10. Mixed conditionals

Zero conditional. We use the zero conditional to talk about general truths or results that always happen if a condition is present. We are talking in general, not about one particular situation. If milk smells bad, I don’t drink it. If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils. If I’ve drunk, I never drive. If people are talking all the time, I can’t concentrate. We can put the main clause at the beginning. Then we don’t use a comma between the two clauses. I never go to bed late if I have to get up early. We can usually replace the if in this conditional with when without changing the meaning. Dogs can attack you when you are scared. When the weather is bad, people don’t go shopping. ____________________________________________________ Usamos el condicional cero para hablar de verdades generales o resultados que siempre suceden si una condición está presente. Estamos hablando en general, no de una situación en particular. Si la leche huele mal, no la bebo. Si el agua alcanza los 100 grados, hierve. Si he bebido, nunca conduzco. Si la gente habla todo el tiempo, no puedo concentrarme. Podemos poner la cláusula principal al principio. Entonces no usamos una coma entre las dos cláusulas. Nunca me acuesto tarde si tengo que levantarme temprano. Generalmente podemos reemplazar if en este condicional por when sin cambiar el significado. Los perros pueden atacarte cuando tienes miedo. Cuando hace mal tiempo, la gente no va de compras.

We can leave when you __________ dinner. Choose TWO correct options. will finish. have finished. finish.

When you cross that door, I __________ my homework. will have finished. finish. have finished.

When you arrive, we __________ in the garden. play. are playing. will be playing.

I’ll send you the composition as soon as I __________ it. Choose TWO correct options. will finish. finish. have finished.

If you feel tired tomorrow, you __________ enough sleep. won't have had. haven't had. aren't going to have.

You can't watch TV until you __________ your beans. have eaten. will eat. will have eaten.

You shouldn't sign the contract unless you __________ it carefully. will have read. have read. will read.

When you __________ the test, I will be praying for you. start. will start. are going to start.

I'll be there for you if you __________ me. need. will need. will be needing.

If he __________ when you arrive, please be quiet. will sleep. is sleeping. will be sleeping.

First conditional. The first conditional is used to talk about things that might happen in the future if a condition is present. We don’t know if those things will happen or not, but they are a real possibility. If you study, you’ll pass. If he doesn’t call you, tell me immediately. If you’ve come to class, the exam is going to be easy. If you help me, I’ll have finished by the end of the month. We don’t use will in the if clause. I’ll help you if you need me (NOT if you will need me) Unless = if (not) We can also use unless in conditional sentences to mean if … (not) I won’t go on holiday unless I save some money. = = I won’t go on holiday if I don’t save some money. First vs zero conditional We use the first conditional to talk about a particular situation, whereas we use the zero conditional to talk about what happens in general. If you don’t use oil, it tastes awful. (I’m talking about what happens every time.) If you don’t use oil, it will taste awful. (I’m talking about this particular occasion.) ___________________________________________________________________ El primer condicional se usa para hablar de cosas que podrían suceder en el futuro si una condición está presente. No sabemos si esas cosas sucederán o no, pero son una posibilidad real. Si estudias, aprobarás. Si no te llama, dímelo inmediatamente. Si has venido a clase, el examen será fácil. Si me ayudas, habré terminado a finales de mes. No usamos will en la cláusula if. Te ayudaré si me necesitas (NO si me necesitarás) A menos que = si (no) También podemos usar a menos que en oraciones condicionales signifiquen si... (no) No me iré de vacaciones a menos que ahorre algo de dinero. = = No me iré de vacaciones si no ahorro algo de dinero. Condicional primero versus cero Usamos el primer condicional para hablar de una situación particular, mientras que usamos el condicional cero para hablar de lo que sucede en general. Si no usas aceite, tiene un sabor horrible. (Estoy hablando de lo que sucede cada vez). Si no usas aceite, tendrá un sabor horrible. (Estoy hablando de esta ocasión en particular).

If you aren't careful, you ______ hurt. Choose TWO correct options. might get. get. will get.

What will happen if the parachute ______?. doesn't open. won't open. might not open.

I won't sign up for the dancing competition unless Jack ______ my partner. is. must be. will be.

When you ______ Tom, tell him I want to see him. will see. see. might see.

If they make a good offer, I ______ the house. Choose TWO correct options. should buy. buy. will buy.

If the people don't come, we ______ to cancel the party. Choose TWO correct options. might have. have. 'll have.

Please, can you close the windows before you ______. must leave. leave. will leave.

He'll try to get money from you if he ______ you've won the lottery. knows. will know. would know.

Before you say anything, ______. Choose TWO correct options. let me explain. you must listen to me. you listen to me.

He won't ask for help unless it _______ absolutely necessary. is. will be. might be.

Second conditional. We use the second conditional to talk about hypothetical or imaginary situations in the present or the future. We can use past simple or past continuous in the if-clause and we can use would, could or might + simple infinitive (do) or continuous infinitive (be doing) in the main clause. If there was a fire, it would be impossible to escape. If you weren’t making so much noise, I could concentrate. I wouldn’t have a car if I lived in the city. If it weren’t for him, I might not be talking to you right now. When we use the verb be in the if-clause, we can use either was (more formal) or were (spoken English) after I, he, she or it. But when we are giving advice, we always use if I were you (NOT was). If he was/were rich, he wouldn’t be living in this house. If I were you, I’d call him as soon as possible. (NOT was) As with all conditional types, we use a comma after the if-clause when it goes at the beginning of the sentence, but we don’t use a comma when the if-clause goes at the end. If you weren’t making so much noise, I could concentrate. I could concentrate if you weren’t making so much noise. ____________________________________________________ Usamos el segundo condicional para hablar de situaciones hipotéticas o imaginarias en el presente o en el futuro. Podemos usar pasado simple o pasado continuo en la cláusula if y podemos usar sería, podría o podría + infinitivo simple (hacer) o infinitivo continuo (estar haciendo) en la cláusula principal. Si hubiera un incendio, sería imposible escapar. Si no hicieras tanto ruido, podría concentrarme. No tendría coche si viviera en la ciudad. Si no fuera por él, tal vez no estaría hablando contigo en este momento. Cuando usamos el verbo be en la cláusula if, podemos usar was (más formal) o are (inglés hablado) después de I, he, she o it. Pero cuando damos consejos, siempre usamos si yo fuera tú (NO lo fuera). Si fuera rico, no viviría en esta casa. Si yo fuera tú, lo llamaría lo antes posible. (No fue) Como ocurre con todos los tipos condicionales, usamos una coma después de la cláusula if cuando va al principio de la oración, pero no usamos una coma cuando la cláusula if va al final. Si no hicieras tanto ruido, podría concentrarme. Podría concentrarme si no hicieras tanto ruido.

If there was a fire in this building, it _____ impossible to escape. 'd be. 'll be. was.

I'd have a car if I _____ in the city. 'd live. live. lived.

If I _____ more free time, I'd go to the gym every day. 'd have. had. have.

If you were more responsible, maybe your parents _____ you to do more things. allowed. would allow. will allow.

If you sold your wedding ring, you _____ a lot of money for it. could get. 'll get. got.

I _____ here if I wasn't interested in what you are offering. wasn't. wouldn't be. won't be.

I don't know the answer. If I knew the answer, I _____ you. 'd tell. 'll tell. told.

I'm sure if you _____ the manager, you'd take better decisions. were. 'd be. are.

You _____ rich if every person in this country gave you one dollar. were. 'll be. 'd be.

If there are any news, I _____ you immediately. 'd inform. 'll inform. informed.

Third conditional. We use the third conditional to talk about hypothetical or imaginary situations in the past. We can use the past perfect simple or past perfect continuous in the if-clause and we can use would, could or might + the perfect infinitive in the main clause. If you had come to class more often, you would have passed the test. I wouldn’t have been late if I hadn’t overslept. He could have died if he hadn’t been wearing a helmet. If the jacket had been a bit cheaper, I might have bought it. ____________________________________________________ Usamos el tercer condicional para hablar de situaciones hipotéticas o imaginarias del pasado. Podemos usar el pasado perfecto simple o el pasado perfecto continuo en la cláusula if y podemos usar will, might o might + el infinitivo perfecto en la cláusula principal. Si hubieras venido a clase con más frecuencia habrías aprobado el examen. No habría llegado tarde si no me hubiera quedado dormido. Podría haber muerto si no hubiera llevado casco. Si la chaqueta hubiera sido un poco más barata, quizás la habría comprado.

You ______ me if you had gone to the party. Choose TWO correct options. would have seen. could see. might have seen.

What would you have done if I ______?. didn't come. wouldn't come. hadn't come.

They ______ him if I ______ them the money. would have killed / didn't give. would have killed / hadn't given. had killed him / wouldn't give.

If I had stayed in university, I ______ much better jobs. will get. had got. could have got.

If I ______ so hard all my life, I might have spent more time with my kids. hadn't worked. wouldn't have worked. didn't work.

If I had been feeling well, I ______ the steak. Choose TWO correct options. might have ordered. could have ordered. will have ordered.

If I'd known you were going, I ______ with you. would come. had come. would have come.

I ______ the exam even if I had studied harder. wouldn't pass. wouldn't have passed. hadn't passed.

If I ______ you the truth, you wouldn't have believed me. told. would have told. had told.

He ______ the accident if he hadn't drunk. wouldn't have had. wouldn't have. hadn't had.

Zero, first, second, third and mixed conditionals. Mixed conditionals We use mixed conditionals if we want to mix talking about the present and the past in the same sentence. The mixed conditional is a combination of the second and the third conditional: ➪ We can use past simple or continuous in the if-clause (to refer to the present or future), and would/should/might have + past participle in the main clause (to refer to the past). ➪ We can also use past perfect in the if-clause (to refer to the past), and would/should/might + infinitive (to refer to the present). If I didn’t have (second conditional) so much work, I would have gone (third conditional) to the party last night. If I spoke (second conditional) German, I would have understood (third conditional) them. If I had won (third conditional) the lottery, I would be (second conditional) rich. If I hadn’t dropped (third conditional) school, I could have (second conditional) a better job now. Alternatives to if in conditional sentences As long as / provided (that) / providing (that) / on condition (that) / only if We can use the expressions as long as, provided/providing (that), on condition (that), or only if instead of if when we want to emphasize the condition that needs to be present so that something can happen or be done. I’ll tell you what really happened as long as you keep the secret. I’ll lend you the money provided (that) you pay me back next month. They will speak to the press on condition (that) they remain anonymous sources. We will invest the money, but only if you can prove that it’s a safe investment. Whether or not We use whether or not when there are two alternatives and we want to say that something will happen or will be true in any of those two alternatives. Compare: I’ll help him if he needs me. (=I will help him only if he needs me.) I’ll help him whether or not he needs me. (I will help him if he needs me, and I will help him if he doesn’t need me, too.) Even if We also use even if with a similar meaning to ‘whether or not’. It is used to emphasize that something will still be true or will happen if another thing happens. Even if you apologise, he’ll never forgive you. (=Whether or not you apologise, he’ll never forgive you.) Suppose/supposing We normally use suppose or supposing at the beginning of a sentence to make someone imagine a situation. It means ‘what would happen if’, or simply ‘if’ (imagining a situation). Supposing I got a job, I wouldn’t be able to travel with you next summer. Suppose she doesn’t believe you, what would you do then? Inversion in conditional sentences Should you find In first conditional sentences it’s possible to use should at the beginning of the sentence instead of if. This form is formal and it’s quite common with an imperative form in the main clause. Should you find the answer, please let me know as soon as possible. (=If you find the answer) Should you change your mind, you know where to contact us. (=If you change your mind) Had we arrived In third conditional sentences, we can invert the auxiliary verb had and leave if out. Had we arrived = If we had arrived. Had we arrived earlier, we could have prevented the incident. Had they looked further into the data, they might have realised there was a mistake. Were we to announce We can also find cases of inversion with this structure: were + subject + to. + infinitive. It is used to talk about future improbable events (like the second conditional). Were we to announce the truth, we would receive a lot of criticism. (=If we announced …) Were they to buy a new house, they would need to sell the old one first. (=If they bought …) Negative forms: should I not, had we not, were we not When should, had or were are negative, contracted forms are not possible, and not is used after the subject. Should you not wish to retake the test, you must let us know before the end of June. (NOT Shouldn’t you wish) Had you not refused my invitation, we would have had the most incredible time in our lives. (NOT Hadn’t you refused) Were you not my brother, I would call the police. (NOT Weren’t you) ____________________________________________________ Condicionales mixtos Usamos condicionales mixtos si queremos mezclar hablar del presente y del pasado en la misma oración. El condicional mixto es una combinación del segundo y tercer condicional: ➪ Podemos usar pasado simple o continuo en la cláusula if (para referirnos al presente o futuro), y will/should/might have + participio pasado en la cláusula principal (para referirnos al pasado). ➪ También podemos usar pasado perfecto en la cláusula if (para referirnos al pasado), y will/should/might + infinitivo (para referirnos al presente). Si no tuviera (segundo condicional) tanto trabajo, habría ido (tercer condicional) a la fiesta anoche. Si hubiera hablado alemán (segundo condicional), los habría entendido (tercer condicional). Si hubiera ganado (tercer condicional) la lotería, sería rico (segundo condicional). Si no hubiera abandonado la escuela (tercer condicional), ahora podría tener (segundo condicional) un mejor trabajo. Alternativas a if en oraciones condicionales Siempre y cuando / proporcionó (que) / proporcionando (que) / con la condición (que) / sólo si Podemos usar las expresiones siempre y cuando, proveído/proporcionando (que), en condición (que), o solo si en lugar de si cuando queremos enfatizar la condición que debe estar presente para que algo pueda suceder o hacerse. Te diré lo que realmente pasó mientras guardes el secreto. Te prestaré el dinero siempre que me lo pagues el mes que viene. Hablarán con la prensa a condición de que sigan siendo fuentes anónimas. Invertiremos el dinero, pero sólo si usted puede demostrar que es una inversión segura. Ya sea o no Usamos si o no cuando hay dos alternativas y queremos decir que algo sucederá o será cierto en cualquiera de esas dos alternativas. Comparar: Lo ayudaré si me necesita. (=Lo ayudaré sólo si me necesita.) Lo ayudaré tanto si me necesita como si no. (Lo ayudaré si me necesita y también lo ayudaré si no me necesita). Incluso si También usamos incluso si con un significado similar a "si o no". Se utiliza para enfatizar que algo seguirá siendo cierto o sucederá si sucede otra cosa. Incluso si te disculpas, él nunca te perdonará. (=Ya sea que te disculpes o no, él nunca te perdonará.) Supongamos/suponiendo Normalmente usamos suponer o suponer al comienzo de una oración para hacer que alguien imagine una situación. Significa "qué pasaría si", o simplemente "si" (imaginar una situación). Suponiendo que consiguiera un trabajo, no podría viajar contigo el próximo verano. Supongamos que ella no te cree, ¿qué harías entonces? Inversión en oraciones condicionales. ¿Deberías encontrar En oraciones del primer condicional es posible usar debería al principio de la oración en lugar de si. Esta forma es formal y es bastante común con una forma imperativa en la cláusula principal. Si encuentra la respuesta, hágamelo saber lo antes posible. (=Si encuentras la respuesta) Si cambia de opinión, ya sabe dónde contactarnos. (=Si cambias de opinión) si hubiésemos llegado En oraciones de tercer condicional, podemos invertir el verbo auxiliar had y dejar if out. Si hubiéramos llegado = Si hubiéramos llegado. Si hubiéramos llegado antes, podríamos haber evitado el incidente. Si hubieran analizado más los datos, se habrían dado cuenta de que había un error. si tuviéramos que anunciar También podemos encontrar casos de inversión con esta estructura: eran + sujeto + a. + infinitivo. Se utiliza para hablar de eventos futuros improbables (como el segundo condicional). Si anunciáramos la verdad, recibiríamos muchas críticas. (=Si anunciáramos…) Si compraran una casa nueva, primero tendrían que vender la antigua. (=Si compraron…) Formas negativas: debería no, si no hubiéramos, si no hubiéramos Cuando debería, tenía o eran negativos, las formas contraídas no son posibles y no se usan después del sujeto. Si no deseas volver a realizar la prueba, deberás comunicárnoslo antes de finales de junio. (NO deberías desearlo) Si no hubieras rechazado mi invitación, habríamos pasado el momento más increíble de nuestras vidas. (NO si no te hubieras negado) Si no fueras mi hermano, llamaría a la policía. (NO eras tú).

If I were you, I ______ anything. Choose TWO correct options. hadn't said. wouldn't say. wouldn't be said. wouldn't have said.

If I'd known, I ______ you. Choose TWO correct options. might have helped. would help. might help. would have helped.

If we had planned this better, we ______ in so much trouble now. wouldn't have been. hadn't been. wouldn't be. weren't.

______ your job, you will need enough money to sustain yourself for a few months. Choose TWO correct options. If you lose. Whether you lose. Should you lose. Had you lose.

We are going to go ahead with the plan, ______ . Choose TWO correct options. whether or not they like it. even if they won't like it. provided that they will like it. whether they like it or not.

This might never have happened ______ me earlier. Choose TWO correct options. if you would have told. had you told. if you had told. if you told.

If he ______ out who did it, he would kill them. found. would find. had found. would have found.

You'll miss the train ______ a taxi. Choose TWO correct options. in case you take. even if you take. provided that you take. whether or not you take.

If I had known about your plans earlier, I ______ you. Choose TWO correct options. might have warned. might warn. would warn. would have warned.

______ you out, would you have asked her out? Choose TWO correct options. Supposing she hadn't asked. If she hadn't asked. Provided that she wouldn't have asked. If she wouldn't have asked.

Mixed conditionals. Mixed conditionals are a combination of two types of conditional patterns, usually second and third conditionals. We can have a third conditional in the if clause and a second conditional in the main clause or a second conditional in the if clause and a third conditional in the main clause. *Second and third conditionals* In a second conditional we use past in the if clause and would/might/could + infinitive in the main clause. It is used to talk about hypothetical situations happening in the present or future. If I were rich, I‘d buy that house. In a third conditional we use past perfect in the if clause and would/might/could + have + past participle in the main clause. It is used to talk about hypothetical situations happening in the past. If you had studied more, you would have passed the exam. A mixed conditional is a combination of second and third conditionals. *Mixed third/second conditional* We use this combination to talk about a hypothetical condition happening in the past (third conditional) with a present result (second conditional). We use past perfect in the if clause and would/could/might + infinitive in the main clause. If I had been elected, I would be the president now. If I had won the lottery, I would be rich. I might have a better job now if I hadn’t dropped out of school. *Mixed second/third conditional* We use this combination to talk about a hypothetical condition happening in the present (second conditional) with a past result (third conditional). We use past in the if clause and would/could/might + have + past participle in the main clause. If I were a man, they would have given me the job. If I didn’t have so much work, I would have gone to the party last night. I would have understood them if I spoke German. Note that in this type of combination, the present condition also existed in the past, when the result in the main clause took place. Let’s take a look, for example, at the first sentence: If I were a man, they would have given me the job. If I were a man now would mean that I would also have been a man in the past, when I was not given the job. As I’m not a man now (which implies that I wasn’t a man when I applied for the job either), I didn’t get the job. ____________________________________________________ Los condicionales mixtos son una combinación de dos tipos de patrones condicionales, generalmente segundos y terceros condicionales. Podemos tener un tercer condicional en la cláusula if y un segundo condicional en la cláusula principal o un segundo condicional en la cláusula if y un tercer condicional en la cláusula principal. *Segundo y tercer condicional* En un segundo condicional usamos pasado en la cláusula if y will/might/could + infinitivo en la cláusula principal. Se utiliza para hablar de situaciones hipotéticas que suceden en el presente o en el futuro. Si fuera rico, compraría esa casa. En un tercer condicional usamos pasado perfecto en la cláusula if y will/might/could + have + participio pasado en la cláusula principal. Se utiliza para hablar de situaciones hipotéticas que sucedieron en el pasado. Si hubieras estudiado más, habrías aprobado el examen. Un condicional mixto es una combinación de segundos y terceros condicionales. *Condicional tercero/segundo mixto* Usamos esta combinación para hablar de una condición hipotética que ocurrió en el pasado (tercer condicional) con un resultado presente (segundo condicional). Usamos pasado perfecto en la cláusula if y will/could/might + infinitivo en la cláusula principal. Si hubiera sido elegido, ahora sería presidente. Si me hubiera tocado la lotería, sería rico. Podría tener un mejor trabajo ahora si no hubiera abandonado la escuela. *Condicional segundo/tercer mixto* Usamos esta combinación para hablar de una condición hipotética que ocurre en el presente (segundo condicional) con un resultado pasado (tercer condicional). Usamos pasado en la cláusula if y will/could/might + have + participio pasado en la cláusula principal. Si fuera hombre me hubieran dado el trabajo. Si no tuviera tanto trabajo, habría ido anoche a la fiesta. Los habría entendido si hubiera hablado alemán. Tenga en cuenta que en este tipo de combinación, la condición presente también existió en el pasado, cuando tuvo lugar el resultado de la cláusula principal. Echemos un vistazo, por ejemplo, a la primera frase: Si fuera hombre me hubieran dado el trabajo. Si fuera un hombre ahora significaría que también lo habría sido en el pasado, cuando no me dieron el trabajo. Como ahora no soy un hombre (lo que implica que tampoco lo era cuando solicité el trabajo), no conseguí el trabajo.

He says he's your friend, but he didn't help you. If he were your friend, he _____ you. had helped. would have helped. would help. helped.

I feel fine because I took the medicine. If I _____ the medicine, I would still be in pain. wouldn't take. wouldn't have taken. didn't take. hadn't taken.

I'm not patient, and I didn't wait for them. If I were more patient, I _____ for them. would wait. would have waited. waited. had waited.

I didn't know that you were there because I'm not a psychic. I _____ that you were there if I were a psychic. would have known. had known. would know. knew.

I am where I am today because you helped me. I _____ where I am today if you hadn't helped me. wouldn't have been. hadn't been. weren't. wouldn't be.

I should be your coach. If I _____ your coach, you would have won many more trophies. were. had been. would be. would have been.

If I were ill, I _____ to work yesterday. wouldn't have gone. wouldn't go. hadn't gone. didn't go.

If he hadn't been wearing a helmet, he _____ dead now. might be. might have been. were. had been.

I didn't understand his letter because I don't speak Russian. If I _____ Russian, I would have understood his letter. would speak. would have spoken. spoke. had spoken.

I'm tired because I went to bed late. If I hadn't gone to bed so late, I _____ tired now. wouldn't have been. wouldn't be. weren't. hadn't been.

Other expressions in conditionals – Grammar chart. Unless (= if not) We can use unless in conditional sentences to mean ‘if … (not)’. I won’t go on holiday unless I save some money. = I won’t go on holiday if I don’t save some money. In case We use in case to talk about things that we do to be prepared for something that might happen or might be needed in the future. I’ll take my umbrella in case it rains. (=because it might rain) In case We use in case to talk about things that we do to be prepared for something that might happen or might be needed in the future. I’ll tell you what really happened as long as you keep the secret. I’ll lend you the money provided (that) you pay me back next month. They will speak to the press on condition (that) they remain anonymous sources. We will invest the money, but only if you can prove that it’s a safe investment. Whether or not We use whether or not when there are two alternatives and we want to say that something will happen or will be true in any of those two alternatives. Compare: I’ll help him if he needs me. (=I will help him only if he needs me.) I’ll help him whether or not he needs me. (I will help him if he needs me, and I will help him if he doesn’t need me, too.) Even if We also use even if with a similar meaning to ‘whether or not’. It is used to emphasize that something will still be true or will happen if another thing happens. Even if you apologise, he’ll never forgive you. (=Whether or not you apologise, he’ll never forgive you.) Suppose/supposing We normally use suppose or supposing at the beginning of a sentence to make someone imagine a situation. It means ‘what would happen if’, or simply ‘if’ (imagining a situation). Supposing I got a job, I wouldn’t be able to travel with you next summer. Suppose she doesn’t believe you, what would you do then? ___________________________________________________ A menos que (= si no) Podemos usar less en oraciones condicionales para significar "si... (no)". No me iré de vacaciones a menos que ahorre algo de dinero. = No me iré de vacaciones si no ahorro algo de dinero. En caso Usamos en caso de hablar de cosas que hacemos para estar preparados para algo que podría suceder o ser necesario en el futuro. Llevaré mi paraguas por si llueve. (=porque podría llover) En caso Usamos en caso de hablar de cosas que hacemos para estar preparados para algo que podría suceder o ser necesario en el futuro. Te diré lo que realmente pasó mientras guardes el secreto. Te prestaré el dinero siempre que me lo pagues el mes que viene. Hablarán con la prensa a condición de que sigan siendo fuentes anónimas. Invertiremos el dinero, pero sólo si usted puede demostrar que es una inversión segura. Ya sea o no Usamos si o no cuando hay dos alternativas y queremos decir que algo sucederá o será cierto en cualquiera de esas dos alternativas. Comparar: Lo ayudaré si me necesita. (=Lo ayudaré sólo si me necesita.) Lo ayudaré tanto si me necesita como si no. (Lo ayudaré si me necesita y también lo ayudaré si no me necesita). Incluso si También usamos incluso si con un significado similar a "si o no". Se utiliza para enfatizar que algo seguirá siendo cierto o sucederá si sucede otra cosa. Incluso si te disculpas, él nunca te perdonará. (=Ya sea que te disculpes o no, él nunca te perdonará.) Supongamos/suponiendo Normalmente usamos suponer o suponer al comienzo de una oración para hacer que alguien imagine una situación. Significa "qué pasaría si", o simplemente "si" (imaginar una situación). Suponiendo que consiguiera un trabajo, no podría viajar contigo el próximo verano. Supongamos que ella no te cree, ¿qué harías entonces?.

I'll lend you the money _____ that you pay me back by Friday. in case. even if. on condition. unless.

You can use my computer _____ you promise to be careful. Choose TWO correct options. provided. unless. as long as. in case.

You cannot use my computer _____ you promise to be careful. provided. unless. as long as. only if.

_____ you found a wallet with money in it. What would you do?. As long as. Unless. Even if. Suppose.

We're going for a trek tomorrow ____ it doesn't rain. Choose TWO correct options. unless. providing. even if. as long as.

We're going for a trek tomorrow ____ it rains. unless. providing. in case. as long as.

Only members can go in. Choose TWO options with the same meaning. Unless you are a member, you can't go in. You can go in even if you are a member. You can go in wether or not you are a member. You can go in only if you are a member.

Take my card _____ you need to contact me. on condition that. in case. as long as. even if.

You can download the software ______ you accept the Terms and Conditions. Choose TWO correct options. even if. whether or not. only if. on condition that.

You can offer as much as you want, I'll never work for you. (Choose the option with similar meaning). Even if you offer a lot of money. Provided you offer a lot of money. Unless you offer a lot of money. As long as you offer a lot of money.