Unit 1. English Language I.

What does EFL mean?. English as a foreign language. English football league. English as a second language.

What is one of the primary building blocks of language acquisition in EFL?. Present tense. Past tense. Future tense. Passive and active voice.

What can we express with the present tense?. Key aspects of our reality, lifestyle, experience and situation. Taught to help learners understand the differences between the past and present tenses. The distinction between an arrangement, a plan, or a prediction based on evidence.

What are some of the things Spanish learners of English have problems with when learning how to use the present tense?. They will have problems with the irregularity of the verbs 'to be' and 'to have' and the presence of the auxiliary 'do/does' for questions. They will have problems with false friends. They will have problems with the omission of the subject. They will have problems with literal translations.

Who establishes the guidelines for the basis of learning, teaching and assessment of languages?. The Council of Europe. The European Union. United Nations. INTERPOL.

What does the Council of Europe establish regarding languages?. The guidelines for the basis of learning, teaching and assessment of languages. Peacekeeping and security. Human rights. The development of a common market, subsequently becoming a single market.

What does ESL mean?. English as a second language. Ejército Sirio de Liberación. Electronic Sports League.

What is the preferred approach in the Spanish 'Currículo Básico de Secundaria'?. The communicative approach. The direct method. The audio-lingual method. The situational approach.

Why are continuous forms usually correctly identified?. Because of direct translation. Because of how they are built.

What will help learners locate essential aspects to consider when choosing the correct form of a present tense?. Timelines. Graphics. Mind maps. Tables.

What is the Present Simple used for?. Permanent situations. Repeated actions. Events or habits. General truths. To tell stories or summarise the plot of a film or book. Temporary situations that exist for a period at the present time. Situations which are changing or developing during the present time.

The Present Simple is irregular for the verbs: To be. To have. To do.

When studying the Present Simple, students will typically have problems with: 3rd person singular of the verb 'to be'. 2nd person plural of the verb 'to be'. 1st person singular of the verb 'to be'. 3rd person plural of the verb 'to be'.

How many forms does the verb 'to have' have in the present?. 1. 2. 3. 4.

How many forms does the verb 'to be' have in the present?. 1. 2. 3. 4.

What do the rest of the verbs add for the 3rd person singular form for the Present Simple?. -s/-es. -ly. -ed.

What verbs take -es to form the 3rd person singular for the Present Simple?. Verbs that end in -s. Verbs that end in -ss. Verbs that end in -sh. Verbs that end in -ch. Verbs that end in -x. Verbs that end in -t. Verbs that end in -er.

How do verbs that end in -y form the 3rd person singular for the Present Simple?. The -y changes to -ie before the ending -s. The -y changes to -ies before the ending -s. The -y changes to -ei before the ending -s.

How is the Present Simple typically taught?. Teaching them that we use it to emphasise how long something has been happening for. By using routines and habits.

The Present Simple is commonly used with: Adverbs of frequency. Time expressions to indicate repetition. Verbs like plan, mean, hope, expect, etc.

How do we build the Present Continuous?. With the corresponding Present Simple form of the verb 'to be' and the -ing form of the verb. With the corresponding Present Simple form of the verb 'to be' and the -ed form of the verb. With the corresponding Present Simple form of the verb 'to be' and the -ent form of the verb.

What is the Present Continuous used for?. For temporary situations that exist for a period at the present time. For situations which are changing or developing during the present time. For actions or repeated actions or habits, occurring at the moment of speaking. To express annoying habits with words like 'always'. For permanent situations. For general truths. To tell stories or summarise the plot of a film or book.

Does the final -y of a verb changes before -ing?. Yes. No.

If a verb ends in -ie, to what letter does it change to before the ending -ing?. To -y. It doesn't change. To -ei. To -i.

How are the Present Simple and the Present Continuous usually taught?. They are taught in contrast to allow learners to better appreciate the difference in meaning. They are taught at the same time to allow learners to better appreciate the difference in meaning. Teachers introduce to them the Present Continuous first and then move on to the Present Simple.

How is the contrast between the Present Simple and the Present Continuous emphasized for upper levels?. With the presentation of state verbs. With the presentation of irregular verbs. With the presentation of regular verbs. With the presentation of action verbs.

What are some state verbs of appearance?. Appear. Resemble. Seem. Cost. Consist of. Come from. Be.

What are some state verbs of composition?. Consist of. Contain. Have. Come from. Cost. Forget. Exist.

What are some state verbs of connection?. Come from. Concern. Cost. Fit. Suit. Appear. Forget.

What are some state verbs of existence?. Be. Exist. Forget. Appear. Seem. Come from.

What are some state verbs of knowledge?. Forget. Know. Realize. Understand. Appear. Exist. Seem.

What are some state verbs of likes and dislikes?. Dislike. Hate. Like. Love. Prefer. Need. Want.

What are some state verbs of needs and wants?. Need. Want. Wish. Feel. Hear. Believe.

What are some state verbs of opinion?. Believe. Doubt. Imagine. Suppose. Think. Feel. Need. Dislike.

What are some state verbs of possession?. Belong to. Have. Own. Owe. Possess. Smell. Believe. Need.

What are some state verbs of perception and senses?. Feel. Hear. Notice. See. Smell. Sound. Taste. Belong to. Believe. Dislike.

Perception verbs are the ones most usually found in course books... at intermediate level. at advanced level. at elementary level.

With what modals are perception verbs often used?. Can/can't. Must/mustn't. Could/couldn't. Will/won't.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the following sentence: She has another car. Possession. Actively involved in.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'She is having a bath'. Possession. Actively involved in.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'I have two brothers'. Connection. Possession. Actively involved in.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'They think it's too expensive'. Opinion. Considering. At this time.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'They are thinking of buying a cheaper car'. Opinion. Considering. At this moment.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'I feel what we did was wrong'. Opinion. Physical reaction.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'I am feeling exhausted'. Opinion. Physical reaction.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'I am just thinking'. Opinion. Considering. At this moment.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'Do you see what I mean?'. Knowledge, understanding. Spending time with. Imagining.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'Are you seeing Jim these days?'. Knowledge, understanding. Spending time with. Imagining.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'You're seeing things - there's nobody else here'. Knowledge, understanding. Spending time with. Imagining.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'The juice tastes good'. Senses. Checking the quality.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'He is tasting the wine to see if it's OK'. Senses. Checking the quality.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'She appears to be very upset'. Appearance. Performing.

Some verbs change meaning when used either in the Present Continuous or Present Simple. Choose the meaning of the verb in the sentence 'Emily's band is appearing at the theatre on Sunday'. Appearance. Performing.

What is the Present Perfect used for?. It is used to refer to present time in some contexts (uncompleted actions or events). It is used to refer to past time (completed actions or events). It is used to refer to times when the timeline for the events or actions reaches the present. Is is used to express a more recent past than that of the Past Simple, with a relationship with the present (an unfinished period of time). It is used to refer to times when no timeline is specified. It is used to refer to temporary situations that exist for a period at the present time. It is used to refer to situations which are changing or developing during the present time. It is used to express permanent situations. It is used to refer to repeated actions.

How do we form the Present Perfect?. With 'have' or 'has' and the past participle of the verb (it can be either regular with -ed or irregular). With 'have' or 'has'. With 'am', 'are' and 'is'.

What does the Present Perfect link?. Past and present. Present and future. Past and future.

What adverbs are typically used along with the Present Perfect?. already. yet. still. usually.

We use the Present Perfect Simple when... we want to specify the beginning of a present action. we want to measure the duration of the action so far. we use 'the first/second time' to refer to an event in the present. describing general biographical facts. the emphasis is on the duration of a present action. it is needed to express when it began.

We use the Present Perfect Continuous when... the emphasis is on the duration of a present action. it is needed to express when it began. describing general biographical facts. we want to specify the beginning of a present action. we want to measure its duration so far.

We use 'for' and 'since' with: Present Perfect Simple. Present Perfect Continuous. Present Simple. Present Continuous.

The simple form of the Present Perfect may emphasise that something is... not short-term. repeated.

The beliefs learners hold about EFL learning are largely induced by... their past classroom learning experiences. their past language exchanges abroad. their past experiences with tourists.

Spanish learners will exchange the Present Perfect for which of the other tenses?. Past Simple. Present Simple. Past Perfect. Present Continuous.

What is the Past Simple used for?. To talk about finished periods of time (completed events, states or actions). To talk about an event, state or action that took place within a finished period of time with no relation with the present. To describe something which began before a particular point in the past and is still in progress at that point. To draw attention to an event or action that finished before some other events in the past.

Name expressions that are often used with the Past Simple (notes, page 14).

Which verb in its Past Simple form do course books tend to separate from the rest of the verbs?. 'To be'. 'To have'.

How many forms does the verb 'to be' have of the Past Simple?. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Verbs that end in the -ed form in the affirmative form are... regular verbs. irregular verbs.

When adding -ed we need to double then consonant at the end if... the verb ends in vowel+consonant. the verb ends in vowel+vowel. the verb ends in consonant+vowel. the verb ends in consonant+consonant.

If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if... the final syllable is stressed. the first syllable is stressed.

We do not double the consonant at the end of a verb if there is/are... one vowel letter before it. two vowel letters before it. three vowel letters before it.

We don't double some letters at the end of words because they are not considered consonants if they are at the end. Choose those letters from the following list. -y. -w. -s. -t.

Spanish learners will have problems with the pronunciation of -ed endings, tending to make a full syllable and to pronounce it as... /-ed/. /t/. /id/. /d/.

How is the Past Continuous formed?. With 'was' or 'were' followed by the main verb in an -ing form. With the -ed form of the verb.

What do we use the Past Continuous for?. To describe something which began before a particular point in the past and is still in progress at that point. To establish a sequence of events that may continue after that point in the past. To talk about finished periods of time. To draw attention to an event or action that took place in a past before the past.

Which two past tenses are typically taught together in course books?. Past Simple and Past Continuous. Past Simple and Past Perfect. Past Perfect and Past Continuous.

What do we use the Past Continuous for?. To describe something which began before a particular point in the past and is still in progress at that point. To establish a sequence of events that may continue after that point in the past. To say that an action stopped at the key point in the past. To describe events that extend across complete periods of time. To talk about finished periods of time. To draw attention to an event or action that took place in a past before the past.

What do we use the Past Perfect for?. To draw attention to an event or action that took place in a past before the past. To talk about an event or action that finished before some other events in the past. To describe something which began before a particular point in the past and is still in progress at that point. To establish a sequence of events that may continue after that point in the past.

How is the Past Perfect formed?. With 'had' followed by the past participle form of the verb. With 'was' or 'were' followed by the main verb in an -ing form. With the -ed form of the verb.

The Past Perfect is often used in clauses connected by a conjunction to a clause containing a verb in... the Past Simple. the Present Perfect. the Past Continuous. the Present Simple.

What provides the information about the sequence of events in narrative texts when trying to differentiate between Past Simple and Past Perfect?. Context. The structure of the sentence. The order of the sentence.

When we tell a story or describe a sequence of events... the Past Simple is used to establish the main facts and the lineal order of events. The Past Perfect is used to describe or introduce the events that happened before the main narrative. the Past Simple is used to describe or introduce the events that happened before the main narrative. The Past Perfect is used to establish the main facts and the lineal order of events.

What is the Past Perfect Continuous used for?. To express an emphasis on an extended or repeated event or activity which took place before a particular point in the past. This event of activity may stop at the specified point of time. To draw attention to an event or action that took place in a past before the past. To talk about an event or action that finished before some other events in the past.

What different verb forms are used in English to refer to future time?. Will. Going to. Will be+ing. 'am', 'are' and 'is'. 'have' and the past participle of the main verb. 'to be' and the -ing form of the main verb.

When do we construct the future with 'will'?. Unplanned future events or events that depend on spontaneous decisions (i.e. the intention is unpremeditated). Assertions or predictions that are not based on present or past evidence, but they are based on personal opinion or belief, or guesses based on characteristic behaviour. Offers, requests and promises. Predictions (without evidence). Conditionals. Planned future events (i.e. the intention is premeditated because of a decision). Predictions based on present or past evidence.

What do we use 'going to' for?. Planned future events (i.e. the intention is premeditated because of a decision). Predictions based on present or past evidence. Unplanned future events or events that depend on spontaneous decisions (i.e. the intention is unpremeditated). Assertions or predictions that are not based on present or past evidence, but they are based on personal opinion or belief, or guesses based on characteristic behaviour.

When is the Present Continuous used to express future?. When arrangements have been made (we have made a booking, we have tickets, or someone is expecting us) and usually a time reference is specified. When people are responsible for the action. When a prediction is based on present or past evidence. When there's an event planned in the future.

When is the Present Simple used to express future?. For scheduled events and timetables. These are official arrangements that are set to happen at a specific time, for example train timetables, buses, etc. When arrangements have been made (we have made a booking, we have tickets, or someone is expecting us) and usually a time reference is specified.

What do we use the Future Perfect for?. It is used to view things from a particular point in the future as already having taken place or as having been completed. It is used to express when future arrangements have been made. Predictions (without evidence). Offers, requests and promises.

What time expressions are used with the Future Perfect?. By... Before... Last week... Yesterday...

In the continuous form, the Future Perfect is used to view things from a particular point in the future when we want to focus on how long they have been taking place. It is generally used with time expressions that begin with... for. by. before. yesterday.

The verb 'to be' (am/is/was/were/being/been, etc.) is added to other verbs to form the... progressive (continuous) forms. passive voice. perfect forms. make questions.

The verb 'to have' (have/has/had, etc.) is added to other verbs to form... the progressive forms. the passive voice. perfect forms. questions.

The verb 'to do' is added to other verbs forms to form... the progressive forms. the passive voice. perfect forms. questions, negative and emphatic forms of non-auxiliary verbs in the Present and Past Simple.

How is it better to teach modals?. Looking at different ways of expressing a functional meaning. Focusing on a single form and the range of meanings it may express.

It is advisable not to give a complete overview of all modals to... beginner-intermediate learners that need foundational concepts. intermediate learners. upper-intermediate learners. advanced learners.

Is it useful the use of meaning and function labels when teaching modals?. It is helpful when identifying the different uses of modal verbs for learners, and labels such as 'possibility' and 'requesting' are clearly distinguishable and not at all problematic. It is helpful when identifying the different uses of modal verbs for learners, labels such as 'possibility', 'permission' and 'requesting' can overlap and the distinctions between them become blurred.

Where are modal verbs situated in a sentence?. They come immediately before the main verb in affirmative and negative statements. They come immediately after the main verb in affirmative and negative statements.

Are modal verbs used on their own?. Yes, they are main verbs on their own. No, they form part of the auxiliaries and have to be used in conjunction with another verb.

Which of the following are pure modal verbs?. Can. Could. Might. May. Must. Shall. Should. Will. Would. Ought to.

Which of the following are semi-modal verbs?. Ought to. Have to. Be able to. Can. Could. May. Might. Must.

Which of the following characteristics apply to modal verbs?. They are not inflected in the third person. They are followed by the bare infinitive. They are negated by the addition of -n't or not. They are inverted with the subject to form a question. They have no past form. They have a past form. They are followed by the preposition 'to'.

Which of the following characteristics apply to semi-modal verbs?. They are followed by the preposition 'to'. They have a past form. They are not inflected in the third person. They are followed by the bare infinitive.

Which modals are sometimes included as pure modals, but it is not recommended to teach them to intermediary learners?. Need. Dare. Ought to. Be able to. Might. Can.

'Need' is used as a modal verb... to give permission. to remove obligation. when we are in a position of authority. usually in negative statements. usually in affirmative statements.

What does 'have got to' express?. Possibility. Intent. Ability. Necessity. Obligation.

In questions and negative statements 'ought' is usually avoided. Which modal is used instead?. Can. Could. Might. Should. Shall.

'Have got to' is a modal in meaning but not in form becase... it needs the auxiliary 'do' or 'did' in questions and negative statements. it has tense forms.

'Be able to' is modal in meaning but not in form because... it has tense forms. it needs the auxiliary 'do' or 'did' in questions and negative statements.

Other modal verbs (not 'could') when they refer to past time add the structure... have+past participle. be+past participle. have+present participle. be+present participle.

Perfect forms of modal verbs are only taught... at elementary levels. at intermediate levels. at advanced levels.

The passive voice is typically taught... at elementary levels. at intermediate levels. at advanced levels.

The standard passive voice is formed with... a form of 'to be' and the past participle of the verb. a form of 'to have' and the past participle of the verb. a form of 'to be' and the present participle of the verb. a form of 'to have' and the present participle of the verb.

In passive constructions, the subject of the active becomes... the agent. the direct object. the indirect object. the subordinate clause.

Passive constructions are used to focus on... new or important information. irrelevant or repeated information.

The passive voice is also used to avoid having... long sentence endings. long subjects. short direct objects.

Which verbs should we avoid in the first stages of teaching the passive voice?. Two-object verbs. Object-complement verbs. One-object verbs.

Which of the verbs from the list are two-object verbs?. Ask. Bring. Give. Hand. Consider. Elect. Regard.

Which of the verbs from the list are object-complement verbs?. See someone as. Call. Regard. Elect. Ask. Bring. Give.

Choose the correct options: Two-object verbs. Object-complement verb.

Why do Spanish learners of English don't like using the passive voice?. Passive voice is not as widely used in Spanish as in English. Passive voice is used a lot more in Spanish than English. Spanish passive form can be constructed in the same way as the English passive form with 'to be'+past participle but Spanish idiomatic use tends to favour a form reminiscent of the English reflexive whenever the agent is not used. In Spanish passive voice there are no parallel constructions for two-object verbs. In Spanish passive voice there are parallel constructions for two-object verbs. Spanish endings corresponding to -ing and -ed do not have a clear active and passive meaning to differentiate them.

Choose the correct answers: Direct speech. Reported speech.

Which of the following are some examples of reporting verbs?. Say. Tell. Explain. Suggest. Ask. Consider. Bring.

We use reported speech when we are interested... in the words that someone has directly used. in the essential information the words convey.

Why is reported speech confusing for Spanish students if they rely on direct translation from Spanish?. Many indirect speech structures in Spanish position personal objects before the reporting verb. Many indirect speech structures in Spanish position personal objects after the reporting verb. The subjunctive mood is used for the reporting clause. The indicative mood is used for the reporting clause.

Which of the following verbs are basic reporting verbs?. Say. Tell. Discuss. Talk about.

When do we use 'say' in reported speech?. When the person who was spoken to is unimportant or already known. When we want to draw attention specifically to the person who is being addressed. When we want to give emphasis to the topic rather than the detail of the discourse.

When do we use 'tell' in reported speech?. When the person who was spoken to is unimportant or already known. When we want to draw attention specifically to the person who is being addressed. When we want to give emphasis to the topic rather than the detail of the discourse.

With what clauses can we use the verb 'say' in reported speech?. With a 'that' clause. With a clause beginning with a question word. With an infinitive clause. With a noun phrase. With a question word+infinitive clause.

With what clauses can we use the verb 'tell' in reported speech?. With a 'that' clause. With a clause beginning with a question word. With an infinitive clause. With a question word+infinitive clause. With a noun phrase.

At what levels are topic verbs in reported speech taught?. At elementary levels. At intermediate levels. At advanced levels.

Which of the following verbs are topic verbs in reported speech?. Say. Tell. Discuss. Talk about.

With what clauses can we use topic verbs in reported speech?. With a 'that' clause. With a clause beginning with a question word. With a question-word+infinitive clause. With a noun phrase.

Which verbs are included in the 'interpretation reporting verbs' category in reported speech?. Basic reporting verbs. Topic verbs. Attitude and interpretation verbs. Non-attitude verbs.

Which verbs are included in the 'attitude and interpretation verbs' category in reported speech?. Accuse. Advise. Allege. Beg. Blame. Say. Tell.

Choose the correct answer: Attitude and interpretation verbs. Non-attitude verbs.

Which verbs are included in the 'non-attitude verbs' category in reported speech?. Add. Answer. Ask. Explain. Reply. Insinuate. Suggest.

With what structures can 'attitude and interpretation verbs' be followed?. Infinitive. -ing form. -ed form.

What are the 'transformation rules' in reported speech?. Present changes to past. Auxiliary verbs in the present also change to past. Past Simple changes to past Perfect. Auxiliary verbs in the past also change to Past Perfect. Modal verbs that often change: 'can' changes to 'could', 'may' changes to 'might', 'must' changes to 'had to'. The auxiliary verbs in the future forms change from present to past: 'will' changes to 'would', 'is/are going to' changes to 'was/were going to'. Auxiliary verbs in the present also change to future. Past Simple changes to Present Simple.

Which verb forms don't need to change in reported speech?. Verbs that are already in the Past Perfect. Modal verbs 'could', 'might', 'ought', 'should' and 'would'. Verbs that are already in the Present Simple. Verbs that are already in the Future. Modal verbs 'can', 'may' and 'must'.

The word order when reporting questions is generally the same as that of... statements. questions.

What conj. are used to introduce a reported yes/no question?. If. Whether. For. And. But. So.

What other changes take place in reported speech?. Changes in time and place expressions. Changes in names. Changes in pronouns. Changes in possessive adjectives. Changes in prepositions.

The most common changes and their expected outcome in reported speech are... here. this. these. now. today. come. bring. tomorrow. this week.

Which of the following statements are true?. In English, the structure of reported commands, requests, etc., is different from the Spanish structure. The structure of reported commands, requests, etc., is the same in English and Spanish. Indirect questions usually are problematic for intermediate to advanced learners because they have fixated the word order for English direct questions, and they construe reported questions as 'correct' questions. Indirect questions aren't usually problematic for intermediate to advanced learners because they have fixated the word order for English direct questions, and they construe reported questions correctly.

Which are the two clauses that make up a conditional sentence?. A main (conditional) clause containing a verb in a form with 'will' or 'would'. A subordinate clause that is introduced by 'if'. A subordinate clause that is introduced by 'because'. A subordinate clause that is introduced by 'with'.

The two clauses in a conditional sentence are separated by a comma if... we begin with the 'if' clause. we begin with the conditional clause.

Which other conj. can be used in conditional sentences?. Supposing. As long as. Provided. On condition (that). Unless. And. For. Nor.

Do all conditional sentences have two clauses?. Yes. No.

'Will' and 'would' usually occur in the 'if' clause in conditional sentences. There are some exceptions to that rule taught only at advanced levels. Which exceptions are those?. 'Would' (like) is used in 'if' clauses where it means 'want'. 'Will' can appear in an 'if' clause where it means 'to be prepared to/be willing to'. 'Will' and 'would' can change the meaning of first and second conditionals, suggesting a perverse or deliberate behaviour. 'Will' is used in 'if' clauses where it means 'need'.

What is the zero conditional used for?. It is used to refer to general laws and truths that cannot be altered. It is used to refer to conditions that are constant. It is used to refer to a perverse or deliberate behaviour. It is used to refer to 'be prepared to'.

At what levels is the zero conditional taught at?. At elementary levels. At intermediate levels. At advanced levels.

To what tense do both clauses refer to in a zero conditional?. To the present. To the past. To the future.

What are other names for the First Conditional?. Type I Conditional. Future Conditional. Hypothetical Conditional. Unreal Conditional.

At what levels is the First Conditional usually taught?. At elementary levels. At intermediate levels. At advanced levels.

To what tense do the clauses in the First Conditional refer?. Present Tense. Past Tense. Future Tense.

The First Conditional is used to express... conditions that are certain and possible in the immediate future. aspects of persuasion, give warnings, making threats, etc. general laws and truths that cannot be altered. conditions that are constant.

For what purpose is 'should' sometimes used in the 'if' clause of the First Conditional?. To weaken the possibility. To give advice.

What are other names for the Second Conditional?. Hypothetical Conditional. Unreal Conditional. Future Conditional.

The Second Conditional is used to express... something that is impossible, unreal and very unlikely to happen. present or future with the same structure. conditions that are certain and possible in the immediate future.

There are alternative forms for the Second Conditional that may be taught at Advanced levels. Pair the correct statements: were+infinitive instead of the past form in the 'if' clause. were+subject.

What are other names for the Third Conditional?. Past Conditional. Hypothetical Conditional. Unreal Conditional. Future Conditional.

The Third Conditional is used to... speculate about past events or actions that cannot be changed. speculate about events or actions that happened or did not happen. express regret or reproach. refer to something that is impossible, unreal and very unlikely to happen.

At what levels is the Third Conditional usually taught?. At elementary levels. At intermediate levels. At upper-intermediate levels. At advanced levels.

'If only' and 'I wish' are taught together with... the First Conditional. the Second Conditional. the Third Conditional.

Mixed conditionals can be taught at the same time as... the First Conditional. the Second Conditional. the Third Conditional.

At what levels are the mixed conditional sentences usually taught?. At elementary levels. At intermediate levels. At advanced levels.

Mixed conditionals sentences are used to... express things that have been done and may have present consequences. express past events that are the result of timeless or present facts. speculate about past events or actions that cannot be changed. speculate about past events or actions that happened or did not happen.

Mixed conditionals reference both the present and the past. This implies that... part of the structure of the Second and Third Conditionals are used. part of the structure of the First and Second Conditionals are used. part of the structure of the First and Third Conditionals are used.

Pair the following examples to what they express. Past action. Present consequence. Mixed conditional. Present fact. Past consequence. Mixed conditional.