Clinical Chem (V)

A nonspecific response to inflammation that includes elevation of certain plasma proteins and decrease of others due to cytokine producion is referred to as a(n): cytokine response. acute-phase response. reduction reaction. allergic reaction.

An ampholyte is a(n): protein that contains one or more prosthetic groups. organic compound that contains both amino and carboxyl functional groups. ionized molecule with balanced negative andpositive charges. relatively short chain of amino acids.

The pH at which a molecule such as a protein has a net charge of zero is referred to as the. dissociation constant. solubility point. isoelectric focus point. isoelectric point.

A paraprotein is: immunoglobulin heavy chains. a sidechain of a protein. a prosthetic group. a monoclonal immunoglobulin.

In the biuret reaction for the protein quantification. an increase in buffer pH causes protein to bind to a blue dye. cooper ions complex with peptide bonds in proteins. a change in the refractive index of light is measured. protein is precipitated by the addition of an acid solution.

As a separation technique, serum protein electrophoresis depends on: The number of peptide bods present in a protein molecule. the tertiary structure of the protein. the ratio of the protein's charge to hydrodynamic size. the affinity of the protein for the support medium.

Analyzing protein in cerebrospinal fluid is done to: asssess the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. determine the permeability of the glomerular membrane. determine the presence of fetal defects. diagnose gastrointestinal protein loss.

The plasma protein that serves to transport a large number of compounds including bilirubin, calcium, drugs and free fatty acids is: immunoglobulin G. prealbumin. haptoglobin. albumin.

Most proteins are synthesized. by the hepatic parenchymal cells. in the kidney juxtaglomerular cells. in the gastrointestinal tract. in cellular mitochondria.

A malignant neoplasm of a clone of plasma cells that diffuses throughout the bone marrow and that is diagnosed in part by identification of a paraprotein in blood or urine is referred to as: multiple myeloma. Bence-Jones protein. hypogammaglobulinemia. Wilson disease.

Hemolysis of a plasma sample will most likely affect which of the following and why?. Sodium; it is present in equal amounts both intracellularly and extracellularly. Glucose; it moves out of cells into plasma. Insulin; it is the major intracellular anion and is present in high amounts in RBCs. Potassium; it is localized mainly within cells, particularly RBCs.

Which of the ollowing equations is the correct Henderson- Hasselbalch equation?. pK′ = pH + log [cHCO3]/[cH2CO3]. pK′ = pH + log [cH2CO3]/[cHCO3]. pH = pK′ + log [cHCO3]/[c H2CO3]. pH = pK′ + log [c H2CO3]/[cHCO3].

Oxygen is transported in blood in two forms. Which of the following is the most prevalent method of transport?. As carboxyhemoglobin. Dissolved in body fluid. Attached to carbon dioxide. As oxyhemoglobin.

T e major extracellular anion is. sodium. potassium. chloride. carbon dioxide.

Circulating levels of sodium are ultimately regulated by which of the following?. Kidneys. Diet. Gastrointestinal tract. Hemoglobin saturation.

The correct formula for calculating the SO2% (oxygen saturation) of arterial blood is which of the following?. ([oxyhemoglobin + deoxyhemoglobin]/oxyhemoglobin)× 100. oxyhemoglobin/[oxyhemoglobin + deoxyhemoglobin])× 100. deoxyhemoglobin/[oxyhemoglobin + deoxyhemoglobin]) × 100. oxyhemoglobin/deoxyhemoglobin) × 100.

Which of the following are causes of decreased PO2?. Elevated RBC count. Defective alveoli in the lungs. Increased hemoglobin concentration. All of the above are correct.

T e oxygen dissociation curve is a graphic plot of. the number of circulating erythrocytes. the normality of the hemoglobin structure. oxygen saturation of hemoglobin at a specific PO2. the pressure of O2 at 50 g/dL of hemoglobin.

If solute is added to pure solvent, the colligative properties of that solution are altered. The freezing point of a solution is beyond that of pure solvent when solute is added to solvent. lowered. not changed. raised.

In the body, total CO2, hydrogen ion, and HCO− 3 concentrations are interrelated. T is can be illustrated by a formula. Fill in the blanks (a, b, and c) to correctly complete this formula: a + H2O <----> b <----> HCO3 + c. a = CO2; b = H; c = H2CO3. a = H2CO3; b = CO2; c = H. a = H; b = H2CO3; c = CO2. a = CO2; b = H2CO3; c = H.