ACTION RESEARCH

¿UNIT 1 - TOPIC 2 – SUBTOPIC 4 QUESTION 1. Scenario 1: The Interdisciplinary Action Research Teacher, A university professor who teaches action research, is designing their curriculum, keeping in mind the multifaceted role they play in professional training. Question 1: According to Cochran (2005), the performance of action research teachers in professional training is based on:? a.Strict adherence to traditional pedagogical strategies and content delivery. Strict adherence to traditional pedagogical strategies and content delivery. Maintaining a clear separation between theoretical knowledge and practical application. Interdisciplinarity and the articulation of various pedagogical strategies, investigative practice, complex thinking, and evaluation. Isolating investigative practice from other aspects of the teaching-learning process.

¿Question 9: Outcome of Action Research Scenario: Mr. Singh tells his class that action research leads to specific outcomes. What is the ultimate goal of the action research process?. Creating new solutions through action. Collecting data for analysis. Publishing academic papers. Reflecting without action.

¿Question 4: How to Make Action Research What is a recommended approach if researchers cannot observe participants in their natural environment due to entirely new issues, according to Burgess (2002)?. Abandon the study since observation is impossible. Use alternative methods like observing and testing users to analyze results strategically. Collect data from secondary sources instead of primary ones. Rely only on interviews conducted in a controlled lab setting.

¿Question 8: Ethnography Scenario: Mr. Singh wants to study how students use English in their daily lives outside the classroom to understand social practices. Which method is best?. Experimental. Case Study. Ethnography. Direct Observation.

¿Question 3: Investment Required What is a key requirement for conducting field research, as noted by Grajales (2000)?. It requires a certain budget level or financial support. It can only be done with free tools and no funding. It needs advanced laboratory equipment to analyze data. It depends entirely on volunteer participants with no cost involved.

¿Question 2: Arteaga (2009) suggests that a methodology based on action research processes is appropriate because it seeks to combine?. Primarily theoretical knowledge with abstract philosophical concepts. Pre-determined outcomes with rigid methodological frameworks. Knowledge, skills, and attitudes in real situations through inquiry. Solely practical skills with standardized operational procedures.

¿TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 1 CONTENTS FROM THE SLIDES. Question 1: Introduction to Action Research A student teacher, Maria, is preparing her first action research project in a local school. She wants to balance creativity with a structured approach. Based on the introduction to action research, what best describes the nature of this task?. It requires strict adherence to rules with no room for creativity. It involves a balance between systematic methods and the researcher’s originality. It avoids interaction with participants to maintain objectivity. It focuses only on spontaneous actions without planning.

Outcome of Action Research Scenario: Mr. Singh tells his class that action research leads to specific outcomes. What is the ultimate goal of the action research process?. Reflecting without action. Publishing academic papers. Creating new solutions through action. Collecting data for analysis.

Historical and Philosophical Foundations Scenario:A student, Ahmed, is researching the origins of action research for a presentation. He wants to connect it to a historical movement. Which movement influenced action research by applying the scientific method to education in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?. The Teacher-Researcher Movement. The Science in Education Movement. The Group Dynamics Movement. The Experimentalist and Progressive Educational Work.

Action Research and the Educational System, The class is discussing how action research can contribute to the improvement of the broader educational system, Question 1: According to Arteaga (2009), the teaching-learning process of action research contributes to:?. Isolating the university from the practical realities of the professional world. Maintaining the status quo of the existing educational system. The training of competent professionals, which in turn enhances the educational system. A purely theoretical understanding of educational challenges without practical solutions.

Theoretical vs. Practical Components, The students are discussing the different aspects involved in learning and conducting action research. The text indicates that the theoretical and practical components of teaching action research are:?. Features that are often not wholly linked and depend on various factors. Always fully integrated and mutually reinforcing in all learning contexts. Sequentially taught, with theory always preceding practical application. Primarily determined by the availability of technological resources for research.

What aspect of action research did Lewin emphasize in his work? a.Emphasis on quantitative data. Individual achievements. Development of personal teaching styles. Focus on group dynamics and social change. Emphasis on quantitative data.

Evolution Over Time Scenario: A student, Juan, asks how action research transformed universities. What role did it play in the past two centuries? a.Separated research from education. Limited economic innovation. Established research universities. Reduced focus on scientific knowledge. Separated research from education.

Why is action research considered practical and relevant? a.Because it focuses solely on administrative policies. Because teachers have direct access to research findings to inform their practice. Because it produces abstract theories disconnected from practice. Because it involves only data collection without application. Because it focuses solely on administrative policies.

Proposal Model Scenario: A teacher, Ms. Rivera, notices her students struggle with vocabulary retention. She wants to diagnose this issue and suggest a new teaching strategy. Which action research model should she use?. Proposal. Descriptive. Evaluative. Causal.

Analytics Model Scenario:Ms. Lee wants to deeply examine the learning styles and preferences of her English students to improve her lessons. Which model should she use?. Proposal. Correlational. Comparative. Analytics.

Proposal Model Scenario,A teacher, Ms. Rivera, notices her students struggle with vocabulary retention. She wants to diagnose this issue and suggest a new teaching strategy. Which action research model should she use?. Evaluative. Proposal. Descriptive. Causal.

Cyclical Process in Action Research Scenario Ms. Diaz is frustrated because her action research on student participation isn’t yielding results. A colleague suggests following a cyclical process. What does this typically involve?. Comparing data without analyzing it. A one-time data collection with no follow-up. A linear process ending with a final report. Alternating between action and reflection to refine methods.

Pre-Experimental Process Scenario: Ms. Torres, a teacher, wants to test a new vocabulary game with her students but cannot control external factors like their prior knowledge. Which action research method should she use?. Case Study. Experimental. Pre-Experimental. Quasi-Experimental.

Characteristics of Action Research What is one reason action research is considered compelling, according to Grajales (2000)?. It shows what people actually do, rather than what they say they do. It is conducted entirely in a controlled laboratory setting. It requires no financial investment or planning. It allows researchers to collect data quickly with minimal effort.

Lewin’s Focus Scenario: Ms. Chen researches Kurt Lewin’s work for a paper. What social issue deeply influenced Lewin’s development of action research? a. Economic inequality. Educational reform. Technological innovation. Economic inequality. Racial discrimination and social justice.

What challenge has arisen due to the increasing complexity of research questions in action research?. Researchers may abandon action research methodologies. Research becomes less necessary. New forms of knowledge production are required. There is a need for more funding.

Starting Point of Action Research Scenario: Mr. Kim, a teacher, wants to start an action research project to address low participation in his English lessons. What is the first step he should take, based on the action research cycle?. Reflecting on past lessons without collecting new data. Planning by identifying the issue and organizing his approach. Acting by trialling new strategies immediately. Observing and analyzing student behavior without a plan.

Documentary Model Scenario: A student teacher, Juan, aims to gather data on how often students use English outside school to present their current situation. Which model is best?. Descriptive. Documentary. Explanatory. Causal.

Origins of Action Research Scenario: A student, Maria, is preparing a presentation on the origins of action research. She wants to identify its founder. Who is widely credited with conceptualizing action research?. McKernan. Stephen Kemmis. Kurt Lewin. Karlsen.

Which of the following is a key characteristic of educational action research?. It does not require investment or resources. It takes place exclusively in laboratory settings. Data is collected in the field outside the laboratory. It relies solely on secondary data sources.

Shift in the 20th Century Scenario: Ms. Lopez teaches her students about a major shift in action research. From the mid-20th century, what was science and technology increasingly seen as?. A teaching tool. A philosophical pursuit. A source of wealth. An academic exercise.

Explanatory Model Scenario:Mr. Torres investigates why some students excel in English while others struggle, linking it to motivation and home support. Which model fits this study?. Explanatory. Descriptive. Evaluative. Causal.

Action Research Concept According to the definitions provided, what is a key feature of action research as a data collection method?. It involves interacting with people in their natural environment to gather qualitative data. It is primarily used to test hypotheses in a laboratory setting. It focuses on collecting quantitative data in a controlled environment. It relies solely on secondary sources to gather data.

Pre-Experimental Process Scenario: Ms. Torres, a teacher, wants to test a new vocabulary game with her students but cannot control external factors like their prior knowledge. Which action research method should she use?. Case Study. Quasi-Experimental. Pre-Experimental. Experimental.

Mr. Singh, an English department head, leads an action research project to enhance student engagement. He openly shares the project’s goals and challenges, helping his team understand their roles in achieving success. According to Bush (2008), what is he promoting?. A sense of value and purpose through transparency. Isolation of team members to focus on tasks. A controlling environment to ensure compliance. A focus on his own leadership authority.

UNIT 4 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 1 Question 10: Applied Linguistics in Society, Scenario: A colleague questions how applied linguistics contributes to society. How would you respond based on the content?. It focuses only on academic research with no practical impact. It helps develop language policies and efficient communication. It studies literature and its cultural significance. It teaches students to memorize dictionaries.

UNIT 4 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 2, Question 2: Setting Learning Objectives, Scenario: You are designing a lesson on expressing preferences in English. What is the first step you should take to ensure effective lesson planning?. Choose a video clip to show in class. Determine what students should learn and be able to do by the end of the lesson. Assign homework for the next session. Plan a group game for the end of class.

¿UNIT 4 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 3 : Enhancing Student Confidence, Scenario: Your students are hesitant to speak English due to fear of judgment. Which strategy would best boost their confidence in speaking?. Use guessing games to create a low-pressure, engaging environment. Assign only individual presentations to build independence. Avoid speaking activities to reduce anxiety. Focus on correcting every pronunciation error immediately.

¿UNIT 4 - TOPIC 2 – SUBTOPIC 1-: After-Listening Consolidation, Scenario: After a listening activity on a weather forecast, you want to consolidate learning. Which after-listening activity would best help students reflect and check understanding?. Practicing pronunciation drills. Assigning a grammar worksheet. Watching a related video silently. Discussing how students felt and what they understood.

students to improve their reading skills in English. According to Hadfield (2008), what is a key role of teachers in this process?. Avoiding the use of reading strategies. Focusing only on individual word pronunciation. Helping students read for meaning rather than getting caught up in details. Assigning only writing tasks to support reading.

¿UNIT 3 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 2 Question 1- Scenario: Ms. Rivera, an English teacher, conducts an action research project to improve her department’s collaboration. She ensures her team understands the school’s goal of fostering critical thinking in students. According to Oplatka (2009), which key leadership practice is she demonstrating?. Making firm and timely decisions. Delegating tasks to reduce her workload. Focusing solely on her personal leadership skills. Helping educators understand the institution’s overall strategy.

¿UNIT 3 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 3 Question 3- Scenario: Ms. Lee, a department head, encourages her English teachers to collaborate on an action research project to integrate technology into lessons. She fosters a sense of ownership by involving them in planning. According to Bush (2008), which leadership characteristic is she emphasizing?. Commitment to employee participation. Vision. Accurate and quick assessment. Team building.

¿UNIT 3 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 4 Question 4 -Scenario: Mr. Patel, a principal, implements a system to evaluate the impact of an action research project on English teaching practices, providing feedback to support teacher growth. Which leadership function is he performing?. Providing trust for innovation. Introducing effective quality assurance processes. Reconceptualizing hierarchical interactions. Ensuring preparation of visionary leaders.

¿UNIT 3 - TOPIC 2 – SUBTOPIC 1 Question 8- Scenario: Mr. Chen, an English teacher, uses action research to address student difficulties in essay writing. He ensures his methods are evidence-based by ruling out bias and ensuring validity. According to the content, why is this approach significant?. It minimizes the need for data collection. It relies on outdated behavioral models. It focuses on theoretical instruction only. It generates evidence-based teaching strategies.

Applied Linguistics in Society, Scenario: A colleague questions how applied linguistics contributes to society. How would you respond based on the content?. It focuses only on academic research with no practical impact. It helps develop language policies and efficient communication. It studies literature and its cultural significance. It teaches students to memorize dictionaries.

¿UNIT 3 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 1- Question 1 Scenario: Ms. Carter, a high school English teacher, notices that her department struggles with collaboration and isolated teaching practices. He decides to implement an action research project to foster teamwork. Based on the principles of action research and leadership, what is the primary benefit of her initiative?. Increasing student test scores immediately. Establishing her authority as the department head. Reducing teacher workload by delegating tasks. Promoting professional development through collaborative practices.

UNIT 3 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 2 Question 1- Scenario: Ms. Rivera, an English teacher, conducts an action research project to improve her department’s collaboration. She ensures her team understands the school’s goal of fostering critical thinking in students. According to Oplatka (2009), which key leadership practice is she demonstrating?. Delegating tasks to reduce her workload. Focusing solely on her personal leadership skills. Helping educators understand the institution’s overall strategy. Making firm and timely decisions.

UNIT 3 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 3 Question 4- Scenario: Mr. Gomez, an English teacher, leads an action research project and quickly identifies that outdated teaching materials are hindering student engagement. He takes responsibility for updating resources promptly. Which leadership characteristic (Bush, 2008) is he demonstrating?. Personality. Conflict resolution. Accurate and quick assessment. Training/Preparation.

¿UNIT 3 - TOPIC 2 – SUBTOPIC 2 Question 1: Scenario: Ms. Carter, an English teacher, leads an action research project to improve student writing skills. She encourages her team to share their opinions on teaching strategies, fostering transparency and engagement. According to Bush (2008), what is a key leadership role she is fulfilling?. Demanding obedience to her teaching methods. Avoiding team collaboration to maintain control. Focusing solely on her own professional growth. Establishing trust and encouraging team input.

¿UNIT 3 - TOPIC 2 – SUBTOPIC 4, Question 4, Scenario: Mr. Chen, an English teacher, conducts an action research project to improve speaking skills. He chooses questionnaires and classroom observations to gather data, ensuring they are valid and reliable. Which stage of action research is he focusing on, according to Oplatka (2009)?. Data Collection Techniques. Data Analysis Techniques. Establishing the Methodology. Statement of the Problem.

A colleague questions how applied linguistics contributes to society. How would you respond based on the content?. It focuses only on academic research with no practical impact. It helps develop language policies and efficient communication. It studies literature and its cultural significance. It teaches students to memorize dictionaries.

¿UNIT 4 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 3 Question 6: Formal vs. Informal Language Scenario: You notice your students use overly formal language in casual conversations, making them sound unnatural. What should you teach to address this?. Awareness of formal/informal language and appropriate usage. Only academic vocabulary. Silent reading to improve fluency. Complex sentence structures for all contexts.

¿UNIT 4 - TOPIC 1 – SUBTOPIC 4 Question 1: Defining Written Expression, Scenario: You are introducing the concept of writing to your English students. According to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, what does written expression include?. Verbal language and non-verbal elements like maps and graphs. Listening comprehension and vocabulary memorization. Oral communication and pronunciation skills. Only verbal language in essays.

¿UNIT 4 - TOPIC 2 – SUBTOPIC 1-Question 10: After-Listening Consolidation, Scenario: After a listening activity on a weather forecast, you want to consolidate learning. Which after-listening activity would best help students reflect and check understanding?. Discussing how students felt and what they understood. Watching a related video silently. Practicing pronunciation drills. Assigning a grammar worksheet.