ALH

The volume percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere at 30.000 feet remain at 21% but the partial pressure of oxygen: Decreases with decreasing barometric pressure. Remain constant, independent from altitude. Increases by expansion. Decreases significantly with lower temperatures.

If altitude is increased and volume doubles (assume no temperature change), what will happen to the pressure and which law describes this process?. The pressure is reduced to half of its original value (Boyle´s law). The pressure is reduced to half of its original value (Henry´s law). The pressure is doubled (Dalton´s law). The pressure remains constant (general gas law).

The temperature lapse rate: Within the stratosphere is -2,8ºC per 1.000 ft. Within the mesosphere is -2ºF per 1.000 ft. Within the troposphere is -2ºF per 1.000 ft. Within the troposphere is -1,98ºC per 1.000 ft.

Healthy people are usually capable to compensate for a lack of oxygen up to: 15.000 ft. 10.000 ft. 20.000 feet. 25.000 feet.

5. Autokinesis is: The automatic adjustment of the crystalline lens to objects situated at different distances. The phenomenon of spinning lights after the abuse of alcohol. The phenomenon of spinning lights after the abuse of alcohol. The apparent movement of a static single light when stared at for a relatively long period of time in the dark.

6. Name three very dangerous types of illusion for pilots: Spatial disorientation, leads, leans. Coriollis illusion, graveyard spiral, spatial disorientation. Black-Hole effect, Coriollis Illusion, graveyard spiral. Hypoxia, Coriollis illusion, graveyard spiral.

7. Which of the following statements concerning barotrauma is correct? They are: Due to pressure differentials between gases in hollow cavities of the body and the ambient pressure. More likely to occur during ascent than during a rapid descent. Caused by an increase in the partial pressure of oxygen associated with a decrease in altitude. Mainly associated with a sink rate, which exceeds the ability of the body to balance its internal pressures.

8. Below are four statements about rods and cones. Which one is true?. Cones give the best visual acuity. Rods are sensitive to colour and small details. Rods are concentrated around the outer edges of the fovea. Cones are effective in both daylight and darkness.

9. The symptoms of hypoxia include: Visual disturbances, lack of concentration, euphoria. Nausea and barotitis. Dull headache and bends. Dizziness, hypothermia.

10. Spatial disorientation will be most likely to occur during flight: When flying in and out of clouds and the pilot maintains good instrument cross check. If the brain receives conflicting information and the pilot does not believe the instruments. When flying in light rain below the ceiling. When flying in bright sunlight above a cloud layer.

11. The confirmation bias of the decision making: A tendency to ignore that information which indicates that hypothesis or decision is poor. A tendency not to seek for information which confirms a judgment. A tendency not to look for information which reassure oneself about a decision. A tendency to agree with the decision made by the group.

12. Which of the scenarios below most clearly describes a situation of one or both pilots being in state of reduced vigilance?. Just after take-off, the pilot flying omits to give the gear up command, the pilot monitoring call out, and then he/she selects the gear up. In heavy turbulence, both pilots are engaged in maintain flight parameters, and cockpit communications are reduced. Cockpit communications are brief and concise during the cruise on a long-haul flight with good visibility and NO turbulence. During the cruise, the pilot monitoring stays silent for several minutes, staring at the instrumental panel without moving.

13. Which of the following is NOT a hazardous attitude?. Impulsivity. Domination. Anti-authority. Macho.

14. What are the signs of excessive stress?. Skip points on checklists. Inappropriate actions. Difficulty reasoning and poor coordination. All above are correct.

15. Among the factors that affect fatigue, which of the following is NOT a cause?. Rushed start of activity, without respecting the accommodation to the circadian rhythm. Cockpit altitude. Fly according to operational procedures. Flight at unusual times.

16. Group cohesion is a basic premise for teamwork. The basic aspects to take into account when working effectively in a group are: Distrust, spontaneous communication and mutual support. Mutual confidence, spontaneous communication and mutual support. Mutual confidence, spontaneous communication and individual work. Mutual confidence, lack of communication and individual work.

17. Which of the following qualities are of a good Leader?. Seek the opinion of others, welcome the contributions of others, and lead others to share responsibilities. Does not seek the opinion of others, welcome the contributions of others, and lead others to share responsibilities. Seek the opinion of others, does not allow the contributions of others, and lead others to share responsibilities. Seek the opinion of others, welcome the contributions of others, and does not share the responsibilities.

18. The use of the appropriate level of automation, is one in which the pilot feels comfortable with the task to be performed and with the pre-established conditions, depends on three factors: Task to be performed, phase of the day and time available. Crew, phase of the day and time available. Task to be performed, phase of flight and fuel. Task to be performed, phase of flight and time available.

19. Vigilance and monitoring of automation. Knowing the dangers associated with automation helps create prevention measures. Some of these measures are listed below: Monitor flight parameters as if the aircraft were being flown manually. Prioritize workload and divide attention, mainly in critical situations or during emergencies. Avoid distractions in the phases with the greatest workload, applying the “sterile cabin” technique. All above are correct.

20. Loss of situational awareness can occur at any time, however there are some situations in which crews are more vulnerable, which of the following is NOT a cause?. High level of workload and personal concerns. Manage and distribute the workload in the crew. Bad weather conditions, night flight or instrument flight. Poor communication.

The percentage of oxygen in the air of the atmosphere is: a. 10,5%. b. 21%. C. 5%. d. 42%.

The physiological problems due to the ascent in the atmosphere are due to: a. The acceleration of gravity. O b. The increase of atmospheric pressure. c. The disorientation. d. The decrease in atmospheric pressure.

Hypoxia afects more: Nigth vision. Peripheric vision. All are correct. Retinal photoreceptors.

The importance of protecting oneself from noise is due to (mark the most correct): It is not advisable to protect yourself to detect motor failures. It is the main cause of hearing loss after long exposure to noise. Not necessary because hearing loss is always temporary. Causes headache.

The classification of errors based on information processing and familiarity/novelty is attributable to: Ramunssen. Rogers. Darwin. . Reason.

Which of the following terms is defined by the bibliography as systems capable of complex executions that accentuate with automatic choices of alternatives within reordered programs?. . Performance. Execution. Operatibility. Security.

The total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture. This is: Seleccione una: . Boyle Mariotte's law. Dalton's law. Graham's law. Henry's law.

THE CONFIRMATION BIAS OF THE DECISION MAKING: A tendency to ignore that information which indicates that hypothesis or decision is poor. A tendency to agree with the decision made by the group. A tendency not to look for information which reassure oneself about a decision. A tendency not to seek for information which confirms a judgment.

WHICH OF THE SCENARIOS BELOW MOST CLEARLY DESCRIBES A SITUATION OF ONE OR BOTH PILOTS BEING IN STATE OF REDUCED VIGILANCE?. Just after take-off, the pilot flying omits to give the gear up command, the pilot monitoring call out, and then he/she selects the gear up. During the cruise, the pilot monitoring stays silent for several minutes, staring at the instrumental panel without moving. Cockpit communications are brief and concise during the cruise on a long-haul flight with good visibility and NO turbulence. In heavy turbulence, both pilots are engaged in maintain flight parameters, and cockpit communications are redu.

The use of the appropriate level of automation, is one in which the pilot feels comfortable with the task to be performed ansd with the pre-established conditions, depends on three factors. Task to be performed, phase of the day and time available. Task to be performed, phase of flight and fuel. crew, phase of the day and time available. task to be performed phase of flight and time available.

Among the factors that affect fatigue, wich of the following is not a cause. Cockpit altitude. Fly according to operational procedures. Rushed start of activity, without respecting the accommodation to the circadian rhythm. Flight at unusual times.

20. Loss of situational awareness can occur at any time, however there are some situations in which crews are more vulnerable, which of the following is NOT a cause?. High level of workload and personal concerns. Manage and distribute the workload in the crew. Bad weather conditions, night flight or instrument flight. Poor communication.

10. Spatial disorientation will be most likely to occur during flight: When flying in and out of clouds and the pilot maintains good instrument cross check. If the brain receives conflicting information and the pilot does not believe the instruments. When flying in light rain below the ceiling. When flying in bright sunlight above a cloud layer.

. Which of the following statements concerning barotrauma is correct? They are: Due to pressure differentials between gases in hollow cavities of the body and the ambient pressure. More likely to occur during ascent than during a rapid descent. Caused by an increase in the partial pressure of oxygen associated with a decrease in altitude. Mainly associated with a sink rate, which exceeds the ability of the body to balance its internal pressures.