Gramatica 2021

Since that-clauses do not follow prepositions in English... (identify the incorrect option): The preposition may be retained and followed by anticipatory "it". The preposition may be substituted by existencial "there". They cannot realise the prepositional complement function. "The fact" may be insterted before the that-clause.

What is typically a difference between a complex sentence and a compound one?. A compound sentence is a type of complex sentence. The former contain coordinated clauses, and the latter, dependent clauses. The former contains dependent clauses and the latter, coordinated clauses. They are both synonyms.

What is the subject complement in the sentence: "She is powerful enough to make any changes that found to be necessary"?. Powerful to make any changes. Powerful. Powerful enough to make any changes that are found to be necessary. Powerful enough to make.

What is a complement of an adjective?. A post-head element introduced by a preposition or by a that-clause. It is a synonym of nominal modifier. Adjectives don't have complements. A pre-head element with additional information on the head element.

What is 'a bag of sweets' in "The mother gave them a bag of sweets"?. Force. Phenomenon. Affected. Unactualised affected.

Which of the following statements about the independence of clauses is correct according to SFG?. All grammatically dependent clauses are finite. All non-fininte dependent clauses can be substituted by finite clauses without altering the rest of the predication. All grammatically independent clauses are finite. All finite dependent clauses can be substituted by non-finite clauses without altering the rest of the predication.

Whe a lexical verb is preceded by a chain of auxiliares, the first auxiliary is a... Finite operator. Secondary verb. Verbal head. Predicator.

How should: "They like their next-door neighbours to come in for a drink occasionally" be separated into constituents at clausal level?. They/like/their next-door neighbours/to come in for a drink/occasionally. They/like/their next-door neighbours to come in for a drink occasionally. They/like/their next-door-neighbours/to come in/for a drink occasionally. They/like/their next-door neighbours/to come in/for a drink/occasionally.

Which of the following sentences contains a connective adjunct?. We consider her to be the best candidate available. On Tuesday, the news finally reached the neighbours. However, not everyone agreed. The election campaign has finally ended.

Which of the following statements about imperatives is NOT true?. They use the base form of the verb. They don't use modals. There is no distinction between declarative and imperative when the verb is "be". They don't use tense-aspect forms.

What is the RHEME in "At the dusk the animals got out their burrows"?. The animals got out their burrows. The animals. At dusk. Out of their burrows.

When we say that the imperative is typically used to encode a directive we are referring to the fact that... Each group is associated in the grammar with a class rank. Each participant is associated in the grammar with a type of constituent. Each basic speech act is associated in the grammar with a type of clause. Each basic process is associated in the grammar with a type of speech act.

What type of subordinate clause is there in: "Anne was found locked out of her own house.". -en participial clause. -ing participial clause. To-infinitive clause. Bare infinitive clause.

An illocutionary form refers to... The type of clause that corresponds to a given verbal process. The repertoire of transitivity patterns accepted by a given verb. The speaker's intended meaning at a given point in the discourse. The polarity of statements, questions, exclamatives and directives.

Which of the following statements about exclamative clauses is NOT true?. "How" functions as a determinative adverb. They are used to make exclamative statements. The wh-elements that introduces them can be "what" or "how". They have subject-finite ordering.

Unlike independent interrogatives, dependent interrogatives... Do not involve subject-operation inversion. Do not involve wh-words. Are not used to refer to questions. Use question marks.

What type of semantic process is there in "You are kind"?. Behavioural. Verbal. Relational. Existentional.

Which of the following statements about SFG is true?. Words are made up of lexemes, morphemes, and prefixes. All morphemes have grammatical meaning. All morphemes have lexical meaning. Prepositions, pronouns and articles are closed classes of words.

Which of the following statements about SFG is correct?. SFG aims to match forms to function and meaning in context. In SFG there are three layers of clausal representation: representational, interpersonal and experiential. In SFG there are three major types of communicative acts: declarative, interrogative and exclamative. IN SFG phonology is subservient to morphology, which is subservient to syntax and this, iin turn, to contextual information.

Which of the following statements about the independence of clauses is correct according to SFG?. All finite dependent clauses can be substituted by non-finite clauses without altering the rest of the predication. All grammatically independent clauses are finite. All grammatically dependent clauses are finite. All non-finite dependent clauses can be substituted by finite clauses without altering the rest of the predication.

When a lexical verb is preceded by a chain of auxiliaries, the first auxiliary is a.... secondary verb. verbal head. finite operator. predicator.

Which of the following statements about question tags is NOT true?. They are an important interactive device in spoken English. They can be reversed and constant. Copy tags are declarative in form. They are independent clauses.

When we say that the imperative is typically used to encode a directive, we are referring to the fact that... ... each basic process is associated in the grammar with a type of speech act. ... each group is associated in the grammar with a class rank. ...each basic speech act is associated in the grammar with a type of clause. ... each participant is associated in the grammar with a type of constituent.

Which of the following statements about exclamative clauses is NOT true?. They are used to make exclamative statements. They have subject-finite ordering. The wh-element that introduces them can be “what” or “how”. “How” functions as a determinative adverb.

How many basic constituents does the standard independent clause have?. Two: subject and predicator. It depends on whether the verb is transitive or intransitive. One: the verb. Two: subject and predicate.

What is the structure of "That map was useful"?. S P Od. S P Co. S P Loc. S P Cs.

Which of the following sentences has a Locative/Goal?. The babies drive their parents crazy. A gym will get you fit. She drove me to the station. He went pale.

Classify the verb in capitals in the sentence: "It's late so I'd better GET BACK": transitive phrasal verb. phrasal-prepositional verb. intransitive phrasal verb. prepositional verb.

What is the main unit of grammatical analysis in SFG?. The sentence. The clause. The text. The phrase.

Which of the following is non-assertive?. already. a lot. still. ever.

Where can a dummy it be found?. In an end-placed subject. In expressions of time and weather. As an adjectival NG head. In existential clauses.

What is a participant in SFG?. An entity of any kind. An action, event, state, or type of behaviour. Any kind of contingent fact or subsidiary situation which is associated with the process or the main situation. A quality or characteristic.

Which feature identifies a subject?. reciprocity in question tags. concord. position. pronominalisation.

To which class of group does "wide awake" belong?. PP. NG. AdjG. AdvG.

Which of the following sentences contains a recipient indirect object?. He got us the tickets. She lent me a CD. She left me a note. I’ll buy you a drink.

A prepositional phrase is _____ in subject function. standard. prototypical. non-prototypical. ungrammatical.

What is "to shore" in "The girls swam to shore"?. Locative/Goal complement. Connective adjunct. Circumstantial adjunct. Stance adjunct.

Which of the following features about the respective complementation patterns of the verbs to say and/or to tell is NOT correct?. Tell can take a prepositional complement but not an indirect object. Say can take a prepositional complement but not an indirect object. Say is monotransitive and tell is ditransitive. Quoted speech may realise the object of say, but not that of tell.

The following is NOT a type of wh-clause complement: Attributive subordinate clauses. Indirect wh-interrogatives. Indirect exclamatives. Wh-nominal clauses.

Which type of Adjunct is the most integrated in the clause?. The three types are similarly integrated. Connective. Circumstantial. Stance.

What optional modifier is typically found in prepositional phrases?. A prepositional complement. An adverb of degree. There are no optional modifiers in prepositional phrases. A prepositional subhead.

Which of the following statements on supllementive units is correct?. In formal writing, they are usually freestanding. They are integrated into the main clause. Not only clauses, but other units can have the status of supplementives. They are embedded but not subordinate.

Which of the following sentences contain(s) anticipatory 'it'?. She might consider it insulting for you to leave now. He finds it flattering having so many fans. You must think it strange that he refuses to come. All three sentences in this question.

Which of the following statements on passive structures is correct?. The verb is transitive. The subject is put in the thematic position. The Agent must be explicit. The participant that carries out the action is also the grammatical subject of the verb.

Why should a directive be expressed using an interrogative clause?. For emphasis. To obtain a yes/no answer from the interlocutor. For politeness. For relevance.

What is "fit for the task" in "They must prove themselves fit for the task"?. An object complement. An adverbial. A part of the direct object. A prepositional phrase.

Which criterion does not intervene in the transitivity hypothesis?. Mode. Agency. Affirmation. Activeness.

What is "there" in "There is nothing in the box"?. Existent. Phenomenon. An elemental semantic filler. Process.

What semantic role is typically associated with the direct object?. Beneficiary. Affected. Recipient. Agent.

The following are NEVER copulas: Verbs of weather. To be. Sensory verbs. Verbs that refer to processes of becoming.