20 Turning

1. What type of geometrical shapes are typically produced by turning?. A) Axisymmetric shapes. B) Polygonal shapes. C) Free‑form surfaces. D) Prismatic shapes.

2. Which of the following is a common axisymmetric surface produced in turning?. A) Gear profiles. B) Cylindrical surfaces. C) Flat prismatic faces. D) Helical surfaces.

3. What is the purpose of slots in turned parts?. A) To improve surface roughness. B) To reduce weight. C) To house O‑rings or allow thread relief. D) To increase rigidity.

4. Chamfers and fillets are used mainly to: A) Improve chip evacuation. B) Avoid sharp edges. C) Increase cutting speed. D) Reduce tool wear.

5. The primary cutting movement in turning is: A) Tool penetration. B) Tool displacement. C) Workpiece rotation. D) Feed rate adjustment.

6. Cutting speed 𝑣 𝑐 is conventionally measured at: A) The spindle motor. B) The tool shank. C) The center of the workpiece. D) The tip of the cutting tool.

7. Feed 𝑓 in turning is defined as: A) Tool displacement per minute. B) Chip thickness per cut. C) Tool displacement per revolution. D) Workpiece displacement per revolution.

8. Cutting depth 𝑎 𝑝 is measured as: A) The axial length of the cut. B) The tool overhang length. C) The distance between tool edges. D) The radial distance between original and machined surfaces.

9. The entering angle 𝜅 𝑟 defines: A) The spindle alignment. B) The chip thickness. C) The tool’s material. D) The orientation of the main cutting edge.

10. Which machine tool is used to perform turning operations?. A) Grinder. B) Lathe. C) Shaper. D) Milling machine.

11. In turning, the tool is positioned using coordinates in the: A) XZ plane. B) YZ plane. C) XY plane. D) XYZ space only.

12. The cutting insert is held in place by: A) Magnetic force. B) Welding. C) Adhesive. D) A clamp or a screw.

13. The main cutting edge of an insert is responsible for: A) Removing most of the chip section. B) Cooling the tool. C) Supporting the tool holder. D) Reducing vibration.

14. Turning is considered a single‑point cutting process because: A) Only one tool can be mounted at a time. B) Only one pass is required. C) Only one axis is used. D) The chip is generated by one cutting edge.

15. Hard turning with CBN tools can compete with: A) Casting. B) Broaching. C) Grinding. D) Drilling.

16. A typical surface roughness range 𝑅 𝑎 achievable in turning is: A) 20–10 µm. B) 15–30 µm. C) 0.4–6.3 µm. D) 0.01–0.1 µm.

17. Workpiece deflection during turning is more likely when: A) The spindle speed is low. B) The workpiece is very short. C) The tool is made of carbide. D) The workpiece is slender.

18. Tool wear affects the machined surface because: A) It eliminates vibration. B) It increases coolant flow. C) It reduces spindle torque. D) It changes the geometry of the cutting edge and tip.

19. Chatter occurs when: A) The tool is too sharp. B) The feed rate is zero. C) The vibration frequency matches the machine’s natural frequency. D) The workpiece is perfectly rigid.

20. Production rates in turning depend mainly on: A) Coolant temperature. B) Degree of automation. C) Operator height. D) Tool color.

21. What is the main objective of roughing operations?. A) Achieving the best surface finish. B) Maximizing material removal rate. C) Minimizing tool wear. D) Reducing machine vibrations.

22. In roughing operations, quality is not a priority because: B) The tool cannot cut accurately. A) The machined surface will be removed later. C) The machine cannot hold tolerances. D) Cutting fluids are not used.

23. Finishing operations focus primarily on: A) Removing the maximum volume of material. B) Achieving dimensional and geometric tolerances. C) Increasing cutting speed. D) Reducing tool cost.

24. Reducing feed in finishing operations helps to: A) Increase chip thickness. B) Reduce machining time. C) Improve surface finish. D) Increase cutting forces.

25. External turning machines: A) Only internal cavities. B) Only flat surfaces. C) The exterior surfaces of the workpiece. D) Threads exclusively.

26. Internal turning requires a hole because: A) The tool cannot cut solid material. B) The spindle cannot rotate solid parts. C) The tool is too short. D) The feed rate is too high.

27. A major challenge in internal turning is: A) Excessive coolant flow. B) Tool overhang causing vibration. C) Difficulty rotating the workpiece. D) Lack of cutting speed.

28. Straight (longitudinal) turning generates: A) A conical surface. B) A cylindrical surface. C) A spherical surface. D) A threaded surface.

29. A low entering angle in straight turning produces: A) A thicker chip. B) A shorter chip. D) A thinner but longer chip. C) A chip with constant thickness.

30. Surface roughness in straight turning depends mainly on: A) Tool material. B) Tool tip radius and feed. C) Spindle power. D) Coolant pressure.

31. Face turning produces: B) A cylindrical surface. A) A flat surface perpendicular to the rotation axis. C) A helical surface. D) A conical surface.

32. In face turning, the feed movement is along the: A) Z axis. B) Y axis. C) X axis. D) Tool holder axis.

33. Profile turning requires: A) Movement only along the Z axis. B) Movement only along the X axis. D) Interpolation of X and Z axes. C) No feed movement.

34. Taper turning is considered a special case of: A) Face turning. B) Profile turning. C) Thread chasing. D) Axial grooving.

35. Radial grooving is performed by feeding the tool: B) Axially. A) Radially. C) Helically. D) Tangentially.

36. A challenge in radial grooving is: A) Excessive tool length. D) Chip evacuation in a confined space. C) Lack of coolant. B) Tool overheating.

37. Axial grooving is used when the groove is located: A) On the cylindrical surface. B) On one of the front faces. C) Inside a blind hole. D) On the tool shank.

38. Thread chasing requires the feed to be equal to: A) The tool radius. B) The spindle speed. C) The thread pitch. D) The depth of cut.

39. Threading inserts must perform several passes because: A) They are too long. B) Their resistant section is limited. C) They cannot cut metal efficiently. D) They require coolant.

40. Parting‑off is conceptually similar to: A) Face turning. B) Radial grooving. C) Taper turning. D) Thread chasing.

41. What type of machine tool is the conventional engine lathe?. A) A manually operated turning machine. B) A fully automated machine. C) A vertical machining center. D) A multi‑spindle lathe.

42. The main spindle of an engine lathe is located in the: A) Tailstock. B) Headstock. C) Tool post. D) Cross slide.

43. The clamping fixture is mounted on the: A) Lead screw. B) Spindle nose. C) Compound rest. D) Apron.

44. The feed gearbox transmits motion to: A) The tailstock. B) The tool post. C) The lead screw or feed screw. D) The spindle bearings.

45. The lead screw is mainly used for: A) Face turning. B) Thread chasing. C) Parting‑off. D) Drilling.

46. The compound rest allows: A) Automatic tool changes. B) Manual movement of the tool post along its own axis. C) Rotation of the spindle. D) Cooling of the tool.

47. The tailstock is used for: B) Holding multiple tools. A) Clamping workpieces between centers. C) Increasing spindle speed. D) Automatic part loading.

48. A limitation of the engine lathe is that: A) It cannot rotate the workpiece. B) It cannot interpolate X and Z axes. C) It cannot hold cutting tools. D) It cannot perform straight turning.

49. Flexibility in an engine lathe is high because: A) It uses automatic programming. B) It requires no operator. C) Tools and fixtures are valid for many workpieces. D) It has multiple spindles.

50. CNC lathes interpret instructions using: A) Hydraulic signals. B) Electrical signals encoded in a program. C) Pneumatic pulses. D) Manual levers.

51. CNC lathes have: A) A single motor for all movements. D) Independent motors for each axis. C) No spindle motor. B) Only manual feed control.

52. CNC lathes allow: B) Only manual tool changes. A) Interpolation of X and Z axes. C) No profiling operations. D) Only external turning.

53. CNC lathes are best suited for: A) Very low production runs. B) Medium production runs. C) Extremely high‑volume production. D) One‑off prototypes only.

54. A limitation of CNC lathes is: B) They cannot perform taper turning. A) They require new programming for new geometries. C) They cannot change tools. D) They cannot use cutting fluids.

55. A vertical lathe has a: A) Horizontal spindle. D) Vertical spindle. C) Multi‑spindle drum. B) Tilting turret.

56. Vertical lathes are ideal for: A) Small, slender parts. B) Heavy, large‑diameter parts. C) High‑precision micro‑machining. D) Thread chasing only.

57. Automatic lathes allow: A) Fully unattended machining. B) Only manual loading. C) Only external turning. D) No parting‑off operations.

58. Bar feeders in automatic lathes: A) Rotate the spindle. B) Move the bar to the required length. C) Change the cutting tools. D) Measure the part diameter.

59. In single‑spindle automatic lathes: A) Only one tool can cut at a time. B) Several tools can machine simultaneously. C) Only internal turning is possible. D) Only threading operations are allowed.

60. Multi‑spindle lathes improve productivity by: A) Reducing spindle speed. B) Using one tool for all operations. C) Rotating the drum so each station performs a different operation. D) Eliminating tool changes.

61. Elastic clamps (collets) are mainly used for: A) Large‑diameter workpieces. B) Very small‑diameter workpieces. C) Non‑cylindrical preforms. D) Heavy parts.

62. The collet closes and clamps the workpiece because: A) It expands outward. B) It rotates independently. C) Its taper is pulled into the chuck. D) It is magnetized.

63. A 3‑jaw chuck is typically: B) Non‑centering. A) Self‑centering. C) Used only for square parts. D) Used only for internal turning.

64. In a 3‑jaw chuck, the jaws move: A) Axially. B) Independently. D) Radially and simultaneously. C) Randomly.

65. A 4‑claw chuck is mainly used for: B) Cylindrical parts. A) Non‑cylindrical preforms. C) High‑speed machining. D) Thread chasing.

66. Long workpieces (length > 1.5 × diameter) require: A) No clamping. B) Support at the opposite end. C) Only a 3‑jaw chuck. D) A magnetic fixture.

67. The tailstock requires the workpiece to be: A) Threaded. B) Heat‑treated. C) Face‑turned and center‑drilled. D) Hollow.

68. A drive dog is used to: A) Reduce vibration. D) Transmit torque to slender parts. C) Measure part diameter. B) Support the tool holder.

69. A face driver improves: A) Internal turning. B) Accessibility for external turning. C) Coolant flow. D) Tool life.

70. A steady rest provides: B) Axial support using a tailstock. A) Three roller supports for the outer surface. C) Torque transmission. D) Tool clamping.

71. A follower rest is used to: A) Increase spindle speed. B) Support the workpiece close to the cutting point. C) Hold multiple tools. D) Measure tool wear.

72. A revolver‑type turret can hold: A) Only external turning tools. B) Only internal turning tools. C) Both turning and hole‑making tools. D) Only threading tools.

73. Power (live) tools in a turret allow: A) Automatic bar feeding. D) Milling or drilling operations. C) Tool wear measurement. B) Workpiece balancing.

74. A gang plate arranges tools: A) In a circular pattern. B) In a linear configuration. C) On a rotating drum. D) On a magnetic base.

75. Gang plates are common in: A) CNC vertical lathes. B) Single‑spindle automatic lathes. C) Manual engine lathes. D) Multi‑spindle lathes.

76. A tool post turret is mainly used in: A) CNC lathes. B) Automatic lathes. C) Conventional lathes. D) Vertical lathes.

77. Automatic bar feeding systems are used to: B) Measure tool position. A) Feed long bars through the spindle. C) Reduce tool wear. D) Support slender parts.

78. Tool setting systems determine: A) Tool wear rate. B) Tool material. C) The reference position of each tool. D) The spindle torque.

79. Tool setting requires the tool to: A) Touch the sensor in X and Z directions. B) Rotate at maximum speed. C) Cut a reference groove. D) Be removed from the turret.

80. Part measurement systems use a touch probe to: A) Sharpen the tool. D) Measure the machined diameter. C) Increase spindle speed. B) Remove chips.