INGLES 3.

The tips of the outer hair cell stereocilia are embedded in the: tectorial membrane. baislar membrane. Reissner`s membrane. reticular lamina. they are not embedded in any membrane.

Which of these structures is responsable for detection of linear acceleration?. utricule and saccule. cochlea. ampulla and crista. semicircular canals. cupula.

Which of these structures is responsable for detection of angular aceleration?. ampulla. crista. utricule and saccul. organ of Corti. fenestra vestibuli.

Which of the following is responsable for maintaining and producing endolymph?. otolithic membrane. stria vascularis. cerebral spinal fluid. endolymphatic sac. spaces of Nuel.

Endolymph in the scala media is contained within the following boundaries: oval window, round window, and helicotrema. stria vascularis, basilar membrane, and tectorial membrane. basilar membrane, reticular lamina, and stria vascularis. Reissner´s membrane, stria vascularis, and reticular lamina. Tectorial membrane, reticular lamina, and basilar membrane.

The tiny filaments interconnecting rows of stereocilia are called: tip-links. cupula. tympani filament. reticular lamina. inner support cells.

The sensory organ of the utricle is called: crista. organ of Corti. cupula. otolith. macula.

Which of the following most accurately reflects the orientation of the inner ear structures?. Cochlea is more anterior- medial to the semicircular canals and apex "points" superiorly. Cochela is more posterior- lateral to the semicircular canals and apex "points" anterior- laterally. Cochlea is more anterior- medial to the semicircular canals and apex "points" anterior- laterally. Cochlea is more posterior- lateral to the semicircular canals and apex "points" posterior- medially. Cochlea is more anterior- lateral to the semicircular canals and apex "points" anterior- medially.

The eustachian tube can bes be described as: normally closed and opens by the tensor veli palatini muscle. normally open and closes when swallowing or chewing. normally closed and opened by action of the tensor tympani muscle. normally open and closes by the tympanic veli palatini muscle. open all the time to equalize air pressure between the middle ear and the nasopharynx.

Which of the following correctly includes all the afferent auditory brainstem nuclei in the correct order beginning from the most inferior to the most superior?. spiral ganglia, CN,SOC,IC,MGB. CN,LL,IC, MGB, thalamus. MGB, IC, LL, SOC, CN. CN, SOC, LL, IC, MGB. spiral ganglia, CN, SOC, LL, IC, MGB.

Which of the following is a function of the outer ear?. equalizes air pressure on both sides of tympanic membrane. allows fluid from middle ear to drain. enhances frequencies through the lever advantage below 2500Hz. channels virbations to the oval window. protects the ear from dirt and fungi.

Which of the following best describes the function of the acoustic reflex?. reduces distortion that could occur durning loud vocalizations and/our coughs. generates acoustic responses in the ear canal from the OHC motility. equalizes air pressure within the middle ear to that of the environment. protects the ear from loud explosions. responsible for the passive process of the cochlea.

The air pressure of the middle ear is maintained at or near atmospheric pressure by: increases and decreases of the density of air molecules. the in and out movement of the oval window. contractions of the stapedius muscle. periodic opening of the eustachian tube. periodic opening of the pars flaccida.

The source (i.e., biological battery of the cochlea) that maintains the high potassium (K+) level in the endolymph is the: endocochlear potential. cochlear microphonic. intracellular potential. stria vascularis. action potential.

The primary role of the outer hair cells is to. add more displacement to the basilar membrane´s motion due to their motility. generate a traveling wave from base to apex. increase and decrease neurotransmitter durning depolarization and hyperpolarization. explain how the ear codes for intensity. provide 95% of the afferent information to the central nervous system.

Angular acceleration would occur durning which of the following activities?. turning head to look at someone calling you. pedding a bike. bending forward. riding an elevator. all the above.

When the head rotates to the left, which of the following best describes what happens to the endolymph and the bending of the stereocilia in the pair of horizontal semicircular canals (SCCs)?. endolymph moves left, utriculopetal deflection in left SCC; utriculopetal deflection in right SCC. endolymph moves left; utriculopetal deflection in left SCC; utriculofugal deflection in right SCC. endolymph moves right; utriculopetal deflection in left SCC; utriculofugal deflection in right SCC. endolymph moves right; utriculopetal deflection in right SCC; utriculofugal deflection in left SCC. endolymph moves left; you get dizzy.

Which of the following events occur when one tilts their head forward?. endolymph moves forward; utriculopetal deflection in left SCC; utriculopetal deflection in right SCC. endolymph moves bacjward; utriculopetal deflection in right SCC; utriculofugal deflection in left SCC. The cupula moves in the macula of the utricl. the otoconia bends the stereocilia toward the jinocilia on one side of the striola and awat from kinocilia on the other side of the striola. the otoconia bends all the stereocilia in an excitatory direction.

The reflexive movements of the arms and legs when one unexpectedly falls backward are due to the: VSR. ABR. AP. VOR. OAE.

You should obtain pure- tone thresholds at 1500 Hz: when the thresholds at the octaves surrounding 1500Hz differ by greater than 40 dB. when the thresholds at the octaves surronding 1500Hz differ by greater than 20dB. when you have avaliable time. always. never.

The audiogram shows AC thresholds at 30dB HL and BC thresholds at 40 dB HL for the frequencies tested. What is the most reasonable explanation for the differences between the AC and BC threshols?. mixed hearing loss. conductive hearing loss. transducer calibration. normal variability. c and d.

The most common bone oscillator placement is on the. mastoid. forehead. temple. teeth. auricle.

a significant air- bone gap means that: BC thresholds are better than AC threshold by 15dB or more. AC thresholds are better than BC thresholds by 15 dB or more. BC thresholds are better than AC thresholds by 5 dB or more. AC thresholds are better than BC thresholds by 5dB or more. BC thresholds are worse than AC thresholds by 15dB or more.

Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) can be used for pediatric testing as young as: 3 months. 6 months. 12 months. 24 months. 48 months.

One disadvantage of sound- field visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) is that: it can only be used for children 6 months of age or younger. there is only a testing phase to this procedure. audiologist cannot obtain ear- specific information. child must raise their hand. the tester must be in the same room as the child.

When using the modifield Hughson- Westlake method for pure - tone testing, if a patient responds to the tone you should---- and if the patient does not respond, you should----. increase the level by 10dB; decrease the level by 10dB. decrease the level by 10dB; increase the level by 10dB. increase the level by 5 dB; increase the level by 10dB. decrease the level by 5dB, decrease the level by 10dB. decrease the level by 10dB; increase the level by 5dB.

To determining the traditional pure. tone average, the audiometric frequencies used are: 250, 500, 1000, 2000Hz. 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 Hz. 1000, 2000, 4000Hz. 250, 1000, 4000 Hz. 500, 1000, 2000Hz.

The maximun output level for BC on an audiometer is usually: the same as for AC. greater then for AC. less than for AC. 4000 Hz. 120dB HL.

An audiogram for a patient with a mixed type of hearing loss will show: abnormal BC thresholds and an air- bone gap. normal BC and abnormal air conduction. abnormal BC and no air - bone gap. normal BC and air- bone gap. equal AC and BC thresholds.

The part of the auditory system primarily involved with osteoma is: auricle. ear canal. middle ear. cochlea. eighth cranial nerve.

The part of the auditory system primarily involved with cholesteatoma is: auricle. ear canal. middle ear. cochlea. eight cranial nerve.

The part of the auditory system primarily involved with Meniere´s disease is: auricle. ear canal. middle ear. cochlea. eight cranial nerve.

The part of the vestibular system that is involved in dizziness from too much alcohol is: auricle. cochlea. semicircular canals. saccule. vestibulo- spinal reflex.

The part of the vestibular system that is involved with bening paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is: auricle. eight cranial nerve. excessive endolymph. cochlea. otoconia.

The part of the ear primarily involved with a fistula is: auricle. tympanic membrane. cochlea. oval or round window. eight cranial nerve.

Which of the following is consistent with exostoses?. bony growths that collects on the footplate of the stapes. bony growths within the external auditory canal. results in a sensorieural hearing loss. caused by a bacterial infection. more common in women following a recent pregnancy.

a malformed or small auicle is called. anotia. atresia. microtia. otitis externa. cauliflower ear.

Normal pure- tone hearing, normal OAEs, and abnormal ABRs may be found in: meniere´s disease. noise- induced hearing loss. sudden sensorineural hearing loss. auditory neuropathy sprecturm disorder. glomus tumor.

a longitudinal (non- otic) temporal bone fracture typucally results in the following: dizzines. impacted cerumen. sensorineural hearing loss. nausea. conductive hearing loss.

which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the status of dispensing hearing aids: Audiologist do nos dispense/ sell hearing aids because it is a conflict of interest. ASHA allowed audiologists to dispense/sell hearing aids after the mid- 1970s. audiologists have always been allowed to dispense/sell hearing aids. audiologists must register with the FDA in order to dispense/sell hearing aids. none of the above.

the smallest style of hearing aid is called a(n): mini- BTE. ear- aid. PSAPS. CIC. RIC.

Which of the following best describes the validation step in the workflow for fitting hearing aids: assessing the patient´s listening difficulties through questionnaries. being sure the electroacustic analysis of the hearing aid is accurate. choosing the appropriate advanced features of the hearing aid. determining whether the patient is benefiting from wearing the hearing aid. performing real- ear measures.

a candidate for a bone- anchored implant (BAI) would have which type of hearing loss: conductive or mixed loss with air- bone gap greater than 30dB. moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss. auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder. loss of outer hair cells. all the above.

the use a middle ear implant (MEI), a patient should have a (an)-----. conductive to mixed loss with air- bone gap greater than 30dB. moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss. atresia of the ear canal. auditory neuropaty spectrum disorders. neurofibromatosis.

which of the following is used in the removal of cerumen?. over- the- counter softening agents. lavage. loupe. curettes. all the above.

Aural rehabilitation can be defined as: an intervention aimed at restoring/optimizing participation in activities that have been limited as a result of hearing loss. a classification of health- related domain that describes the functioning and diability of an individual. an intervention animed at hearing loss acquired while acquiring spoken lenguage. a program used in the fitting if amplification. a technique for removinf excess cerumen from the ear canal.

listening, alerting, and/or signaling devices that facilitate a patient´s communication with the enviroment or enhance the patient´s personal safety through the use of auditory, visual, or tactile modalities are referred to as: HADS. HAPS. HAAS. HATS. HOPE.

Early intervention programs use different approaches when working with children with hearing loss. These approaches include the---- and ----- models. direct therapy, coaching. coaching, family. extended family, direct therapy. parent- child interaction, clinician obervation. family, parent- child interaction.

Vestibular compensation can best be described: the loss of balance while lying down. assessing the risk of falls common in the elderly. performing the Epley maneuver. receiving monetary settlement for a work. related injury. the plasticity of the vestibular system and related sensory systems to adjust and/or overcome balance problems.