for the first time since the end of the Roman Empire, a single artistic style was found throughout Catholic Europe, although there were important regional differences. True False.
Where did the Romanesque and Gothic style originate? The Romanesque appeared in France and Italy, and became and international style in the 11 th and 12th centuries. The Gothic style began in France and spread widely from the second half of the 12th century onwards. The Romanesque appeared only in Italy, and became and international style in the 11 th and 12th centuries. The Gothic style began in France and spread widely from the second half of the 12th century onwards.
Why do we say that Romanesque and Gothic were "international styles"? Because in previous centuries, artistic styles had often been characteristic of a particular region and both were found like single artistic style throughout Catholic Europe, although there were important regional differences. Because the creative artist come from all Europe, China and other countries.
Romanesque art and Gothic art are the same in terms of architecture, sculpture and decoration? No, they were different.But both styles were strongly influenced by the Christian Church. Yes, they were two artistic styles very similar and you can confuse them easily.
What Romanesque art and Gothic art have in common? Choose the correct answers. Both styles were strongly influenced by the Christian Church. Both styles are international styles. Both styles spread throughout Europe between the end of 10th century and the 15 century. Both styles are from a particular region.
Why represent the sacred texts in the form of reliefs and mural paintings on church walls? (Choose the false) Because in the Middle Ages, most believers could not read or write and they did not have direct knowledge of sacred texts. Because the Churches must be decorated. Because religion was an important part of all medieval art and the main purpose of artworks was to bring Christians closer to God.
The main purpose of artworks was To bring Christians closer to God. To decorate the cathedrals. To help painters express themselves.
Religion also influenced architecture. From the 11th century, many cathedrals, churches and monasteries were built in the cities, villages and countryside of Europe. True False.
Match each style with its CHARACTERISTICS Romanesque Gothic.
Where were Romanesque works of art usually found? in rural areas, where the order owned land and the monks could lead a monastic lifestyle. in urban areas.
Where were Gothic works of art usually found? In the cities. Usually located in rural areas where the order owned land and the monks could lead a monastic lifestyle.
Why were Benedictine monasteries built in isolated areas? To exhibit and give prestige to rural areas. These were usually located in rural areas where they owned land and the monks could lead a monastic lifestyle.
Mark the characteristics of romanesque Had the influence of the Benedictine Order of Cluny. Built monasteries throughout Europe. Usually located in rural areas. Was a characteristic of many of churches found along PILGRIMAGE ROUTES, especially to Rome and Santiago de Compostela. Appeared in France and Italy and became international style in the 11th adn 12th centuries Developed in the 12th century when cities were expanding, and it had a strongly urban character. The wealth and prestige of a city and its leading inhabitants were exhibited through buliding works in that impressive style.
Which style was used more in non-religious buildings? Gothic because by this spectacular style display the wealth and prestige of the cities and their leading inhabitants. Romanesque.
Who was the name of the sculptor who built the Portico of Glory in the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela Leonardo da Vinci Nicholas of Verdun Master Mateo.
Choose the false about the medieval artist Most medieval works of art are anonymous. The people who made the medieval art were considered artisans and not creative artists. Works of art were often done by just a person, not by a group of people. One person take all the credit in the medieval art. Nicholas of Verdun was a exception in the medieval art because he signed his work with a Latin version of his name.
Wich style was used in new buildings included city halls, covered markets, houses for wealthy merchants, universities, and especially in cathedrals. Gothic Romanesque.
The people who made the medieval works of art were considered artisans creative artists.
Wich were the main Romanesque buildings? Churches, cathedrals and monasteries. Sculptures, Capitals and Portals. Universities, houses for wealthy merchants and covered markets.
What is the name of the Roman techniques for to reduce the weight of the stone roofs? Barrel vault and dome. The apse and ambulatory. Towers and naves.
In the Romanesque arquitecture The roofs rested on round arches, and thick columns and pillars. All the features gave a very solid compact appearance. They received very little natural light inside. Many civil buildings were built including covered markets, city halls and palaces.
ROMANESQUE AND GOTHIC ARQUITECTURE ROMANESQUE GOTHIC.
In the Romanesque churches the altar was situated The naves ended in an APSE where the ALTAR was situated. The altar was situated in the short arm of a LATIN CROSS. Due to the little light that the churches had, the altar was in the AMBULATORY, a passageway for pilgrims could pass behind the high altar.
The short arm of the Romanesque churches in form of a Latin cross was called Transept Ambulatory Apse.
The Ambulatory In churches built along pilgrimage routes, a passageway around the apse was made for pilgrims could pass behind the high altar. Is a floor in the churches for to help the pilgrims and to give them food.
The roofs in the Romanesque style of architecture Rested on round arches, and thick columns and pillars. Were mede of wood.
At first, the buildings were made of stone but with flat, wooden roofs. However, fires occurred frequently so architects began to use an unique material for the roofs as well. The material was Stone Iron Gold.
The architects of ROMANESQUE arquitecture needed to adapt their techniques so that they could build large buildings with heavy stone roofs. In order to reduce the weight of the roofs what techniques they used They revived Roman techniques, such BARREL VAULT and DOME. They revived Techniques such Mario Brothers.
In ROMANESQUE the roofs rested on ROUND ARCHES, and THICK COLUMNS and PILLARS. Howeever, it was necessary to make the buildings even stronger. What the arquitects used? Very thick walls, reinforced the walls with BUTTRESSES, and reduced the number and size of windows. The use of the POINTED ARCH and RIBBED VAULT.
Wich style buildings are very SOLID and have a COMPACT APPEARANCE receiving very LITTLE NATURAL LIGHT INSIDE. Romanesque Gothic.
The plan of Saint-Sernin in TOULOUSE, like Romanesque churches were in the form of Lating cross. Oval. Square.
What symbolised the form of the Romanesque churches were designed The heaven The cross of Jesus The Roman buildings.
Match styles Romanesque Gothic.
Match the definition Buttres The barrel vault Apse Transept.
What material is the church made of? Stone wood iron.
The long arm of the Latin cross was made up of one or more naves separated by round arches buttress.
To make the buildings even stronger. The architects used very thick stone walls, reinforced the walls with....?.
Witch style is this cathedral? Romanesque Gothic.
Witch style is this cathedral? Romanesque Gothic.
Why do you think the historians chose the name Romanesque? Because the architects needed to adapt their techniques so that they could build large bulidings with heavy stone roofs and this is whay they revived ROMAN TECHNIQUES, such as the BARREL VAULT and DOME, in order to reduce the weight of the roods. Because Romanesque is a nice name. .
What type of vault is there above the central nave Barrel vault Round arches Buttresses.
Romanesque sculptures were used As a teaching tool represented religios figures because most people were illiterate so they could not read the bible. As protrait of the kings.
Romanesque sculpture had three of the following characteristics Architecture: Sculptures were added to buildings that were being built or already existed. They were ADAPTED TO FIT THE SPACE AVAILABLE. Human representation: Figures were RIGID and UNREALISTIC. They were not done i proportion. The most important person in scene was larger than the others. Colour: Romanesque sculptures were POLYCHROME, and they were painted in many bright colours. The figures: Were sculpted with curved lines to give them movemente and make them more realistic.
Most Romanesque sculptures were Reliefs. This means that they were sculpted into different parts of the buildings. Sculpted with curved lines to give them movement and make them more realistic. Sculpted with clothes, attitudes and gestures were all represented in more detail.
Gothic sculpture (Choose the false) Was less severe and rigid than Romanesque sculpture. Figures were sculpted with curved lines to give them movement and make them more realistic. continued to adapt to the architecture of buildings, for example, through reliefs on the facades of cathedrals. Figures were rigid and unrealistic. They were not done in proportion.
In the Romanesque sculpture the Portals are church entrances, usually formed by a series of round arches. Just above the door was the Apset Tympanum, where Jesus and other important figures were depicted. Frescoes.
Most romanesque sculptures were reliefs. This means that they were sculpted into different parts of the buildings Capitals Portals.
The free-standing sculptures of the Romanesque They were not attached to a building. These sculptures were wooden and represented Christ on the Cross or the Virgin and Child. Were sculpted with curves lines to give them movement with attitutdes and gestures were all represented in more detail.
Match the characteristics Romanesque sculpture Gothic sculpture.
Other types of sculptures, carved in stone marble and wood, spread widely Funeral sculpture Altarpieces Non-religious subjects.
The main characteristics of GOTHIC PAINTING were Three REALISM and MOVEMENT. Figures were more expressive an dynamic than in Romanesque art. COLOUR. Bright colours were used, and gold was widely used. BACKGROUND LANDSCAPES. These made Gothic paintings much more complete works of art. FIGURES were RIGID and SCHEMATIC. Some of them were painted much larger than the others to show their importance.
ROMANESQUE CHARACTERISTICS ARE THREE: REALISM and MOVEMENT. Figures were more expressive an dynamic. RELIGIOUS SUBJETCS. Popular motifs were CHRIST IN MAJESTY (sitting on a throne) and the VIRGIN AND CHILD. while saints and scenes from Bible were also depicted. However, artist sometimes added imaginary monsters, animals ans plants motifs. HUMAN REPRESENTATION. Figures were RIGID and SCHEMATIC: some of them were painted much larger than others to show their importance. The figures had black outlines, with highlighted their eyes and hands. There were NO BACKGROUND LANDSCAPE. COLOUR. Bright colour made paintings more expressive. It also made them MORE VISIBLE in DARK INTERIOR SPACES. spaces.
Types of paintings Romanesque Gothic.
MARK THE TRUE Like Romanesque sculptures, Romanesque paintings were used to teach religious subjects, and were ADAPTED TO THE SPACE AVAILABLE in building. Many important paintings were painted inside churches and cathedrals, where they were protected against bad weather. Romanesque churches and cathedrals had reduced wall space because they had such large windows. Consequently there were FEWER MURALS in many regions, although a tradition of mural painting was maintained in Italy and Spain.
What type of painting decreased in the Gothic period? Murals. Because the cathedrals and churches had reduced wall space because they had such large windows. Stained glass windows. Religious subjects were represented in these windows, wich were an outstanding innovation of Gothic cathedrals.
Gothic arquitecture had a religiouse purpose, but it was also used to demonstrate the power and wealth of the cities. but it was also used to defend the city.
Gothic cathedrals were built using new techniques that made them very different from Romanesque cathedrals: DISTRIBUTION OF WEIGHT. The use of the POINTED ARCH and the RIBBER VAULT meant that the main weight of the cathedral rested on the pillars within the building, and not on its outside walls. FLYING BUTTRESSES on the outside of the building further strengthened the pillars. As a result, cathedrals could be made MUCH TALLER than before. Gothic cathedrals were SMALL and WITHOUT LIGHT. THEY WERE NOT CONSIDERED TO REPRESENT HEAVEN. ILLUMINATION. Thanks to the new distribution of weight Gothic cathedrals did not need such thick walls, and could have LARGER WINDOWS. Natural light, filtered by STAINED GLASS WINDOWS, illuminated the interior. FLOOR PLAN. Like Romanesque cathedrals, Gothic cahtedrals were built on a LATIN CROSS PLAN. However, they had a POLYGONAL rather than semicircular APSE. The CENTRAL NAVE was built MUCH WIDER and HIGHER than the side aisles. .
Gothic cathedrals They were considered to represent HEAVEN They were considered to represent hell. They were considered to represent Purgatory.
The ROSE WINDOWS and STAINED GLASS WINDOWS allowed Light to enter. Distribute weight.
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