What are the Cardiovascular disease risk factors? Blood lipids; Insulin resistance; homocysteine C-Reactive protein; blood pressure Obesity; smoking; sedentarism All are correct.
Development of artherosclerosis can cause: Better blood pressure Impedes blood flow Narrowsw the arterial opening B and C are correct.
Can the paternal weight status can affect the offspring BMI ? Yes, but only is important the mother´s BMI Yes, but only is important the father´s BMI Yes, but only is important the grandfathers´s BMI Yes, both father and mother´s BMI.
Can the practice of PA reduce the weight gain during pregnancy ? Yes, and also gestational diabetes No, there are not enough evidence. Yes , but taking drugs Yes, A is correct and the macrosomia and cesarea can be reduced too.
What are the healthy values for the birth wieght? 3.000 g and 4.500g 2.000g and 4.000g 2.500g and 4.000g It is not important the birth weight.
High intensity resistance training performed over the second and third trimester of pregnancy: Does not have a negative impact on the newborn’s body size or overall health. Can have a negative impact on the newborn’s body size or overall health It is forbidden in this stage B and C are correct.
Having a healthier body composition in childhood and adolescence: Is associated with a low cardiovascular profile Is associated with a healthier cardiovascular profile Is associated with a healthier cardiovascular profile and a high blood pressure Is associated with a healthier cardiovascular profile and a lower risk of mortality.
A low cardio respiratory fitness and hypertension have the higher risk of mortality due to pathologies ( Blair 2009): False. It is diabetes and obesity False. It is high cholesterol and smoking Yes, they have the higher risk of mortality All are incorrect.
Blood pressure= Blood Flow x Peripheral resistance Cardiac expenditure = Systolic volume x FC Resistance of arterioles All are correct.
Exercise reduce Norepinephrine Yes, and it is good, because norepinephrine increase blood pressure Yes, and it is bad, because norepinephrine decreases blood pressure Yes, but norepinephrine has not effect on blood pressure All are incorrect.
If you have to recommend a type of training for hypertension people which would you recommend? Combined training HIT Isometric resistance training All are correct.
The contraindications said that valsalva manoeuvre in hypertension people: Can do it without problems Can not do it Can do during short intensive exercise situations. All are incorrect.
The endurance training has better results than resistance training in hypertension people Yes, the endurance training has better results but not more than isometric Yes, but when they do combined No, the resistance training has better results No, the best option is the HIT.
Physical fitness is very useful to diagnoses fibromyalgia False, because you can not diagnoses fibromyalgia Yes, and one good example is through the senior test False, the physical fitness is not a good indicator Yes, but they have to do in a swimming pool with hot water.
Results in physical fitness in a fibromyalgia person are Better than in normal people of his age The same than in normal people of his age Similar to the results of elderly people Similar to the results of young people.
Exercise in fibromyalgia people can improve The pain, the fatigue and sleep quality The fatigue can only be improved through aerobic training The fatigue can only be improved through mediative exercise Only the sleep quality is strong demonstrated.
Recommendation for fibromyalgia people: The high impact exercise is recommended The activity in hot water is recommended They have to avoid strength activities All are incorrect.
Meditative exercise has a strong improvement in health for fibromyalgia people True because improves the fatigue, pain and sleep quality. False, not more than the aerobic and resistant training True, but only in hot water True, but the have to do 5 days a week to achieve benefits.
Diabetes type 2 can be caused by: Physical activity, healthy diet and fitness It is not related with good or bad life habits Physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and being overweight or obese It is caused overall by genetics.
The risk of diabetes type 2 is related with the amount of METs you can do 1 MET higher in cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with a 8% of lower risk of diabetes type 2 1 MET higher in cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with a 8% of higher risk of diabetes type 2 1 MET lower in cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with a 8% of lower risk of diabetes type 2 The MET in cardiorespiratory fitness has not relation with the risk of diabetes type 2.
The amount of aerobic exercise for diabetes people It is better more than 60 min per day and with more than 2 days consecutive without exercise It is better less than 60 min per day without days without aerobic exercise You can encourage with a pedometer or accelerometer B and C are correct.
The best moment of the day to do physical activity for diabetes people One or two hour after meals On the morning without taking breakfast Does not matter One hour before meals.
The periods of aerobic exercise for sedentary people who have diabetes It is better long periods in once It is better shorter periods in more than once a day The duration and times per day does not matter A is correct but taking into account the heart rate.
If you have a level of basal glycaemia Less than 100 mg/dl you have to eat carbohydrates before doing exercise More than 250 mg/dl you have to postpone the exercise. The levels of glycaemia does not matter A and B are correct.
If a diabetes person do exercises of short duration and high intensity It is recommended to finish without doing anything more It is recommended to finish with a low intensity aerobic exercise It is recommended eating carbohydrates B is false because when you finish a high intensity exercise you have spend all the glucose on your blood.
If we increase the muscle mass in diabetes people They can reduce the possibility of having insulin resistance It can be increased with strength training. It can decrease the levels of glucose on blood All are correct.
A 50 % of cancers are caused by Smoking, overweight/obesity and physical inactivity Good life habits The higher pollution of citys All are correct.
How can we know the relation between steps and physical activity levels? If you do more than 10.000 steps per day you are active If you do less than 5.000 steps per day you are inactive If you do between 5.000 and 9.999 you do not achieve the recommendations All are correct.
For people with cancer the physical activity is recommend Only after the treatment, because before can cause cardiovascular problems Only before the treatment, because after can alternate the treatment Before, during and after the treatment Only during, because is when can have more effect.
The collective classes are the best option for cancer survivors True, thanks to the motivation and the aerobic component True, but only aerobic music classes like Zumba True, but only strength training like Crossfit False, it is better to individualized or little groups.
What type of exercise would you recommend for a cancer survivor? Osteogenic activates controlled like jumps Only aerobic exercise in water because the can not have impacts A pilates program based on aerobic, strength and stretching A and C are correct.
The pregnant have to avoid Contact activities like sport in which they can impact or falling Supine position but they can do inclined supine position in a fitball or a bench They can do the same things than normal people A and B are correct.
What kind of training would you recommend to a pregnant HIT Concurrent training which means strength plus aerobic in the same session Pelvic floor muscle training B and C are correct.
What exercise of strength is strongly recommended to a pregnant? Dead-lift Crunch abdominal Every exercise does in a supine position All are correct.
Should exercise be prescribed during the intervention (chemotherapy)? Yes, because it encourages molecular cascades Yes, because it reduces fatigue
No, because it can lead to systemic alterations and increase risk Yes, but more research should be done in the future.
Is cancer a disease? Yes, and it is named by the cell-typed affect Yes, because it has a high percentage of death No, cancer is a group of nearly 200 diseases No, it is a disorder related with nervous system.
Cancer is aged-dependent but a physically active adult has less risk of suffer it so older adults are more likely to suffer it so it does not take into account healthy habits and physical activity has not effect in prevention.
Does physical activity improve survivors’ quality of life No, physical activity only has conservative effect. Yes, some recognized studies has shown it Yes, but reducing PA guidelines by half No, PA in survivors is said to be harmfu.
Which approximate percentage of breast cancer survivors meet PA guidelines 95% 55% 65% 35%.
What percentage of pregnant women meets the general PA recommendations 30% 60% 20% None.
What kind of physical activity a pregnant women should avoid? None, all kind of physical activity improve the pregnant women health Aerobic training Sport that have high probability of falls o impacts All are incorrect.
Which of the following are common postpartum complaints and diseases Low back and pelvic girdle pain Pelvic floor pain Sexual dysfunction All are correct.
In which phase of pregnancy can gestational diabetes appear? First half of gestation Second half of gestation Never In any month of the pregnancy.
What type or types of diabetes produce insulin but can’t use it well? Type 1 Type 2 Both types None is correct.
How often does a person with diabetes must exercise? It can not take more than 1 day, since the effect of the exercise on the glut 4 transporter lasts between 2 and 24h. It can not take more than 3 days, since the effect of the exercise on the glut 4 transporter lasts between 12 and 72 h It can not take more than 2 days, since the effect of the exercise on the glut 4 transporter lasts between 2 and 48 h None is correct.
What percentage of diabetes risk is reduced with the increase of 1 METs? 8% 5% 10% 20%.
Which type of countries has the higher prevalence of diabetes? Low-Income Lower-middle income Upper-middle income High-income.
Low CRF is a arisk factor for CVD disease In children In adults False In children and adults.
Muscular strength is a predictor of cardiovascular health in youth Yes No Yes but in adults Yes but if you are physically active.
Physical activity during pregnancy does not influence birth weight Correct Correct but in underweight women False Correct but in overweight children.
Exercise training can improve muscular stregth in the elderly Yes but only in you are health Correct False Correct but only if you are 80 years old.
Preschool – aged children… Should be active throughout the day Should not play Should do just 1h/d of activity Should play slowly.
School-aged children and adolescents Should do vigorous physical activity on at least 5 days Should do 30 min/d MVPA Should not do muscle-strengthening physcal activity Should do 60 min/d or more of MVPA.
Adults... Should do 300 min/w vigorous PA Should do 150-300 min/w MVPA Should not do muscle strengthening Should do balance every single day.
Older adults… Should not do multicomponent physical activity Should just dance Should not run Should do balance, aerobic and muscle-strengthening.
Active cool-down is…? Involuntary exercise performed after training Low moderate exercise performed withing 1 h afeter training No voluntary exercise performed after exercise All correct.
Passive cool-down is…? An activity that involves no or minimun voluntary movement Massage Stretching All are correct.
Active recovery improves perfomance Yes but after >4 hours Does not improve performance after 5 hours YES, but when the time between performance is <30 min All correct.
Active cool-down removes blood lactate faster Results are conflicting Functional benefit of faster lactate removal is debatable Yes in some studies and no in others All are correct.
Active cool-down prevents muscle soreness Only in women In Young elite athletes In recreationally active indicviduals Active recovery dos not have an effect on muscle soreness.
Active cool-down improves neuromuscular function and contráctil properties Correct False Only in profesional athletes In profesional soccer players.
Active cool-down prevents the decrease in range of motion after exercise Correct Active cool-down is good after downhill running False In children.
Active cool-down results in a faster recovery of the cardiovascular system after exercise In men Only in women Correct It reduces in the incidence of post-exercise syncope.
Active cool-down results in a fast recovery of core temperature Not when performed on a stationary bike No if it is performed while moving Passive cool-down is better All correct.
Recovery of hormone concentrations is faster after active cool-down Correct Active cool-down slower restoration of plasma adrenaline Yes but in soccer players False, it does not have an effect of hormones concentration.
The mood state, self perception and sleep is better aver active cool-down Always Never In untrained individuals In trained high elite athletes.
Active cool-down prevents injury Correct- in dance aerobics instructors Not in runners Not in triathletes All are correct.
Foam Rolling after exercise is performed to Reduce muscle soreness Attenuate the reduced range of motion after exercise Improve agility performance in soccer players All correct.
Active recovery is good It depends on the type of cool-down performed It depends on the exercise that precedes the cool down It depends on the training experience of the individuals It depends on the individual preferences and believes All are correct.
In summary: active cool down is Largely ineffective for most psychophysiological makers Adds benefits to passive cool-down Offer some benefits compared with a passive cool-down All are correct.
Which of this risk factors can produce hypertension? Genetic factors Insulin resistance and inflammation/oxidative stress Environmental factors (diet,exercise) All are correct.
Exercise acan reduce blood pressure by increasing the production of: Nitric oxide Renin and angiostensin II A and B are correct All are incorrect.
In sedentary,OW or OB postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure the higher benefits pf exercise in rate pressure are obteined with an energy expediture of: 5 kcal/kg/week 7 kcal/kg/week 12 kcal/kg/week 9 kcal/kg/week.
The most useful exercise for reducing systolic blood pressure is: Aerobic exercise Resistance training Isometric exercise All are correct.
It is demonstrated that the risk of having high blood pressure is greater in: Adolescents with greater aerobic capacity whose parents have hypertension Adolescents with greater aerobic capacity Adolescents lower aerobic capcaity but only if their parents have hypertension Adolescents with lower aerobic capacity independently of their parent's condition.
What risk of mortality is the most common among others, and the most predictor of death, related to cardiovascular diseases? Cardiorespiratory fitness Hypertension Being obese Being sedentary.
In which period can we guess the possibility of developing CVD? When a child has just been born Before a child date birth During childhood When is an adolescent.
Which of these sentences is correct? A better CF and muscular strength are associated with a worse cardiovascular profile in children and adolescents A better Only CF is associated with a better cardiovascular profile in children and adolescents None of the sentences is correct A better CF and muscular strength are associated with a better cardiovascular profile in children and adolescents.
Which is the main lipid that is deposited in the plaque during atherosclerosis? Very-low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) High-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) Low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) Intermediate-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (IDL-C).
Which is the equation to define the blood pressure? Blood pressure = blood flow x peripheral resistance Blood pressure = stroke volume x heart rate Blood pressure = Cardiac output x peripheral resistance Sentences a and c are correct.
Choose the correct sentence Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are associated with an activation of the sympathetic nervous system Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance don´t have any relation with the activation of any nervous system type Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are associated with an activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. The NO is a powerful vasoconstrictor.
Related to exercise and hypertension, which were the evidences about yoga? Yoga didn´t have any strong evidence related to hypertension Yoga is a mind body therapy that reduces stress Yoga offers numerous health benefits such as alleviating chronic pain, maintaining balance, blood glucose control and a good posturing B and c are both correct.
What is the blood pressure limit to begin pharmacotherapy before regular PA is initiated? A blood pressure > 190/120 mmHg A blood pressure > 180/105 mmHg A blood pressure > 80/45 mmHg A blood pressure > 200/100 mmHg.
Which is the main component of the basal metabolic rate? Blood glucose level Bone density Skeletal muscle Adipose tissue .
Which is the percentage of the basal metabolic rate expenditure approximately? 70% 80% 60% 50%.
Active recovery improves performance when the time between performance is… More than four hours Less than 3 hours Less than four hours More than five hours.
Select the false sentence related to guidelines for an active cool-down Involve dynamic activities performed at a low to moderate metabolic intensity to increase blood flow, but prevent development of substantial additional fatigue Involve low to moderate mechanical impact to prevent the development of (additional) muscular damage and delayed onset muscular soreness Be shorter than approximately 45 min to prevent substantial interference with glycogen resynthesis Involve exercise that is preferred by the individual athlete.
What do we have to take into account when we do aerobic training with patients who suffer fibromyalgia? To train big muscle groups To consider a low osteoarticular impact A and b are correct To design extended sessions.
Which of the following is not a psychological function in fibromyalgia patients? Resilience Declarative memory Catastrophizing Fatigue.
How often a diabetic person has to practise physical activity? Once every two days because the exercise effect among Glut- 4 transporters lasts 2 days Once every three days because the exercise effect among Glut- 4 transporters lasts three days It doesn´t mind how often she/he does physical activity while meeting the guidelines None of the answers are correct. .
Which of these hyperglycaemia symptoms is not common? Blurry vision Frequent urination Headaches Chronic pain.
How can we conduct diabetes, once we know we have it? Reducing body weight Ingesting less glucose for damaging beta cells as little as possible All of them are correct Creating a pharmacologic method. .
In which stage of the cancer disease do we have affected nodes from the lymphatic system? Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4.
How many steps to be an active person you have to walk per day? < 5000 steps 6000 steps 12500 steps 10000- 12499 steps.
What do we have to take into account when we are going to train a patient? Before a prescription of exercise, we have to do a diagnose of fitness level We have to request the medical record We have to design the training without consideration A and b would the better options.
What represents the highest percentage of body energy expenditure? Thermogenesis produced by food Basal metabolic Number of calories expended during daily movement that is not categorized as structure exercise A and C .
How can we influence a person's basal metabolism as coaches? With resistance training Making a diet Changing your body composition with strength training that generates more muscle mass Increasing the hours you train a day.
How can we know the energy expenditure during the exercise? Measuring the heart rate of that person and associating it with a VO2max and so we will know the individualized intensity for that person in that exercise and multiply it by the time of exercise. Measuring the amount of blood glucose Measuring the minutes of exercise you do All are incorrect.
What is necessary to lose weight? Spend less calories than you consume Spend the same calories as you consume Spend more calories than you consume All are incorrect.
NEAT (number of calories expended during daily movement that is not categorized as structured exercise): Is into BMR (basal metabolic rate) Is a part of energy expenditure A and B are correct A and B are false.
You are very active if you do… moderate exercise 1-3 days week very heavy exercise o hard labor job heavy exercise 6-7 days week All are correct.
If you want to lose weight… Input must be bigger than output Input must be smaller than output Output must be the same input A and C are correct.
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