Mid Term Nature of Life

This is the general reaction of cellular respiration: 6CO₂ + 6H₂0 –unlight–chlorophyll→ C₆H₁₂O + 6O₆₂. C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6 H₂O + 36-38 ATP. C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH₂ + 2CO₂. C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₃H₆O₃.

Who described the process in which the presence of O2 stops the production of ethanol?. Louis Pasteur. Lazaro Spallanzani. Robert H. Whuttaker. Jean Baptiste Lamarck.

What are the pigments that receive energy during photosynthesis and give plants their color?. Chlorophyll and carotenoids. Lipid globule. Soil and water. Nicotinarnide.

The process in which lactate leaves the muscle and returns to the liver, where it is again transformed into glucose: Lactic acid fermentation. Thylakoids. ATP Synthase. Krebs cycle.

The site where light-dependent reactions occur. Thylakoids. Glucosa. Stroma. Mitochondria.

What factors must be present for photosynthesis to occur?. Sunlight, H₂O, and CO₂. O₂ and C₆H₁₂O₆. NADH and soil. H₂O and starch.

Enzyme required for ATP synthesis. ATP Synthase. Glucose. Sunlight. Ribosomes.

In which part of the chloroplast do light-independent reactions take place?. Stroma. ATP Synthase. Fermentation. Mitochondria.

What is the name of the radiation responsible for the heat provided by the sun?. Infrared range. Fermentation. CO₂. Gamma rays.

What is the main source from which we can synthesize ATP?. Food and glucose. CO₂ and H₂O. Mitochondria. Fermentation.

Organelle responsible for ATP synthesis: Mitochondria. Ribosomes. Chloroplast. Nucleous.

Structurally, is ATP composed of: Adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphates groups. Adenine, ribose, and 2 phosphates groups. Adenine, ribose, and water. Carbon dioxide, ribose, and 2 phosphates groups.

Process in which pyruvic acid formed in glycolysis is anaerobically converted into ethanol. In the first case, carbon dioxide is released, and in the second, NADH is oxidized and reduced to acetaldehyde. Alcoholic fermentation. Lactic Acid fermentation. Glucolysis. Non of them.

What carbohydrate is obtained at the end of the light-independent reactions or Calvin Cycle?. Glucose. Water. Carbon trioxide. Diphosphate.

Where does the process of photosynthesis occur?. Chloroplast. Ribosomes. Thylakoids. Stroma.

Is this the sum of chemical reactions that occur within a cell, either synthesis or degradation?. Metabolism. Glycolysis. Stroma. Summary.

These are the pathways or processes responsible for synthesizing more complex molecules from simpler ones. Anabolism. Catabolism. Glucolysis. Catalysis.

These are the pathways or processes responsible for breaking down different compounds, degrading them into simpler molecules. Catabolism. Anabolism. Photosynthesis. Catalysis.

The phases of the cellular respiration. This is the first phase of cellular respiration. It involves the breakdown of the glucose molecule and the production of pyruvate. It occurs in the cytosol. This is the third phase of cellular respiration. Electrons are released without energy and are accepted by oxygen molecules, producing water. The largest amount of ATP molecules is produced. It occurs in the mitochondrial membrane. This phase consists of a series of chemical reactions in which high-energy electrons are released to generate a large amount of ATP in the next stage. One of the main reactans is acetyl-CoA and the products are NADH and FADH+, CO₂ and ATP.

Heterogeneous organisms that feed on their host and cause harm. Parasites. Plants. Bears. Algaes.

Organisms that feed on decomposing animals are called this. Saprophytes. Autotrophs. Photosynthetics. Protistas.

These are organisms that require oxygen to carry out their functions. Aerobic. Anaerobic. Heterotrophs. Autotrophs.

In what process is chemical energy formed, stored in the form of glucose, and oxygen released in the presence of sunlight?. Photosynthesis. Cellular respiration. Fermentation. Krebs cycle.

This is the set of chemical reactions by which certain organic compounds are degraded by oxidation until they become molecules that, in the process, generate energy that the cell can use for various functions. Is a catabolic process. Cellular Respiration. Photosynthesis. Glusolysis. Catalysis.

ATP is a molecule from which we obtain: Energy. Food. Water. Soil.

Molecules that transfer energy to the electron transport chain: NADH and FADH₂. NADH and C₆H₁₂O₆. H₂O and CO₂. FADH₂ and O₂.

What wavelength is invisible to the human eye and has sterilizing properties?. Ultraviolet rays A, B, and C. Gamma rays. Infrared. All of them.

Relate the type of organisms based on how they get energy. Depend of other for the nutrients and energy they need. Animals, fungi, and bacteria. They produce their own food using organig energy sources. Plants and some bacterias.

Relate the 5 kingdoms with their definition. Prokaryotic organims that don't have a defined nucleus in their cells; includes bacteria and archea. Includes eukaryotic organisms that are not classified as animals, plants, or fungi. They are aerobic. Most are unicellular but can be multicellular. Protozoa, algae, slime molds, etc. Eukaryotic organisms that feed by decomposing organic matter; heterotrophs. They don't photosynthesize. Saprophytes, endosymbiotics, parasites,etc. Are eukaryotic, mostly autotrophic, produce their food through photosynthesis. Plants: mosses, ferns, angiosperms, etc. They are eukaryotic, multicellular and heterotrophic organisms; reproduce primarily sexually. Invertebrates and vertebrates.

Who proposed a classification that established five kingdoms, according to their type of nutrition: photosynthesis, absorption, ingestion, etc. Robert H. Whittaker. Carl Woese. Robert Hook. Jean Baptiste Lamarck.

Select the factors that affect the photosynthesis. Light. Carbon dioxide. Temperature. Water. Soil type. Wind speed. Nutrients.

Relate the Woese's proposed domains. Prokaryotic organisms; reproduce asexually by binary fission. Unicellular. Autotrophic or heterotrophic. Includes prokaryotic organisms. We distingish them from bacteria by the differences in their cell membrane and metabolic pathways. Key to processes such as the decomposition of organic matter in oxygen-free conditions. Hace eukaryotic cells. Can be unicellular, and their reproduction sexual or asexual. Includes four major kingdoms: Animalia, Planta, Fungi, and Protista.

Relate the precellular models. Microssopic droplets formed by organic molecules that remained bound together in an aqueous medium. They were no living beings but had the ability to concentrate substances and undergo chemical reactions with their limits. Small droplets that form in concentrated proteinoid solutions with a size similar to those of a typical cell. Organized, cell-like microstructures formed from ammonium thiocynate and formalin.

Which formula is this?. ATP. Glucosa. Triphosphate. Oxygen Water.

Which process is this?. Glucolysis. Cellular respiration. Fermentation. Oxydation.