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What was a significant milestone in the integration of technology in ESL teaching during the last decades of the 20th century?. The popularity of CD-ROMs with multimedia content. The emergence of personal computers. The creation of mobile language learning apps. The implementation of online learning platforms.

According to the text, which technologies have historically been used in language teaching?. Tape recorders, language labs, radio, and televisión. Virtual reality, artificial intelligence, augmented reality. Mobile apps, online platforms, communication tolos. Educational games, augmented reality, chatbots.

What is an important aspect to consider when integrating technology into second language teaching, according to the text?. Exclusive dependence on technology as a fix for all educational challenges. The complete elimination of traditional teaching methods. A lack of collaboration between researchers and teachers. Unlimited use of mobile applications in the Classroom.

What opportunities does technology provide in second language learning, according to the text?. Linguistic isolation and lack of interaction with native speakers. Improvement in pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary through automated systems. Lack of progress in autonomous learning. Limitation of communication in various contexts.

Which factors have influenced the evolution of ICT use in ESL teaching during the 2000s?. The emergence of mobile apps specifically for language learning. The proliferation of the Internet and online learning platforms. The popularity of language labs in schools. The implementation of learning management systems in all educational institutions.

Which resources have been widely used in the evolution of ICT in ESL classrooms, according to the text?. Textbooks and activity workbooks. Digital media and multimedia resources. Traditional educational games. Notebooks and pencils.

What do online platforms like Duolingo, Rosetta Stone, and Babbel offer for English learning?. Structured lessons, interactive activities, and pronunciation exercises. Entertainment games with no educational content. Access to traditional textbooks. Static grammar and vocabulary resources.

Which application is most recommended for creating a Personal Learning Environment (Entorno Personal de Aprendizaje)?. Google Classroom. Moodle. Symbaloo.

What does a Personal Learning Environment (PLE) allow in the teaching of English?. Create stories. Share materials. Conduct exams. Make presentations.

How does a PLE contribute to education in general?. Aiding content memorisation. Promoting competition among teachers. Allowing the organisation and adaptation of didactic material. Limiting creativity in designing teaching sequences.

What can be done through a PLE in English teaching and learning in early childhood education?. Create interactive presentations. Conduct scientific experiments. Share stories. Design teaching sequences.

What type of resource can be used to create interactive murals that stimulate English learning in children?. Power Point. Canva. Padlet. Piktochart.

Which of the following reference elements for designing virtualized activities refers to the importance of understanding the learning needs of the recipients?. Knowing the content, knowing how to structure it, organise it, and present it. Knowing the audience well. Defining the methodology of use. Maintaining the user's interest.

What fundamental principles should inspire the development of the work plan in a networked multimedia project for holistic formative development?. Appropriateness and flexibility. Aesthetics and navigability. Innovation and complexity. Interactivity and creativity.

What dimension should be considered in a multimedia project for holistic formative development in relation to the platform or software tool to be used?. Appropriateness. Flexibility. Innovation. Aesthetics.

What characteristics should content have in a virtual environment to be effective in an online formative project?. Restricted navigation and commercial program downloads. Complex and overloaded organization. Reflection activities and practical application. Lack of additional resources for in-depth exploration.

What type of tools based on ICT should be incorporated into a virtual environment to expand and deepen the content?. Tools that restrict audiovisual communication. Video and audio production, and editing of images and audio. Restrictions on online publication. Elimination of the possibility of play.

What is the main objective of the unit presented in the text?. Design games for teaching English in Primary Education. Provide an example of a didactic unit integrating ICT for teaching English in Early Childhood Education. Evaluate the impact of ICT on foreign language learning. Create educational materials for bilingual education.

Which of the proposed methodological approaches includes the use of gestures, interactive materials, and sensory experiences?. Total Physical Response (TPR). Phonics in Context. Visual and Multisensory Approaches. Look-and-Say.

In the Total Physical Response (TPR) approach, a key characteristic is: Use of flashcards to memorise vocabulary. Association of words with physical actions. Creation of visually attractive environments. Application of group language games.

What assessment tool is mentioned in the text for evaluating the proposed activities?. Task checklist. Learning portfolio. Standardised exam. Rubric with achievement indicators.

What is the advanced level of achievement for the indicator "Participates in activities with simple questions and answers"?. Responds and formulates questions fluently, adding details. Responds with visual support to simple questions. Repeats simple answers with limited vocabulary. Identifies key words in basic questions.

In the "Phonics in Context" approach, which activity is used to teach relationships between sounds and letters?. Movement games like "Hide and Seek". Songs, rhymes, and storytelling. Descriptions of objects in a circle. Memorisation of vocabulary with flashcards.

Which activity described in the text uses spatial terms and colours to describe a hidden object?. Passing an object to the rhythm of music. "I spy with my little eye something beginning with...". "Hide and Seek" in the classroom. Building a television with a brick.

What is the main assessment technique in Early Childhood Education according to Real Decreto 95/2022?. Written and oral assessment. Direct and systematic observation. Quantitative achievement análisis. Standardised tests.

What is the main purpose of the assessment process in Early Childhood Education?. To establish a ranking of students. To determine the teachers’ level. To identify the initial conditions and development of each child. To compare results between schools.

In the development of a foreign language in Area 3, which specific competence is related to assessment at this stage?. Problem-solving competence. Developing artistic skills. Learning social norms. Valuing linguistic and cultural diversity.

What element is essential for designing assessment tools in Early Childhood Education?. The teacher’s professional competence. Observable and measurable indicators. The integration of extracurricular activities. The socio-economic level of the students.

According to the text, what attitude should be encouraged during foreign language assessment?. Participation and confidence of the child. Perfection in pronunciation from the beginning. Competition with other peers. Independence in learning.

What is one of the main objectives of using ICT tools in foreign language assessment?. To increase students’ workload. To replace manual assessment. To assess and develop comprehensive language skills. To implement only analytical activities.

What tool can be used to assess listening comprehension through songs?. Minecraft Education Edition. Plickers. Kahoot!. LyricsTraining.

What are the four assessment levels proposed in the text?. In Progress, Achieved, Noteworthy, Expert. Beginner, Intermediate, Advanced, Expert. Basic, Intermediate, Superior, Excellence. Failed, Satisfactory, Good, Excellent.

What is the goal of the Common Framework for Digital Teaching Competence (MRCDD)?. To define and structure the digital competences of students. To establish the pedagogical competences of teachers. To define and structure the digital competences that every teacher should develop. To promote the use of digital technologies in the classroom.

How many main areas is the MRCDD organised into?. 3. 4. 5. 6.

In which block are the six areas of the MRCDD organised?. Teaching competences for the development of students' digital competence. Pedagogical competences of teachers. Professional competences of teachers. Specific competences of the profession.

What is one of the key points related to Early Childhood Education in the MRCDD?. a) It focuses exclusively on primary education. b) It highlights the individual functions of each teacher. c) It emphasises the importance of digital competences in teacher training. d) It does not include any competences related to professional commitment.

In which area of the MRCDD is the function of empowering students addressed?. Professional commitment. Digital content. Assessment and feedback. Empowerment of students.

Which action reflects the competence of teaching in digital contexts?. Using classroom technologies to support teaching. Carrying out only face-to-face activities without integrating technologies. Not planning learning sessions in a structured manner. Not reflecting on the effectiveness of digital pedagogical strategies.

What specific didactic strategy is suggested for teaching English in the area of Guidance?. Use of multimedia tools. Creation of personalised digital itineraries. Creation of interactive team games. Sharing the pros and cons of a digital resource with colleagues.

What is an action related to collaboration in learning in digital contexts?. Not knowing digital technologies to implement team learning structures. Not analysing the functionalities and security conditions of a shared editing tool. Not experimenting with new formats and methods of cooperative learning. Using digital technologies for individual learning without collaboration.

What specific didactic strategy is recommended to promote autonomous learning in English language teaching?. Providing self-assessment tools. Not planning academic work using project management applications. Not offering families a range of digital applications. Not allowing students to choose activities based on their interests.

Which of the following aspects of digital teaching competence in artificial intelligence, according to UNESCO, focuses on the teacher’s ability to use AI tools for their professional development?. AI foundations and applications. Human-centred mindset. AI for professional development. Ethics of AI.

What pedagogical approach supports three-dimensional competence in Early Childhood Education?. Bandura’s Social Learning Theory. Kohlberg’s Moral Development Theory. Vygotsky’s Socio-Constructivist Theory. Ausubel’s Meaningful Learning Theory.

What is one of the main advantages of using technology in English teaching in Early Childhood Education?. Reducing class hours. Personalising learning. Eliminating social interaction. Exclusive individualised teaching.

Which methodological approach combines content and foreign language learning in bilingual contexts?. a) Cooperative Learning. b) Communicative Approach. c) Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). d) Discovery Learning.

What is a key challenge for teachers in teaching English in Early Childhood Education?. Lack of student interest. Lack of training in digital competences. Absence of bilingual programmes. Excess of technological resources.

Which technological tool allows students to learn English in a fun and personalised way at home?. Google Classroom. Lingokids. Prezi. Google Scholar.

What is one of the challenges in integrating technologies into English learning in socioeconomically disadvantaged contexts?. Lack of time to use technologies. Disparity in access to technology. Excess of available resources. Ineffective use of technology in class.

Which technology-based pedagogical strategy encourages collaboration and authentic use of English in the classroom?. Traditional exams. Project-Based Learning (PBL). Direct instruction. Memorisation methods.

What is a potential future opportunity in teaching English using technology?. Reduction of AI use. Personalisation of learning through AI. Exclusion of emerging technologies. Limitation of family-school collaboration.