Phonology and Contrastive

What does phonology study?. The writing of language sounds. The physical production of sounds. The organization of sounds in human languages. The translation of words between languages.

What is the basic unit of study in phonemics?. The allophone. The morpheme. The phoneme. The accent.

What does the symbol /i:/ represent in phonology?. A nasal sound. A long vowel phoneme. An allophone of /e/. A consonant sound.

What is an allophone?. A letter from the phonetic alphabet. A phonetic variant of a phoneme. A type of vowel. A grammatical symbol.

What distinguishes the phoneme /p/ in English between “paper” and “spill”?. In “paper” it is pronounced with nasalization. In “spill” it is pronounced with aspiration. In “paper” it is pronounced with aspiration. In both it is pronounced the same.

What does contrastive phonetics study?. The historical evolution of sounds. The grammatical rules of two languages. The physical differences of sounds between languages. The spelling of sounds.

What is a characteristic of the /t/ sound in English that differentiates it from Spanish?. It is dental and unaspirated. It is alveolar and aspirated. It is nasal and released. It is glottal and omitted.

What does a diacritic represent in phonetics?. A letter that changes meaning. A symbol indicating stress position. A mark that modifies the pronunciation of a sound. A punctuation mark.

What is contrastive analysis (CA)?. The comparison between dialects of the same language. The study of phonetic evolution of a language. The comparison of linguistic systems of two or more languages. Literal translation between languages.

What is an example of a phonetic difference between English and Spanish?. Both languages use the same vowel system. Spanish has more nasal sounds than English. English has sounds like /ð/ that do not exist in Spanish. Spanish has more aspirated sounds than English.

Who is considered the father of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)?. Henry Sweet. Daniel Jones. Bernard Shaw. Lionel Logue.

What does contrastive phonology focus on?. The history of phonetics. The grammar rules of two languages. The similarities and differences in sound inventories between languages. The spelling differences between languages.

What is the main cause of difficulty in learning a new language according to contrastive analysis?. Lack of vocabulary. Grammar complexity. Interference from the first language. Cultural differences.

Which of the following is a diphthong in English?. /e/. /aɪ/. /i:/. /o/.

What is the Spanish equivalent of the English rhotic sound /ɹ/?. /r/. /ɾ/. /ʁ/. /ʃ/.

Which sound does not exist in Spanish and is often replaced by /d/ or /t/?. /ʧ/. /æ/. /ð/. /ɾ/.

What is the correct representation of phonemes?. Between square brackets. Between parentheses. Between slashes. Between quotation marks.

What is the nature of phonemics according to Nasr (1977)?. Absolute and universal. Relative and abstract. Physical and concrete. Visual and symbolic.

What is the unit of study in phonetics?. Phoneme. Morpheme. Allophone. Syllable.

What does the diacritic in [pʰɔːɫ] indicate?. Stress placement. Vowel length. Aspiration and articulation details. Word meaning.

What does phonology mainly study?. The physical properties of speech sounds. The rules and patterns of sounds in a language. The written symbols of language. The anatomy of speech organs.

What is the basic unit of phonemics?. Allophone. Morpheme. Phoneme. Syllable.

Which of the following is an example of a minimal pair?. [pʰɪn] and [spɪn]. bat and pat. [t] and [tʰ]. [r] and [ɾ].

What does phonetics study?. How sounds are organized in a language. How speech sounds are physically produced and perceived. The meaning of words. The social use of language.

What are allophones?. Distinct sounds that change meaning. Variants of the same phoneme that do not change meaning. Unrelated speech sounds. Orthographic symbols.

Which sound exists in English but not in Spanish?. /ʧ/. /ð/. /ɾ/. /aɪ/.

What is the main goal of contrastive phonology?. To teach grammar rules. To compare sound systems of two languages. To study sentence stress. To identify word roots.

Which symbol indicates aspiration in phonetic transcription?. ː. ʰ. ˈ. ̪.

What does IPA stand for?. International Phonetic Alphabet. International Phonology Association. Interlanguage Phonetic Analysis. International Pronunciation Aid.

Which of the following is a diphthong in English?. /e/. /aɪ/. /i:/. /o/.