Spacecraft

1. Using a high specific impulse propulsion allows to: a) Lower the dry mass of a satellite. b) Lower the electric power requirements. c) Lower the mass of propellant. d) Increase the thrust.

2. In a heat balance of satellite on LEO one can ignore: a) Earth radiation. b) Albedo. c) Sun radiation. d) All of them have to be taken into account.

3. Which environmental factor has the major negative influence on the lifetime of on-board electronic devices?. a) Vacuum. b) Cosmic radiation. c) Accelerations. d) Using a dated technology.

4. Safety coefficient: a) Is between 0 and 1. b) Have to be greater than 1. c) For space mission have to greater than 10. d) Always equals 1.

5. The influence of residual atmosphere causes the major attitude disturbance to the altitude of about: a. Lower than 2000 km. b. Lower than 500 km. c. Lower than 10000 km. d. Every altitude.

6. What is the minimum oxygen level during the man’s space flight?. a. 0.18. b. 0.21. c. 0.1. d. 0.05.

7. Sitting man is able to withstand the highest acceleration when its acting in a direction. a. To the front. b. To the back. c. Up. d. Sideway.

8. Is the regeneration of solar cells possible on orbit?. a. Only during the service mission. b. No. c. The regenerates automatically. d. There is no need.

9. Space element of space mission consists of: a. Payload. b. Bus. c. Bus and payload. d. Bus, payload and the rocket.

10. As a secondary power source can be used: a. Nickel-polymer battery. b. Ion-lithium batteries. c. Nickel-cadmium batteries. d. All of them.

11. The external side of solar cells is covered by the glass because: a. Damage protection. b. To increase the thickness. c. There is no such coverage. d. To increase the stiffness of the cell.

12. The task of satellite bus is NOT: a. Orbital manoeuvres. b. Delivering the power. c. Payload stabilisation. d. Scientific measurements.

13. In solar cells the anti-reflected layer are places: a. At the lower surface of p region. b. At the upper surface. c. Between the p and n surfaces. d. There is no such a thing.

14. Which element belongs to active thermal protection systems?. a. Reflector. b. Radiator. c. Multilayer insulation (MLI). d. Peltier cell.

15. Which methods of landing has been used in the Mars Science Laboratory?. a. Parachutes, air bags and rocket thrusters. b. Parachutes and air bags. c. Rocket thrusters. d. Parachutes and rocket thrusters.

16. As a principle of operation the RTG generator uses: a. Peltier effect. b. Seebeck effect. c. Thomson effect. d. Zener effect.

17. What is the value of solar constant on earth orbit?. a. 130 W/m2. b. 2500 W/m2. c. 1050 W/m2. d. 1370 W/m2.

18. The phenomenon of obtaining the voltage on the edge of two materials with different temperature is: a. Peltier effect. b. Seebeck effect. c. Thomson effect. d. Gunn effect.

19. In a solar panel system the shunt diodes. a. Increasing the efficiency. b. Is useful. c. Allow on current flow even if some cells are damaged. d. Allow on shutting down the panel temporarily.

20. To power the satellite by the solar cells: a. There is serial connections of many solar cells. b. Single solar cell is enough. c. There is parallel connection of many solar cells. d. There is serial parallel connection of many solar sells.

21. Heat transfer between the spacecraft and external environment is possible on the way of. a. Radiation. b. Convection. c. Convection and radiation. d. There is no heat transfer.

22. The bones demoralisation during the space flight is caused by: a. Cosmic radiation. b. Diet with low minerals level during mission. c. Accelerations. d. No loads for skeletal system.

23. What is the value of earth albedo?. a. Ab 10%. b. Ab 30%. c. Ab 70%. d. Ab 90%.

24. Connection of two elements caused by the removing of the air from between them is called: a. Ablation. b. Cold gas. c. Cold welding. d. There is no such a problem.

25. Which type of the rocket thruster has the simplest design?. a. Hybrid thruster. b. Solid thruster. c. Liquid thruster. d. Electro thermal thruster.

26. Which of those is not a state of emergency. a. Trajectory descent. b. Rapid accelerations – so called shocks. c. Loss of rocket stability. d. LES firing.

27. The primary power system is NOT: a. RTG generator. b. Solar cells. c. Lithium-ion battery. d. Fuel cells.

28. The battery on GEO have to handle with: a. Often and shallow discharge. b. Often and deep discharge. c. Rare and deep discharge. d. Rare and shallow discharge.

29. Which satellite propulsion system is able to obtain the highest specific impulse?. a. Electro thermal. b. Chemical. c. Ion. d. Cold gas.

30. In which propellant feeding system the propellant is delivered into the pre-burner?. a. Staged combustion. b. Expander. c. Pressurised. d. None of them.

31. The storage of electric energy is the task for: a. Secondary power source. b. B. primary power source. c. Charging system. d. Control and distribution system.

32. To internal attitude disturbances can be included. a. Gravitational influence. b. Residual atmosphere. c. Sun radiation influence. d. Movement of the fuel in a tank.

33. The edge of space is on altitude of. a. 80-100 km. b. 50-70 km. c. 120-150 km. d. Ab 150 km.

34. The heat pipe is. a. The device which uses the change of phase to transport the heat. b. The pipe with an electric heater. c. Pipers made of steel with high thermal conductivity. d. Pipes made of material with low thermal inertia.

35. Which thruster type would be perfect for low thrust orbital manoeuvres?. a. Ion thruster. b. Solid propellant thruster. c. Cold gas thruster. d. Hybrid thruster.

36. How long did the SRB engines work in space shuttle mission. a. Ab 8 min. b. Ab 1 min. c. After the orbit injection. d. Ab 2 min.

37. In which attitude sensor measurement error rises with time?. a. Detector based on measurement of magnetic field. b. Star tracker. c. Sun sensor. d. Gyroscopic sensors.

38. The efficiency of solar cells with increasing temperature is. a. Lowering. b. Rising. c. Is the same. d. Rising or lowering in dependence of the reason of temperature increase.

39. During the gravitational assist: a. The value of the spacecraft velocity in respect to the sun is rising or decreasing. b. The value of the spacecraft velocity in respect to the sun is always rising. c. The value of the spacecraft velocity in respect to the planes is always rising. d. The value of the spacecraft velocity in respect to the planet is rising or decreasing.

40. The sphere of gravitational influence of the planet depends on: a. Only on the distance from the sun. b. Only on the mass of the planet. c. Mass of the planet and its distance from the sun. d. Only on rotation speed of the planet.

41. The edge of space is named as: a. Karmann line. b. Van allen line. c. Copernicus line. d. Zone 51.

42. The maximum acceleration tolerance of human body is: a. 15g during the acceleration. b. 3g in a side direction. c. 15g during the breaking. d. 10g in an up direction.

43. The altitude of 20 km has been assumed as a design condition for the rocket engine. The thrust of such engine in space (vacuum) would be: a. Lower than at design conditions. b. Higher than at design conditions. c. The same as design conditions. d. There is no way to tell.

44. During which aboard procedure of the space shuttle mission it lands close to the launch site?. a. RTLS. b. RSLSA. c. TAL. d. ATO.

45. To the active methods of thermal control we can include: a. Insulation layers. b. Radiators. c. Uncontrolled heat pipes. d. Heat pumps.

46. The battery on LEO has to handle with: a. Often and shallow discharge. b. Often and deep discharge. c. Rare and deep discharge. d. Rare and shallow discharge.

47. The thrust obtained from the unit of propellant mass flow rate in a unit of time is called: a. Total impulse. b. Specific impulse. c. Designed thrust. d. Thrust coefficient.

48. Influence of residual atmosphere needs to be taken into account. a. On LEO and MEO. b. Only on LEO. c. Only MEO. d. On GEO.

49. Flat absorber is: a. Material which absorbs the wide range radiation. b. The absorber with a flat surface. c. Material which absorbs only the infrared radiation. d. Material which reflects the wide range radiation.

50. The sphere of influence of gravitational field of the earth equals about: a. 250 earth radius. b. 50 earth radius. c. 20 earth radius. d. 150 earth radius.

51. What is the main advantage of hybrid rocket thrusters compared to the solid one?. a. Simpler design. b. Much higher thrust. c. The possibility of restart. d. Much higher specific impulses.

52. The galvanic and the fuel cells: a. Galvanic cell accumulate the energy. b. Both accumulate the energy. c. Both produces the energy. d. Fuel cell accumulate the energy.

53. Which power source does not require taking the energy source on-board?. a. Turbo generators. b. Fuel cells. c. Solar cells. d. RTG.

54. The acceleration caused by the start of every stage of rocket during start are: a. Very strong and long. b. Moderate and long. c. Moderate and short. d. Very strong and short.

55. How long did the SSME (space shuttle main engine) work?. a. Ab 2 min. b. Ab 8 min. c. Ab 1 min. d. Ab 30 min.

56. What dominates the missions overall design and most strongly affects the performance, cost, risk or schedule?. a. System Drivers. b. System Constrains. c. Mission elements. d. Critical Requirements.

57. Which orbit is the lowest?. a. LEO. b. HEO. c. MEO. d. GEO.

58. The presented device is: a. Uncontrolled heat pipe. b. Seebeck pipe. c. Controlled heat pipe. d. Peltier pipe.

59. Mechanical shocks can be described as: a. High acceleration and long. b. High acceleration and short. c. Low acceleration and short. d. Low acceleration and long.

60. How long can the man stay conscious in a space level vacuum?. a. 30 seconds. b. 15 seconds. c. 45 seconds. d. 1 second.

61. Antenna pointing mechanism is: a. Intermittently operating. b. Continuously operating devices. c. Reusable. d. One-shot device.

62. Mark the function(s) of mechanical structure. a. Protection against external environment. b. Spacecraft-launcher interface. c. Delivering the payload into the orbit. d. A base for an equipment.

63. Which element(s) can be included into the "launch element" of a mission?. a. Launch Pad. b. Launch Control Center. c. Integration building. d. Rocket.

64. The space mission implementation in timely manner at minimum cost and risk is provided by: a. None of them. b. Mission architecture. c. Mission Engineering. d. System Engineering.

65. Based on a NASA Project Life Cycle, which phase contains a rocket launch?. a. Phase B. b. Phase D. c. Phase A. d. Phase C.

66. Which torque source(s) is (are) of inertial type?. a. Magnetic sensor. b. Fiber optic gyro. c. Sun sensor. d. Star tracker.

67. The main Planetoid belt is located between: a. Earth and Mars. b. Mercury and Venus. c. Mars and Jupiter. d. Venus and Earth.

68. Which source is not efficient to be used for missions beyond the Mars orbit?. a. RTGs. b. fuel cells. c. batteries. d. solar panels.

69. The presented way of solar panel configuration is called: a. Fixed wings. b. Rotating wings. с. Burnet configuration. d. Lateral surface.

70. Which phase of the Space Mission Life Cycle for major programs lasts the longest?. a. Production and Deployment. b. Concept exploration. c. Detailed Development. d. Operation and Support.

71. Which launch strategy is the most cost-effective for CubeSat type satellite?. a. Piggy back Launch. b. Shared Launch. c. Dedicated Launch. d. Launch strategy does not influence the costs.

72. Which material type reflects the radiation in a broad spectrum?. a. Solar absorber. b. Flat reflector. C. Flat absorber. d. Solar reflector.

73. What is necessary to control the orientation of a spacecraft?. a. Choosing the coordinate system connected with the spacecraft. b. Measuring the difference between the two coordination systems axes and compare with required orientation. c. Perform the maneuvers to get the required effect. d. Choosing a reference coordination system.

74. In which phase of Space Mission Life Cycle the launch of a rocket takes place?. a. Concept exploration. b. Detailed Development. c. Production and Deployment. d. Operation and Support.

75. Which of those are "operational requirements"?. a. Coverage. b. Cost. c. Availability. d. Performance.

76. Which model philosophy reduces the technical risk at the highest level?. a. Protoflight Philosophy. b. Prototype Philosophy. c. Model philosophy does not influence the mission risk at all. d. Hybrid Philosophy.

77. The method of spacecraft stabilization by the rotating element of a structure is called: a. Old-school stabilization. b. 3-axes stabilization. c. Spinning. d. Hybrid.

78. Presented architecture is called: a. Data Relay. b. Telemetry and telecommands. C. Data collection architecture. d. Store and forward communication.

79. If the space system has four various principal players - who actually buys the space system?. a. The End User. b. Operator. c. Primary Customer. d. Secondary Customer.

81. Process of trying to provide quantitative assessment of the degree to which the system meets the basic objectives is called: a. Mission Utility Analysis. b. Mission statement. c. System Drivers. d. Mission Requirements.

82. The space element of a mission consists of. a. Rocket. b. None of those. c. Payload. d. Od Bus.

83. Which disturbance(s) is (are) of external type?. a. Crew movement. b. Gravitational. c. Aerodynamic. d. Leaks from the spacecraft installations.

84. Which orbit is the lowest?. a. LEO. b. HEO. C. MEO. d. GEO.

85. Which orbit is used temporarily while waiting for a command to start changing the orbit to the target one?. a. Graveyard orbit. b. Parking orbit. c. Transfer orbit. d. Injection orbit(maybe both).

86. In which phase of Space Mission Life Cycle the launch of a rocket takes place?. a. Detailed Development. b. Operation and Support. c. Concept exploration. d. Production and Deployment.

87. Connection of two elements caused by the remowing of the air from between them is called: a. Ice effect. b. Cold gas. c. Ablation. d. Cold welding.

88. In which phase of Space Mission Life Cycle the detailed definition of a system components is formed?. a. Production and Deployment. b. Detailed Development. c. Concept exploration. d. Operation and Support.

89.Generation of a voltage between two materials with different temperatures is called: a. Peltier effect. b. Guns effect. C. Seebeck effect. d. Hohmann effect.

90. If the space system has four various principal playesr - who actually buys the space system?. a. The End User. b. Operator. c. Secondary Customer. d. Primary Customer.

91. Heat transfer between an elements inside the International Space Station is possible on the way of: a. There is no heat transfer. b. Conduction. c. Radiation. d. Convection.

92. Choose the energy sources possible to be used on-board the spacecraft. a. Gas tanks. b. Electric motors. c. Springs. d. Adaptive structural elements.

93. Heat transfer between an elements inside the International Space Station is possible on the way of: a. There is no heat transfer. b. Conduction. C. Radiation. d. Convection.

94. Broad statement of the goals and rationale for carrying out the mission is: a. Mission definition. b. Mission statement. C. Mission Objectives. d. Mission Architecture.

95. Which of those element(s) is (are) responsible for adjusting the power to requirements onboard?. a. None of them. b. Secondary power source. C. Power distribution network. d. Primary power source.

96. Based on a NASA Project Life Cycle, which phase contains a rocket launch?. a. Phase C. b. Phase B. c. Phase A. d. Phase D.

97. Which TCS element uses the capillary effects to transport a coolant?. a. Shutters. b. Thermoelectric cooling. c. Heat pipes. d. Heat pumps.

98. The radiation reflected by the planet and received by the spacecraft is called: a. Albedo. b. Planets dont reflect any type of radiation. c. Cosmic radiation. d. Planet radiation.

99. What is necessary to control the orientation of a spacecraft?. a. Choosing a reference coordination system. b. Measuring the difference between the two coordination systems axes and compare with required orientation. c. Choosing the coordinate system connected with the spacecraft. d. Perform the maneuvers to get the required effect (if needed).

100. In which phase of Space Mission Life Cycle the launch of a rocket takes place?. a. Production and Deployment. b. Operation and Support. c. Detailed Development. d. Concept exploration.

101. Mechanical shocks can be described as: a. Low acceleration and short. b. Low acceleration and long. c. High acceleration and short. d. High acceleration and long.

102. Which model philosophy reduces the technical risk in the highest level?. a Protoflight Philosophy. b. Prototype Philosophy. c. Hybrid Philosophy. d. Model philosophy does not influence the mission risk at all.

103. In which arrangement satellites "know" about themselves?. a. None. b. Constellation. C. Formation.

104. Pirotechnic, separation mechanism can be included into the group of: a. None of them. b. One-shot devices. c. Intermittently operating devices. d. Continuously operating devices.

105. Which principal player is interested the most in practical aspects of a space system?. a. Primary Customer. b. The End User. c. Operator. d. Secondary Customer.

106. Which torque source(s) is (are) of inertial type?. a. Fiber optic gyro. b. Sun sensor. c. Magnetic sensor. d. Star tracker.

107. Based on a NASA Project Life Cycle, which phase contains a Critical Design Review?. a. Phase B. b. Phase C. c. Phase D. d. Phase A.

108. Which task(s) belong(s) to the satellite bus?(Yurii). a. Making a scientific measurements which are the mission objectives. b. Orbital maneuvers. c. Mechanical stabilisation of a payload. d. Reception, decoding and execution of commands.

109. Presented spacecraft protection method is called: a. Stuffed Whipple bumper shield. b. Multi-shock shield. c. Whipple bumper shield. d. None of them.

110. Set of interrelations between mission elements in systemic approach is called: a. Diagrammatic approach. b. Elements conector. c. System architecture. d. System design.

111. Which factors have to be taken into account during interplanetary flight?. a. None of them. b. Magnetic fields of various planets. c. Gravity of various planets. d. Solar wind.

112. Which thermal control methods is (are) passive?. a. Thermal insulation. b. Thermoelectric cells. c. Heat pumps. d. Coverage-special paints, foils etc.

113. White paint is a perfect example of: a. Solar reflector. b. Solar absorber. c. Flat reflector. d. Flat absorber.

114. Which model philosophy requires the lowest financial investment?. a. Model philosophy does not influence the mission budget at all. b. Prototype Philosophy. c. Hybrid Philosophy. d. Protoflight Philosophy.

115. What is the altitude of the contractual edge of space?. a. 500 km. b. 50 km. c. 100 km. d. 1000 km.

116. Principal mission parameters or characteristics which influence the performance, cost, risk or schedule and can be controlled are called: a. Mission elements. b. Critical Requirements. c. System Drivers. d. System Constrains.

117. What do we call the analyzing and selecting system drivers and using them to define a mission concept and architecture that can then be used for performance and utility analysis?. a. System Trades. b. System Drivers. c. Critical Requirements. d. System Constrains.

118. Fuel cells: a. Store energy. b. Produce energy. c. Produce and store energy. d. Produce, store and control energy.

119. Which task(s) belong(s) to the satellite bus?. a.Orbital maneuvers. b. Mechanical stabilisation of a payload. c. Reception, decoding and execution of commands. d. Making a scientific measurements which are the mission objectives.

120. Presented mechanisms: a. Continuously operating devices. b. One-shot device. c. Release mechanism. d. Non-explosive.

121. Which of those are "Functional requirements?. a. Availability. b. Coverage. c. Performance. d. Cost.

122. Which of those is NOT a state of emergency?. a. Trajectory descent. b. Rapid accelerations - so called shocks. c. Loss of rocket stability. d. Fire on board.

123. Sitting man is able to withstand the highest acceleration when the movement is into direction. a. forward. b. backward. c. downward. d. upward.

124. Which orbit(s) bel(s) in an equator plane?. a.GEO. b. Moinia. c. None of them. d. Tundra.

125. Which of power sources are independent of the Sun?. a. RTG. b. Solar panels. c. None of them. d. Fuel cells.

126. The geometric arrangement of satellites in GPS system can be described as: a.Constellation. b. Satellite cluster. c. None of those. d. Formation.

127. Cells of solar panels are connected in the structure: a. Parallel. b. Serial. c. Serial-parallel. d. None of those.

128. Which thermal control methods is (are) active?. a. Thermoelectric. b. Heat pumps. c. Coverage-special paints, foils etc. d. Thermal insulation.

129. What is the name of the contractual edge of space?. a. Blue Line. b. Sphere of influence. c. Karman Line. d. Area 51.

130. Black paint is a perfect example of. a. Flat absorber. b. Solar absorber. c. Solar reflector. d. Flat reflector.

131. How does the Whipple bumper shield work?. a. Sets an alarm and proceed with avoiding manoeuvre. b. Create a force field which protects the spacecraft. c. Bounce the debris back into space. d. Brake the debris apart and disperse into large area.

132. Aluminium paint is a perfect example of: a. Solar absorber. b. Flat reflector. c. Flat absorber. d. Solar reflector.

133. In which design philosophy is it possible to increase the budget if necessary?. a. None. b. Design to cost. c. Design to objective.

134. Which torque source(s) is (are) of inertial type?. a. Magnetic sensor. b. Fiber optic gyro. C. Sun sensor. d. Star tracker.

135. Which effects are used in RTG power source: a. Peltier effect. b. Nuclear fission. c. Seebeck effect. d. Radioactive decay.

137. What is the level of vacuum at GEO altitude?. a. 10e2 Pa. b. 10e-15 Pa. c. 10e-7 Pa. d. 10e-10 Pa.

138. Which launch strategy is the most expensive?. a. Launch strategy does not influence the costs. b. Dedicated Launch. c. Piggy back Launch. d. Shared Launch.

139. Which features may describe the fuel cells. a. Lot's of moving parts in the design. b. Expensive materials. c. High efficiency. d. Dependent of the Sun.

140. In most of today's satellite missions battery can be included into: a. Distribution network. b. Primary Power Source. c. Secondary Power Source. d. None of them.

141. Heat transfer between the spacecraft and external environment is possible on the way of: a. Convection. b. There is no heat transfer. c. Radiation. d. Conduction.

142. Which element(s) may influence the Space Transportation System selection. a. Technical parameters of a payload. b. Access and connections with integrated payload. c. Orbit type. d. Accuracy of an injection into the orbit.

143. Which of those are the elements of a mission concept?. a. None of those. b. Communication Architecture. c. Data Delivery. d. Program Timeline.

144. Which protection method(s) is (are) effective againts debris larger than 10 cm?. a. Whipple bumper shield. b. Stuffed Whipple bumper shield. c. None of them. d. Multi-shock shield.

145. The mean value of the Earth albedo for Low Earth Orbit equals: a. 50%. b. 10%. c. 30%. d. 75%.

146. Presented spacecraft protection method is called: a. None of them. b. Stuffed Whipple bumper shield. c. Whipple bumper shield. d. Multi-shock shield.

147. What makes the Thermal Control System necessary?. a. Comfortable temperature inside the spacecraft during a manned mission. b. Narrow temperatures ranges of operation for various mechanisms and devices. c. Requirements of temperature stability for precise operations of various mechanisms and devices. d. Limited temperatures gradients for precise operations of various mechanisms and devices.

148. Which power source(s) require fuel on-board of a spacecraft?. a. RTG. b. none of them. c. galvanic cells. d. Solar panels.