1. A patient who presents atrioventricular blocked of the second degree the priority with this patient should be to observe the signs and symptoms that present. Among these symptoms are; a) Fever, tachycardia and seizures. b) Nausea, confusion and anuria c) Severe chest pain, fever and dizziness d) Change in heart rate, dizziness, nauseas and sweating.
2. The T wave of the electrocardiogram is due to: a) Auricular depolarization b) Ventricular depolarization. c) Ventricular repolarization d) Auricular repolarization.
3. Which of the following functions does NOT correspond to the skeletal system? a) Production of blood cells b) Storage of triglycerides. c) Vitamin D synthesis. d) Protection to vital internal organs.
4. Two preferred muscles to administer intramuscular injections are: a) Deltoids and brachial b) Greater gluteus and rectus femoris c) Deltoids and rectus femoris d) Gluteus medius and vastus lateralis .
5.The factor that introduces most variability in the energy needs of the person is: a) Physical activity b) Sex c) Weight- height relationship d) Weather.
6. The common sugar obtained from beet and sugar cane is compound of: a) Lactose b) Glucose c) Galactose d) Saccharose.
7. For a person who has egg allergy, the vaccine contraindicated: a) Anti-flu b) Pertussis c) Anti-hepatitis A d) 23-valent pneumococcal.
8. A patient with acute myocardial infarction is admitted to the coronary care unit. The medical treatment includes the administration every 12 hours of a B-blocking drug. In which of the following situations would you consult before administering the drug? a) The systolic blood pressure of the patient is 150 mmHg. b) It has an A-V block c) Your heart rate is 100 heartbeats/minute. d) The Central Venous Pressure is 9 cm of water.
9. A patient who has a condition of osteoarthritis is developing cyanosis. The bacteria pneumonia condition shows symptoms of cyanosis. What are the signs of this condition? a) Heart defects. b) Anemia due to lack of iron c) Insufficient oxygenation d) Cardiac secondary history.
10. From the following data, indicating which statement most validate the systems of patterns of intermittent constipation A) History of frequent effort in the defecation b) Hard unformed stool, today c) References of two or three episodes per month of hard unformed stools following a period of no bowel movement. d) Decrease activity levels, headache and deterioration of appetite.
11. In relation to the concepts of nursing diagnosis, point out the correct statement a) Express what the nurses do b) Acquired a great variability because it is linked to the unique character of each person c)It is a way to reformulate the medical diagnosis d)Two people with the same health problem pose the same nursing diagnosis .
12. Nursing care aimed at the health of the person in all its dimension, a carry out evaluating their needs, to the sign an implement actions require taking into account their perceptions and priority, have in orientation toward. a) Person b) Health c) Environment d) The interaction .
13) Antonio is a patient who has been diagnosis tuberculosis this has present signs a symptom of malaise several weeks ago. He goes to the doctor because he has presented cough and has bloody secretions. The following are signs and symptoms of active TB a) General malaise b) Anorexia, fatigue and weight loss c) Elevated fever d) Lower fever and sweating .
14. Antonio tested positive for the tuberculosis bacillus. The nursing professional should guide and teach the patient that the most common mode of transmission from person to person is: a) Particles b) Contaminated water. c) Drops through the air d) Dirty tools.
15. Which of the following side effects is more common for patients who take oral morphine? a) Bradycardia b) Confusion c) Addiction d) Constipation.
16. In the clinical estimate of postsurgical patient, “cicatrization by third intention” is mentioned. The interpretation is that it is: a) A contaminated wound that is left open and sutured after controlling the infection. b) A surgical incision suture with staples. c) An irregular wound with edge separation, in which the healing process is slow, and granulation is done from the bottom towards the surface, resulting in an apparent scar. d) A scar with a profusion of tissues that extends beyond the edges of the wound.
17. Indicate which of the following statements about HIV transmission is NOT correct: a) The most risky practice is unprotected anal sex. b) The risk of infection is greater for the partner receiving the semen. c) Intercourse during menstruation increases the risk of transmission. d) The presence of genital lesions caused by other sexually transmitted disease does not increase the likelihood of infection.
18. Which of the following recommendations would you include in a patient education guide on skin care during radiotherapy treatment? a) You should avoid exposing the skin to sources of heat and cold. b) It will be beneficial to wash the irradiated area with antiseptic soap c) Any moisturizer sold in pharmacies can be applied d) Sun baths will improve the appearance of your skin.
19. Rafael is a patient who is 70 years old, admitted to the hospital, presenting respiratory distress, periods of apnea, tachypneic. Your wife indicates that you are anxious this is typical of the patient with an obstructive lung disease? a) Chest augmentation b) Increase in respiratory pattern c) Collapse of the neck veins d) Edema in the part below the eyes.
20. To assess the presence of petechiae in a black person, you should explore: a) The palms of the hands and soles of the feet. b) The abdomen c) The inner side of the arms d) The oral mucosa.
21.When evaluating the state Ms Ruiz skin, you know that he has a reddened area when it is stretched between the fingers, the skin pales. This data would register in the history as: a) Erythema B) taint C) papule D) petequia.
22. Oscar has been receiving a drip aminophylline for twelve hours, this refers to be a little nervous and trembling. What of the nurse interventions should be? a) Explain to the patient that he must remain calm during the administration b. Evaluate respiration and provide adequate ventilation to decrease secretions c. Verify the symptomatology and follow the instructions of the doctor to discontinue the medication and to perform drugs levels d. Identify and evaluate the signs and symptoms of oxygenation .
23. Which of the following sighs of hypoxia is considered belated? a. Tachypnea b. Tachycardia c. Dyspnea of effort d. Cyanosis .
24 In the emergency of observation room, there is an adult man with asthma attack. Indicate which of the following symptoms is less reliable to assess the severity of the crisis: a. Presence of the wheezing b. Dyspnea/tachypnea /tachycardia c. Growing anxiety d. Paradoxical pulse .
25. Mrs. Josefa is an old woman who is going to her daughter house for a month and goes to her appointment to review her medication with you. She specially asks how many days the inhaler use to test her chronic bronchitis will can last. The inhaler contains 200 doses and has prescribed 6 heartbeats daily. Your answer will be: a. 27 days b. 25 days c. 38 days d. 40 days.
26.Which of the following assessment data would you expect to find in an anemic person? A. Bradycardia B. Palpitations c. Cyanosis d. Bradypnea .
27. You must administer a packed of red cells to a woman who has undergone a major abdominal surgery. Which of the following measures would NOT be carried out? a. Identify product and the receiver. b. Manage the product though a system with microaggregate filter. c. Use a Y-system or multiple pass-throughs connected to glucose serum. d. Stay next to the patient during the first 15 minutes of the transfusion.
28. When assessing a person with heart disease, you note that the capillary refill time is 2 seconds. You interpret the data as: a. Normal b. Decrease in capillary pressure. c. Increase in peripheral vascular resistance. d. Alteration of arterial flow to the limb.
29. You have scheduled an educational session for a group of hypertensive patients regarding changes in lifestyle and treatment. Indicate which of the following recommendations is INCORRECT: a. Caloric restriction for the obese. b. Abandonment of smoking. c. Perform regular physical activity. d. You can take salt if you are taking a diuretic.
30. With the characteristics indicated below, you must identify the person with the highest risk for acted coronary syndrome: a. Woman, 50 years old, black race and smoker. b. Male, 55 years old, hypertensive and with hypercholesterolemia. c. Male, 40 years old, African-American and obese. d. Female, 60 years old, family history of heart attack and sedentary lifestyle.
31. Which of the following characteristics corresponds to the thoracic pain produced by anxiety? a. Described as stinging. b. It is modified with breathing. c. It does not yield with the administration of nitrate. d. Oppressive character.
32. To assess peripheral edema in a bedridden patient affected by heart failure, you will see: a. Ankles. b. Sacrum. c. Hands. d. Abdominal perimeter.
33. If the left ventricle of a patient with congestive heart failure continuously pumps less blood into the circulation than it receives, the patient will develop: a. Liver congestion. b. Malleolar edema. c. Lung edema. d. Weight gain.
34-When instructing a patient suffering from gastroesophageal reflux on behaviors that may aggravate the symptoms, it would include all the following EXCEPT: a) Drink alcohol b) Eat protein foods c) Smoking d) Eat chocolate.
35-The nurse should explain to the patient that antacids are substances that: a) Ingested orally reduce that acid secretion of the stomach b) They produce a quick and maintained relief. c) They should be administered between 1-2 hours after meals. d) They are effective for the healing of gastric erosive lesions.
36- What consistency will the stool of a person with transverse colostomy have? a) Liquid b) Solid c) Semi-formed d) Pasty.
37- All of the following manifestations are associated with urinary tract infection, except. a) Polaquiuria b) Dysuria c) Polyuria d) Hematuria.
38- Mr. Jimenez has undergone a percutaneous renal biopsy.Which of the following interventions will NOT be carried out by the nurse? a) Keep the patient bedridden for 6-8 hours. b) Rate hematuria c) Monitor vital signals every 15 minutes during the first hour. d) Upon discharge, the man will be informed that he can return to his daily activities without any restriction.
39-The most frequent treatment used for patients with chronic renal failure is: a) Hemodialysis b) Continuous arteriovenous hemodialysis c) Continuous venous hemofiltration d) Ultrafiltration.
40- Which of the following signs would make you suspects the existence of liquid overload in a sick person? a) Absence of urine in the last 8 hours b) Increase of 1 Kg of weight c) Increase of 15 mmHg of blood pressure d) Presence of vesicle balloon .
41. During the nursing consultation a 50 year old women tells you that for two,,,,,,,,,,, she but had small losses of urine associated with a strong desire to urinate that she cannot suspend type of incontinence is called A. Of stress B. Of effort C. Of urgency D. Reflects .
42. The most common cause of functional acute renal failure is: a. State of hypovolemia b. Glomerulonephritis c. Pyelonephritis d. Diabetes.
43. Jose Amador is a 66-year-old patient who has been a chronic smoker for many years. You have persistent cough shortness of breath, fever, and frequent infections with anxiety. He is diagnosed with pulmonary emphysema which is a pulmonary obstruction. This condition is characterized by: A. Inflammation of the lungs B. Chronicity bronchial atrophy and loss of elasticity c. Accumulation of liquids in the lungs D. Bronchial spasms .
44. During pulmonary auscultation of the patient with pulmonary emphysema wheezing is heard this means that. A. Airway obstruction B. Bronchial spasms C. Constriction of the bronchi D. Air that escapes from the lungs into the pleural cavity .
45. Deep vein thrombosis is a potential complication in women after hysterectomy. Witch of the following measures would NOT be aimed at prevention. A. Encourage the realization of exercises with the legs while you stay in bed B. Keep in fowler position high C. Place elastic compression stockings or compression bandage D. Encourage to chance positions frequently.
46. Mrs. Martinez has undergone mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. What recommendations are appropriate for the arm and hand care of the affected area A. The cuticles can be cut as long as an antiseptic is used B. If there is no lymph edema there is no contraindication to the blood pressure and blood extractions c. Insect repellents should be applied to prevent stings D. You can carry the shopping bag as long as it does not exceed 8 kg .
47. Juana Davila is a 68-year-oldpatient who was diagnosed with myocardial infarction. She is admitted with severe pain in the client, which radiates to the shoulder and left jaw. The doctor prescribes to administer oxygen by canula, laboratories, EKG and administer 2 mg of Morphine IV. Which of the following nursing intervention has priority? a) Perform EKG b) Administer Morphine c) Administer oxygen d) Perform labs and X rays.
48. Ms. Davila is admitted to the intensive Unit. One of the most frequent complications these patients with myocardial infarction are: a) Pulmonary embolism b) Cardiac dysrhythmias c) Congestive failure d) Myocardial rupture.
49. The position of semi-Fowler in patients with increased intracranial pressure is indicated for: a) Decreases cerebral arterial flow. b) Facilitate cerebral venous drainage c) Avoid gastric regurgitation d) Prevent the diaphragm from compressing mediastinal structures.
50. Which of the following actions would NOT be carried out in a person who has convulsions? a) Protect him from curious looks. b) If possible, place it in lateral decubitus position. c) Remove furniture or objects that may be injured. d) Insert an object between the teeth to avoid biting the tongue.
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