Action Research

Action Research (AR) aims to help teachers ... repeat their lessons without change. study and improve their own classroom practice. analyse national policies. compare test scores only.

AR is different from traditional research because it is ... participatory and reflective. purely experimental. distant and objective. statistical only.

The core cycle of AR includes ... Plan -> Act -> Observe -> Reflect. Reflect -> Publish -> Teach -> Stop. Plan -> Teach -> Grade -> Report. Observe -> Mark -> Plan -> Rest.

The first phase of AR is to ... plan a change to test in practice. reflect after teaching. collect final data. grade students.

The term action refers to ... implementing change in the classroom. writing reports. testing grammar. assigning homework.

Research in AR means ... systematic collection of evidence. memorising facts. copying texts. random discussion.

Teachers begin AR because they ... see a problem or question in their own practice. need extra credit. must follow orders. want promotion.

AR is classified as ... qualitative and collaborative. quantitative only. theoretical research. policy evaluation.

The main benefit of AR is ... professional growth through reflection. more administration. less student interaction. shorter lessons.

Reflection in AR helps teachers to ... understand what works and why. grade faster. avoid feedback. reduce data.

AR is cyclical because ... results lead to new questions and actions. it never ends. it repeats errors. teachers like circles.

Carr and Kemmis define AR as ... self-reflective inquiry by practitioners. external evaluation. statistical survey. policy audit.

The purpose of the observe stage is to ... gather evidence on the action's effects. publish results. grade papers. plan vacations.

The final reflect stage leads to ... new plans and deeper understanding. grading only. ending the course. no change.

According to Burns, AR is both ... a process and a mindset. a theory only. an exam system. a policy.

AR encourages teachers to be ... agents of change. passive followers. administrators. data clerks.

Collaboration in AR is important because ... teachers learn from each other. it adds competition. it replaces ethics. it eliminates data.

The "spiral" model of AR shows ... continuous improvement through cycles. a linear sequence. repetition without learning. one-time testing.

AR promotes a view of teachers as ... reflective practitioners. technicians only. policy enforcers. students.

Data in AR can be ... qualitative, quantitative, or both. imaginary. irrelevant. secret.