Qualitative

Qualitative research was used to observe the native and foreign _____ in the 20th century. culture. language. mind.

_____ is considered the founder of social anthropology. Mead. Malinowski. Park and Burgess.

_____ focuses on the interaction of mind, self and society. Grounded theory. Participant observation. Symbolic interactionism.

The study published in 1925, The City, emphasises on the cultural patterns of. urban life. culture. natives on Trobriand Islands.

Interaction between physical, social objects and situations in a particular social and cultural context is based on individual _____. culture. meanings. self.

Grounded theory involves the construction of theories through methodical gathering and analysis of _____. patterns. contexts. data.

_____ questions enable researcher to discover information about domains, the basic units in an informant’s cultural knowledge. Descriptive. Structural. Contrast.

The researcher is present at the scene of action but does not interact with participants. Complete participation. Moderate participation. Passive participation.

Based on the early qualitative inquiry, studies on _____ and _____ began to be researched. sociology / healthcare. education / healthcare. education / anthropology.

On the authority of Webb (1984), qualitative research in medicine was _____ but not wholly _____. acceptable / inacceptable. respectable / acceptable. unrespectable / acceptable.

For Creswell (1994), qualitative research implies a/an _____ picture of social problems. all-inclusive. partial. specific.

In the words of Merriam (2009), qualitative researchers focus on participants’ _____ of their world. research. meaning. process.

Qualitative research uses _____ approaches to generate insights into social problems that can’t be measured in a quantitative way (Curry, 2015). inductive. deductive. mixed.

Curry (2015) states that _____ sampling is used in qualitative research. cluster. random. purposeful.

In participant observation, the participants know what the researcher’s objective is. Covert. Overt. Descriptive.

Observing participants in their natural settings is based on a/an _____ approach. descriptive. naturalistic. exploratory.

_____ has to be described deeply in order to have a holistic picture of a phenomenon. Research. Participation. Data.

_____ is more relevant than _____ in qualitative research. Outcomes/process. Process/outcomes. Process/data.

_____ direction implies a researcher has to collect and examine data, and then create a theory. Top-down. Bottom-up. bottom-down.

Researchers’ _____ are checked with those of the participants to capture perspectives accurately. interpretations. perspectives. processes.

According to Illingworth, understanding the construction of _____ is crucial in research. knowledge. data. attributes.

Constructivism denies the _____ perspective of human knowledge. subjectivist. objectivist. phenomenologist.

In Subjectivism, meaning on the _____ is imposed by the _____. object/subject. subject/object. human/subject.

Objectivist is _____ of people’s opinion on it. dependent. subjective. independent.

Gallemore (2011) states that _____ want to see the world as something we build out of the way we relate to each other. constructivists. realists. cognitivists.

Phenomenological studies aim to describe the essence of _____ a phenomenon. describing. experiencing. exploring.

Hermeneutic focuses on the lived experiences _____ by the researcher. researched. built. interpreted.

In the words of Zimmermann (2016), hermeneutics as a branch of philosophy not only interprets texts but life as a _____. whole. part. data.

The power of _____ involves words and concepts that make our thoughts take shape. language. tradition. experience.

Based on symbolic interactionism, meaning gives to something is not _____, that’s to say it can change due to everyday life. meaningful. temporary. permanent.

Being a/an _____ implies being much more involved in participants’ lives. observer. interviewer. moderator.

Participants know who the researcher is and what he/she is doing. Covert. Overt. Participant.

3. _____ are reduced representations of participants’ behaviour or events. Field notes. Transcription. Interview.

This method allows for understanding participants’ context, relationships and behaviour. Focus group. Interview. Participant observation.

Dawson (2002) states that the _____ has the challenge to get a wide-ranging understanding of _____’ interpretation of the worldview. interviewee/interviewer. interviewer/interviewee. interviewer/researcher.

Based on his/her _____, the qualitative researcher chooses only a small sample size. method. judgement. context.

. A _____ refers to a number of participants gathered to talk over about the same topic. Participant observation. Depth-interview. Focus group.

In the words of Dawson (2002), odd numbers avoid to _____ in breakaway conversations. separate. join. observe.

When conducting a focus group, it is advisable to set the ground _____. rules. data. venue.

The _____ leads the conversation by asking open-ended question and the _____ takes detailed comments. interviewer/interviewee. observer/participant. moderator/note-taker.

Researching qualitatively implies the use of a _____ framework of methods and procedures to accomplish the research objectives. flexible. strict. holistic.

Phenomenology, _____ and symbolic interactionism are philosophical assumptions that conduct a research process (Crotty, 1998). constructivism. hermeneutics. subjectivism.

Dawson (2002) highlights that research _____ are tools to gather data. philosophies. methodologies. methods.

A research question has to be _____ and few in numbers in qualitative research. closed-ended. open-ended. open-closed.

_____, feasible and familiar data should be provided by a significant context. Unattainable. Inaccessible. Reachable.

. Purposive sampling implies describing instead of _____. taking a broad view. detailing. specifying.

The sample size in qualitative studies is selected _____. at random. based on researcher’s judgement. randomly.

. In the words of Dawson (2002), ____ sample is a non-probabilistic version of stratified sample. quota. snowball. theoretical.

In theoretical sample key words are identified and then it is decided _____ data to collect and _____ to find it. what/where. where/what. what/when.

Wolcott states that after _____, the process can be generalised using extracts of the data. interpreting. analysing. describing.

_____ are techniques and strategies used to collect data. Methods. Methodologies. Data sources.

People, organisations, texts, _____, objects and events are data sources (Mason, 2002). samples. artefacts. settings.

When data sources have been identified, _____ have to be designed. instruments. data. methodologies.

A researcher has to achieve a _____ between talking and listening. analysis. collection. balance.

Observation is conducted in a _____ setting. lab. natural. artificial.

Documents are _____ sources to get data. primary. secondary. tertiary.

Qualitative data analysis has to focus on participants’ _____. issues. sample. interpretation.

A/An _____ is a list that includes themes generating from data. coding scheme. sampling size. instrument.

Categories and relationships between categories are identified in _____. constant comparison. analytic induction. typological analysis.

In _____, frequency of codes is counted to identify incidence. enumeration. constant comparison. typological analysis.

Going back to data analysis lets to generate new _____. methods. findings. processes.

Visual material aims to _____ difficult data instead of _____. explain/simplifying. explain/misperceiving. confuse/misperceiving.

Do not over-emphasise when given _____ explanations about findings. personal. social. theoretical.

SAGE (2009) focuses on presenting _____, evaluating procedures and reflecting on future considerations. statistics. findings. data.

The interaction between researcher and study is as important as the interaction between _____ and _____. researcher/participants. researcher/findings. researcher/readers.

When reporting a qualitative study, O’Brien et al. (2014) focuses on title and abstract, introduction; _____, findings and discussion. units of study. research questions. methods.

Dawson (2002) suggests written report, journal articles and ____ to present findings. oral presentations. written presentations. written dissertations.

Too many grammatical and spelling mistakes make a _____ report fails. oral. written. verbal.

Checking on submission guidelines is a good idea when write a/an ____. oral presentation. journal article. written report.

Getting cross when presenting a/an ____ is not advisable. journal article. oral presentation. written report.

Qualitative research was used to observe the native and foreign…. In the 20th century (REVISAR LA RESPUESTA SIN SUBRAYAR). Language. Culture. Mind.

……….. focuses on the interaction of mind, self and society. Grounded theory. Symbolic interactionism. Participant observation.

Interaction between physical, social objects and situations in a particular social and cultural context is based on individual………. Culture. Meanings. Self.

The researcher is present at the scene of action but does not interact with participants. Passive participation. Moderate participation. Complete participation.

………….. questions enable researcher to discover information about domains, the basic units in an informant’s cultural knowledge(verificar la pregunta xq esta mal escogido). Structural. Contrast. Descriptive.

Lesly curry She explains that qualitative research is a strategy to collect, organize and interpret textual information that is difficult to measure. On a daily basis. On large quantity. Quantitatively.

Qualitative research approach is. Inductive. Deductive. Mixed.

One of the products of qualitative research is …………. Statistics. Survey instruments. Lots of data.

For creswell 1994 qualitative research implies a/an …….. picture of social problems. All inclusive. Partial. Specific.

A qualitative study is defined as an inquiry process of understanding a social of human problem, based on………. Researcher’s opinions. Obtaining data. Building a complex holistic picture.

In the words of Merriam 2009 qualitative researchers focus on participants’………… of their world. Process. Research. Meaning.

One characteristic of qualitative research include that the study design is often ………….. collected in the natural . Structured. Pre-determined. Emergent.

Ethnography is the study of social _____ within organisations and communities. interactions. languages. cultures.

_____ conducted ethnographic research in Samoa. Mead. Malinowski. Park and Burgess.

For an ethnographer, it is important to look at the culture from the perspective of the ____. object. subject. data.

Doing fieldwork implies participant observation, ethnographic _____ and site documents. observation. interviews. questionnaires.

Ethnography can be affected by _____. preferences. benefits. data.

Ethnography usually focuses on _____ cases, maybe just one, but in detail. many. a wide range of. few.

High degree of _____ agility is required to understand issues and facts involved in an ethnographic research. interpretative. participant. contrasting.

Be _____ and supportive towards the views and opinions of the subjects. tactful. tactless. careless.

Do not cross the _____ boundaries when conducting ethnographic research. political. social. ethical.

A good researcher _____ and _____ with target audiences in their real-life environment. relates / interacts. observes/examines. observes/interacts.

Action research focuses on _____ collection to bring about social changes. data. interaction. situation.

In the words of Lewin, research and _____ meet one to solve a problema. data. action. change.

_____ implies reflective practice. Change. Concern. Consideration.

Doing action research involves _____ situations rather than _____ studies. existent / experimental. false / experimental. experimental / real.

Action research cycle consists of planning, _____, developing and reflecting stages. developing. acting. collecting.

_____ makes participants be aware of the importance of the Project. Reflecting on the process. Sharing results. Collecting data.

Action research improves learning consciously based on systematic _____. reflection. participation. data.

Action research gathers _____ previously defining _____. data/literature. literature/data. data/information.

A drawback of action research is _____. systematic reflection. amount of work. conscious learning.

In the light of conventional researchers, flexibility is a/an _____ of action research. opportunity. weakness. strength.

To carry out an ethnography study, the researcher needs to be immersed in a particular community or organization to observe their behavior and interactions up close. *. False. True.

Action research is used for various purposes except: *. school restructuring. professional development. school-based curriculum development. teacher evaluation practice.

What is the correct order of the steps within the stages of action research ? *. Identifying a problem, reviewing the literature, devising a plan and collecting data, interpreting data, developing an action research plan, and evaluating results and reflecting. Identifying a problem, reviewing the literature, devising a plan and collecting data, creating an action research plan, interpreting data, evaluating results and reflecting. Creating an action research plan, devising an plan and collecting the data, identifying a problem, reviewing the literature, evaluating results and reflecting. Devising a plan and collecting the data, creating an action research plan, reflecting, identifying a problem, reviewing the literature.

The question "What aspects did and did not work?" is an example of the………….part of the phases of the action research cycle. *. reflecting. planning. acting.

Which of the following would not be a well-focused action research question?. How effective is direct instruction for number recognition among kindergarten students to improve performance on unit tests?. What is the effect of self-selection stories on increasing the interest in reading of first grade students?. Why is first grade students’ knowledge of vocabulary words not be reflected when writing complex texts?. What impact does collaborative learning have on elementary school students' conflict resolution skills?.

Participant observation and is important method because it provides……….although this may cause ……………..to appear in the collected data. *. naturally and contextualized occurring data/ information bias. relevant and contextualized occurring data based on the skills of the researchers/ ethical problems.

Reasons for performing action research are: *. To integrate theory into practice, to promote professional growth, to record research observations to solve a problem. To promote personal and professional growth, to learn why we apply certain techniques, to provide opportunity for practitioner certainty. To promote personal and professional growth, to improve practice to enhance student learning, and to create a potential impact in school change.

Action research is an …………………….. that involves ……………..of his/her own practices. Ongoing process/ teacher application. Open-ended process/teacher theory. Ongoing process/teacher reflection.

What is Ethnography? *. Ethnography is a qualitative research method that helps to understand how the mind and behavior of a particular group work. Ethnography is a qualitative research method that helps to understand the development and functioning of society. Ethnography is a qualitative research method that helps to understand a culture, norms, values, behaviors and social environment of a group. Ethnography is a qualitative research method that helps understand human societies, cultures and their development.

The following are advantages of ethnography except..... *. Ethnography ethnographies can account for the complexity of group behaviours, reveal interrelationships among several dimensions of group interactions, and provide context for behaviors. Ethnography gives the researcher direct access to the culture and practices of a group. Ethnography can offer a rich narrative account of a specific culture, allowing you to explore many different aspects of the group and setting. Ethnography is a useful approach for learning first-hand about people`s behavior which provides large quantities of data that can be processed easily and effectively.

…………………………….is the most acclaimed anthropologist in the realm of the twentieth century. He is recognised as one of the original authors of contemporary social anthropology and reinvented the practice of intensive fieldwork. *. Kurt Lewin. Edward Sapir. Bronislaw Malinowski. Paul Willis. Franz Boas.

In the words of Merriam (2009), a case study implies an in-depth description and analysis of a phenomenon in its _____ context. real-life. fake. unrealistic.

Frédéric Le Play was so interested on the family and its _____ controversies. social. environmental. technological.

Human personality and _____ studies based on patients’ private lives were conducted by Sigmund Freud. discipline. behaviour. learning.

A/an _____ approach studies the society using experiments and statistics; that´s to say, from a scientific perspective. realism. empiricism. positivism.

_____ is any deviation, intentional or unintentional, in the research process that can cause false results. Bias. Preconceived notion. Insight.

Case studies can be used in _____ studies in their natural settings. individual. unusual. collective.

Yin (2003) proposes a cross-case report in order to compare and contrast cases, and in doing so, produce new _____. results. knowledge. reports.

Providing detailed qualitative information and deriving new hypotheses are _____ of a case study. benefits. drawbacks. annoyances.

. Taking _____ time and _____ to replicate are disadvantages of a case study. short / inconveniences. long / inconveniences. long / facilities.

Case studies are often criticised on the scientific grounds because of its lack of _____. subjectivity. objectivity. bias.

In the words of Husserl (1970), phenomenological research focuses on _____ rather than _____, based on a perspective free from preconceptions or bias. description/explanation. explanation/description. description/application.

Gathering data in phenomenological research uses qualitative methods such as in-depth interviews and _____. questionnaires. participant observation. polls.

Phenomenology aims to find the essence of a phenomenon by exploring it from an individual’s _____. skills. objectiveness. perception.

_____ studies a phenomenon as a unit of analysis. Life world research. Post-intentional phenomenology. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA).

_____ phenomenology focuses on the what of a phenomenon. Hermeneutic. Transcendental. Bracketing.

In _____ phenomenology, the observer participates in the research and there is not bias free. transcendental. subjective. hermeneutic.

_____ puts aside one’s own belief about a phenomenon under investigation. Intuiting. Bracketing. Analyzing.

_____ means that intentionality and intentional object are closely related. Intuiting. Describing. Bracketing.

Phenomenological research emphasises on _____ the way of being of an individual. relating. clearing up. intuiting.

Phenomenology is often praised because of its _____. rich data. pure bracketing. bias.

Grounded theory (GT) focuses on the generation of a theory, based on _____ that has been collected and analysed methodically. data. approach. setting.

GT could be applied in all areas of human _____ activity. biological. physical. social.

Theoretical _____ is a tool that generates theoretical insights by refining categories. coding. analysis. sampling.

In-depth interview, participant observation and focus group collect _____ and valuable data. exhaustive. superficial. meaningless.

_____ implies describing the data in lines. Setting. Sampling. Coding.

Literature review _____ the adequacy of the grounded theory analysis. evaluates. describes. collects.

_____ ideas in other contexts makes possible to ground a theory. Assessing. Testing. Coding.

Current theories can be _____ when grounded theory is conducted. kept on. transformed. remained.

Coding permits to group data into _____. codes. hypotheses. categories.

Analysing the literature without developing assumptions is a _____ that grounded theory has. drawback. benefit. plus.

In grounded theory, interviews are done until _________. Saturation is reached. Participants are complete. Information is categorized.

Grounded theory studies ………………..with some kind of process and based on data systematically obtained it generates .................. People´s experiences/ theory. Human´s perceptions / solutions. People´s experiences / analysis.

The following are characteristics of transcendental phenomenology except. Reflects and interpret the participants´ experiences with the phenomenon. Understands the phenomena by descriptive means. Use bracketing to avoid subjectivity. Makes the observer stands apart.

In data analysis for grounded theory, researches use constant___________ to determine consistency in coding the data. comparative analysis. data collection. sampling analysis.

_____ puts aside researcher´s biases and preconceived notions in order to have a clear understanding how the phenomenon occurs. Bracketing. Induction. Intuition.

Instead of bracketing off the researcher’s subjective perspective, ___________ recognizes that the researcher, like the research subject, cannot be rid of his/her lifeworld. Hermeneutic phenomenology. Transcendental phenomenology.

An example of a research question for a transcendental phenomenology research is________________. What are Colombian immigrants´ experiences being exposed to covid 19 as interpret in personal diaries?. What are Colombian immigrants´ experiences being exposed to covid 19?. How much do Colombian immigrants experiences with covid 19 help to understand this phenomenon?.

Coding permits to group data into _____. categories. codes. sampling.

In phenomenology, the first step in data analysis is called ……………. which consist of taking significant statements or quotes from transcripts to describe elements of the participants´ experiences. Horizonalization. Textual description. Essential structure.

Phenomenology seeks to describe the …………of a phenomenon by exploring it from an individual’s _____. essence/ perspective. goal/ knowledge. essential part / objectiveness.

Which of the following questions addresses the core phenomenon in an interview for grounded theory research?. What influenced the process to occur?. What was the process?. What were the results of the strategies?.

A researcher interprets texts to explore lived experience through__________. Hermeneutic phenomenology. Transcendental phenomenology. Post intentional phenomenology.

In this step, researchers recruit a new group of participants that are similar to the original participants and conduct the same interview. This belongs to _______. Grounded theory. Phenomenological research.

Limitations of grounded theory are the following, except _______. It can be difficult to apply statistical analysis. It can be difficult to recruit participants. Analysis can be difficult. There may be bias.

Howitt and Cramer (2011) focuses on the following principles that have to be considered when grounded theory is conducted: Constant comparison, coding, categorisation, memo writing. Review of literature, foster creativity, systematic approach to analyse data. Constant comparison, categorisation, generalizations, exhaustive process.

Gathering data in phenomenological research uses qualitative methods such as _____. participant observation and focus groups. in-depth interviews and participant observation. polls and in depth interviews.

Which statement is not part of the ethical considerations for an interview. Explain the purpose of the interview. Be strict and follow your questionnaire. Obtain interviewee’s consent first of all. Protect participants’ privacy.

A_____ refers to a number of a participants gathered to talk over about the same topic*. Participan observation. Depth-interview. Focus group.

Based on his/her _____ the qualitative researcher chooses only a small sample size. Method. Judgement. Context.

Being a/an ____ implies being much more involved in participants’ lives. Observer. Interviewer. Moderator.

_____ are reduced representations of participants’ behaviour or events. Field notes. Transcriptions. Interviews.

When participant observation is conducted, you can interrupt the participants’ activity without any problem because they already know you and interview needs to be interactive. True. False.

This method allows the researcher to understand people’s context relationships and behaviour. Focus group. Interview. Participant observation.

Select one weakness that is NOT part of Depth interview. Participants may be uncnformable in a group setting. Be susceptible to bias. Time consuming.

Participants know who the researcher is and what he/she is doing. Covert participant observation. Overt participant observation. Convert participant observation.

The _____ leads the conversation by asking open-ended question and the ____ writes detailed comments. Interviewer/interviewee. Observer/participant. Moderator/note-taker.

When conducting a focus group, it is advisable to set the ground _____. Rules. Data. Venues.

The tools used for analysing qualitative research are _____. Analytical induction and constant comparision. Numerical data and statistical realtionships. Enumeration and correlation analysis.

What makes a good qualitative research question?. Being able to discover problems and opportunities from respondents. Open-ended in nature. Easy to understand and digest with no need for clarification. All of the above.

_______ are reduced representations of participants’. behavior or events. Transcription. Interview. Fieldnotes.

The ____ leads the conversation by asking open-ended questions and the ___ takes detailed comments. Interviewer/interviewer. Moderator/note-taker. Observer/participant.

______ is created from perceptions knowledge meaning and truth exist within human consciousness. Subjectivism. Objectivism. Constructivism.

_____ implies organizing and interpreting data considering participants? and points of view. Data analysis. Data collection. Data storage.

_____usually refers to the sum of outcomes, rather than the conclusions or recommendations drawn from them. Findings. Data. Techniques.

_____ obsevation is factual and based on obsevation and measurements. Subjetive. Objetive. Constructive.

According to the inductive approach the first stage of qualitative research is. Observation. Pattern. Theory. Tentative Hypothesis.

According to George Herbet Med the development of the individual was a social process likewise the meaning individual assing to things and this conception is kept nowadays about symbolic interactionsim. True. False.

It explains the individual and the society as well as their interaction with others. Symbolic interactionism. Qualitative research. Anthropology.

In the ____ the researcher might be either known or unknown by the subjects who are being studied in their natural setting. Descriptive research. Inductive research. Naturalistic research.

In qualitative studies _____ has/have to be set since data and analyses are base on participants. Honor participant’s privacy. Negotations with participants. Codes of ethics. Commitments whit participants.

Examples of _____include a sequence of events, features of a place, recordings made by individual or group of individuals, or a piece of Wood. Data. Techniques. Strategies.

Qualitative research is a strategy ____ in order to understans and describe in detail phenomena that are difficualt to measure quantitatively. To collect, organize and interpret textual information systematically. To collect and interpret. To collect systematically.

Participants do not know who the researcher is and what he/she is doing. Overt participant obsevation. Onvert participant observation. Covert participant observation.

The study ‘The city’’ published in 1925 was considered systematic but unscientific in those days. True. False.

The three epistemological dimensions suggested by crotty (1998) are. Objectivism, constructivism, subjectivism. Understand the human operations of human understanding, understand the conditions of the possibility, understand how modern science could be justified by appeal to sensory experience. Origin nature methods and imits of human knowledge. Objectivism constructivism complexity.

Submitting a short summary of the ____ to an editor might be a significant and rewarding task. Written report. Oral presentation. Article.

Select one weakness that is not part of a Depth interview. Time-consuming method. Be susceptible to bias. Participants may be uncomformable in a group setting.

The ____ implies using a discussion guide which highlights the respondent?s views through open-ended questioning<br/>Observation. In-depth interviews. Focus group. Observation.

Symbolic interactionism____ a full theory because it is restricted to study more interactions between individuals in fact it Works whit the same prospective as sociology. Is not considered. Is considered. Has been considered.

A list of all the themes generating from th data is called a ____. Number coding. Symbolic coding. Coding scheme.

A _____ refers to a number of participants gathered to talk over about the same topic. Focus group. Participant observation. Depth-interview.

At the beginning of the 21 st century, qualitative research was used as a method of inquiry by some anthropologists and sociologists. True. False.

When participant observation is conducted, you can interrupt the participants’ activity without any problem because they already know you. True. False.

Which methodologies can be referred to as subjectivist?( aquí son dos respuestas ). Surveys. Experimental studies. Longitudinal studies. Cross-sectional studies. None of the above.

Narrative research permits to structure people’s _____ into meaningful data. narratives. experiences. categories.

The use of narratives or _____ aims to go in depth of participant’s identity and lifestyle. stories. codes. samples.

Vygotsky affirmed that human mind responds to a _____ social environment. static. static. changeable.

Bakhtin´s philosophy assured that human _____ are not produced isolated from surrounding environment and own awareness. dialogues. codes. lifestyles.

The _____ participant’s experiences permit to have an organised sequence of events. categorical. dimensional. chronological.

Before selecting a type of narrative design, it is important to focus on _____ will provide the story. where. who. what.

When conducting narrative research, the first step is to identify the _____ of the research. data. problem. benefit.

Stories can be collected from written sources, such as _____. photographs. records. field texts.

_____ facilitates the reader to comprehend the story in a chronological way. Writing. Reading. Restoring.

Having a “voice” implies to assure the narrative data. drawback. benefit. downside.

Feminist researchers emphasise on the need to focus on _____ not _____. subjects/objects. subjects/people. objects/subjects.

_____ argues that women like her suffer not only for blackness but also for womaness. Mary Wallstonecraft. Sojourner Truth. Jean Baker Miller.

_____ argues for the women’s right to vote. Mary Wallstonecraft. Sojourner Truth. Nancy F. Cott.

_____ perspective insists on the need to recognise women’s attributes and experiences. Liberal. Socialist. Radica.

Political and economic oppression of women respond to _____ ideology. capitalism. socialism. communism.

Men oppress women as a sign of male superiority. Socialist. Radical. Liberal.

_____ focuses on ethical considerations and researcher’s judgement and practices. Ethics of care. Reflexivity. Attentiveness.

Gender is not only a _____ in a feminist research design, but also a reference for change. indicator. variable. dimension.

Gender identity is a _____ construct. biological. social. natural.

A _____ of feminist research lies in the degradation of the men’s image. plus. drawback. pro.