Complementos Inglés (1-5)

The European Language Portfolio has three components: the language biography, the language passport and: the dossier. the personal ID. individual qualification record.

Which approach ignores students' errors unless there is some communication failure?. the Communicative approach. the Natural Approach. Task-based Language Learning.

The fact of temporarily permitting minority language students to use their mother tongue until they are considered proficient enough in the majority language to be placed alongside majority language students can be termed as: Transitional bilingual education. Maintenance education. Mainstream education.

When Pérez-Vidal refers to the CLIL programmes in Spain she talks about “minority language maintenance programmes”. What does this mean?. where the learner will rarely, if ever, have opportunity for exposure to the target language outside of the classroom; for example, a student who is studying German while living in Spain would be studying in a foreign language environment. where language minority children use their native, home or heritage language in school as a major medium of instruction. The goal of such education is full bilingualism, biculturalism and biliteracy. where the language learner is exposed to the target language outside of the classroom in a variety of settings; for example, students who come to Canada to learn English are learning in a second language environment.

The Total Physical Response method is based on the premise that the more intense a memory connection is traced, the stronger the memory association will be and the more likely it will be recalled: True. False.

According to the author, what are the two reasons which make the CLIL approach different from previously existing experiences?. vocabulary and grammar are emphasized and reading and writing are the primary skills that students work on. evaluation is always conducted in student's normal in-class performance and not through formal tests. Errors are corrected gently, with the teacher using a soft voice. its multifaceted nature since it comprises different levels: social, educational, and linguistic and cognitive and that it has benefited from earlier methodological lessons.

If a speaker starts to speak a language at the same time, he/she learns another one, his/her bilingualism will be: overlapping. simultaneous. paring.

In CLIL: a balanced focused between content and language in the classroom is intended. content dominates over language objectives. language is more emphasized than content.

Michael Halliday, John Firth and Dell Hymes are some proponents of the: Content-based instruction. Cooperative learning. Communicative approach.

The vehicular language which allows inter-comprehension among people speaking different mother tongues, as a neutral language or jargon of which nobody can claim ownership, but also as the mother tongue of one of the parties in the exchange is labelled: lingua franca. medium of instruction. parole.

What are the objectives that the EU has put forward for promoting multilingualism?. the diversification of modern languages learned as early in life as possible; the promotion of democratic access to knowledge for all European citizens; and the prioritized development of linguistic abilities through nursery, primary and secondary school. the improvement in the communicative competences in varios languages other than the L1, the respect among different nationalities and beliefs, educational cooperation among countries in the EU. the learning of at least two more languages apart from the mother tongue, the possibilities of traveling, studying and working abroad to countries that hold an agreement with the country of origin.

Diversity is not only about children with special needs, but about all the students, who learn in different ways, with different personalities and psychological styles: True. False.

What is a “Stay Abroad" Programme?. The programme that makes it possible for students to obtain a grant to do an internship in their field of expertise in international companies all around the world. The programme that makes it possible for students to learn and study online in their countries of origins while being enrolled in universities abroad. The programme that makes it possible for students to have mobility and get immersed in countries where languages other than their L1 are used in all spheres of life, for example, in education.

The fact that all the languages that an individual knows support each other in a certain way and there are no clear boundaries in the roles they carry out at the time of taking part in an act of communication is known as: multilingualism. plurilingualism. bilingualism.

The _________ of curricular implementation has to do with the design of the "Programación de Aula", which contains all the necessary elements for the daily work of every student: Second. Third. First.

A dominant language does not change overtime. It is always the same language that functions as dominant for a speaker and it is usually the native tongue: True. False.

The main competences established by the European Reference Framework are the following: both answers are correct. critical thinking, creativity, initiative, problem solving, risk assessment, decision taking and constructive management. communication in the mother tongue, communication in foreign languages, mathematical competence and basic competences in science and technology, digital competence, learning to learn, social and civic competence, sense of initiative and entrepreneurship, and cultural awareness and expression.

There are _____ levels of curricular implementation: Two. Four. Three.

________ is official defined by the European Reference Framework as a combination of knowledge, skills and attitudes appropriate to the context. The key ones are those which all individuals need for personal fulfilment and development, active citizenship, social inclusion and employment: Competence. Ability. Proficiency.

Individuals' natural, habitual, preferred ways of absorbing, processing, and retaining information and skills which persist regardless of teaching methods or content area are broadly referred to as: psychological leaner features. communication strategies. learning styles.

The linguistic theory that bases on the idea that the learner begins with a clean slate and languages are then learned through positive and negative reinforcements is called: Cognitivism. Behaviourism. Generative Grammar.

The specifications of the curriculum evaluation criteria that help define the learning outcomes and that fix what the students must know, understand and do in every subject are: the assessment attitudes. the standards of learning outcomes. the evaluation procedures.

Loan words occur in any language due to the presence of items or ideas not present in the culture before, such as modern technology: True. False.

The fact that in a society or in an individual's mind there is a certain number of language available is known as: plurilingualism. multilingualism. bilingualism.

In __________ students are understood as whole persons and language as a social process that focuses on their affective needs. Students tend to work in groups and it is them who decide what to learn and when to learn it depending on their needs and teacher's perception: Community Language Learning. Group work. Cooperative Learning.

Grammar is taught ______ is the teacher presents the rules in an explicit way and then students are asked to carry out activities in which they apply that knowledge: consciously. inductively. deductively.

Grammar is taught _______ is the teacher provides students with examples from which rules will be inferred since they are implicit; thus, grammar is learned unconsciously: top-down. inductively. deductively.

The process of developing a correct use of the language mostly depends on exposure. The longer the exposure to correct patterns of language, the faster the children will acquire a correct use: True. False.

The communicative situation in which a speaker feels stuck and anxious, with the impression of coming into conflict with his/her own values and seems not to be able to react according to the common use of the other community is often called: athomy. anophy. anomy.

Communicative Competence is a concept that was introduced by: Stephen Krashen. Canale and Swain. Dell Hymes.

____________ refers to the fact that a language user only feels identified with the values of one of the cultures of all the languages he/she speaks: Acculturation. Monoculturalism. Culturation.

The Natural approach is based on: Chomsky's Generative Grammar. Krashen's Language Acquisition Theory. Skinner's Behaviourist theory.

__________ is the term used to describe the different varieties of English which have developed in the former British colonies: New Englishes. Creoles. Lingua Franca.

The main features of the ____________ include total communication through the target language, the learning of practical and everyday vocabulary, oral communication as a top priority and the study of grammar inductively: Direct method. Silent Way. TPR.

Moag's 'life cycle of non-native Englishes' describes five different processes, among which _______ is included: transportation. pidginization. recognition.

SLA stands for: Second Language Acquisition. Second Linguistic Attainment. Systematic Language Automatization.

_______ a language has to do with the strategies that the learner voluntarily and consciously activates to get to know aspects of a language: Acquiring. Improving. Learning.

The identification of a speaker with the values of the linguistic community of the target language apart from his/her own is typically referred to as: acculturation. multiculturalism. biculturalism.

If a speaker is more or less equally proficient in two languages, his/her bilingualism will be: equated. dominant. balanced.

_______ refers to the pressure exerted upon an individual or group of individuals to make them abandon their own culture and adopt some other values: Subtractive bilingualism. Forced bilingualism. Divided bilingualism.

Students and teacher facilitate learning by interacting in an interpersonal empathetic relationship, valuing every member of the group in an environment of mutual support based on cooperation. This is true of: The Notional-functional approach. Suggestopedia. Community language learning.

_______ a language occurs when a learner picks up elements of the language grasping them naturally and without any apparent conscious effort. Studying. Learning. Acquiring.

Some of the main features of _____________ include emphasis on oral language based on intensive teacher-controlled sessions, classroom dynamics based on the PPP and the learning of contextualized vocabulary according to frequency and usefulness. the Natural approach. the Oral approach. Suggestopedia.

According to ___________ learning occurs when students are completely relaxed and the teacher takes advantage of this state by using a soft voice, memorization techniques and question-answer exercises to employ the power of suggestion and enhance students' learning: Suggestopedia. TPR. The Lexical Approach.

What comprises the theoretical principles on which the curricular design is based?. the curriculum. the approach. the method.

Some of the linguistic variations to be found in Spanglish are based on elements such as: borrowings, suffixes, literal translations and nominalations. metaphors, metonymies, fronting and grammatical extensions. calques, semantic extensions, emergence of new verbs and loan words.

If the new cultural values of a linguistic community overlap with the speakers' existing ones and both sets of values coexist in harmony, we refer to: Summative bilingualism. Additive bilingualism. Additional bilingualism.

The aim of _________ is to create users of language and to give them opportunities to become active listeners and to check comprehension. These include plenaries and cross-curricular tasks: pre-reading tasks. social interaction activities. warming-up activities.

If a language user speaks several languages but is clearly more proficient in one of them, his/her bilingualism will be: overlapping. dominant. balancing.

What occurs in the Silent Way?. language learning takes place through repetition. the teacher sticks to mime and gestures as much as possible. nobody talks. Only reading is allowed.

______ are translations of entire words or phrases from one language into another which do not imply any lexical or grammatical structural changes: Collocations. Idioms. Calques.

The aim of _______________ is to activate prior knowledge and create learning expectations: communicative activities. post-communication activities. pre-communicative activities.

Following the complementarity principle, bilinguals may have all the domain-specific vocabulary and the discursive and pragmatic references of a domain if those bilinguals did not have the chance to use the language in it: True. False.

A _____ is a simplified version of a language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups that do not have a language in common and is typically employed in situations such as trade: creole. pidgin. dialect.

The development of the CEFR coincided with fundamental changes in language teaching represented by a change from the Grammar-Translation method to the Functional-Notional and Communicative approaches: True. False.

The ____________ had its origins in World War II as soldiers needed to learn languages to communicate in the battlefield: Affective dimension. Direct method. Audio-lingual method.

The _____________ is a document in which those who are learning or have learned one or more languages can record and reflect on their language learning and intercultural experiences: White Book of Teaching and Learning. European Language Portfolio. Language Policy Doc.

If a language user learns a new language after having learned a first one, his/her bilingualism will be: afterwards. consecutive. elapsed.

A ______ is a stable natural language developed from a pidgin is referred to as: vernacular. creole. lingua france.

The explanation derived from the complementarity principle which confirms that languages develop in particular domains, so that the vocabulary and pragmatic resources used in a domain are not necessarily shared in another one supports the myth that bilinguals are excellent translators: True. False.

In Kachru's model of the spread of English, the inner circle includes: those places where English is the primary language. those countries in which English has an institutional component. the earlier phases of the development of English in non-native contexts.

A speaker who is bilingual in two or three languages and is also able to understand two, three or four other languages that are related to the original two or three is often referred to as a: sesquilingual speaker. proficient multilingual speaker. "perfect" bilingual.

The CEFR is action-oriented as it considers users and learners of a language as 'social agents' who have tasks (not exclusively language-related) to accomplish in a given set of circumstances, in a specific environment and within a particular field of action: True. False.

__________ is a linguistic theory that emerged in the early twentieth century and which defends the idea that language is a self-contained structure that only exists when it is related to other elements (signifier, signified and sign) which make its existence possible: Structuralism. Behaviorism. Cognitivism.

Match the concept and its definition: the language in which a person grows during their very first years, commonly the language that is spoken at home and family environment: foreign language. second language. mother tongue.

The CEFR is based on two essential elements:: descriptive scheme of language use and learning and scales of proficiency regarding the knowledge of a language and the skill in using it. explanations of syllabuses and descriptions of curriculum guidelines. descriptors of formal language aspects and evaluation criteria.

The main features of the ________________ method include reading literature, focusing on reading and writing, the study of the language through the analysis of grammar rules, memorizing decontextualized lists of vocabulary, the use of written texts as translation tools and the figure of the teacher as classroom authority: Grammar-Translation. Literal. Practice, production, practice.

The language teaching method that is carried out through mimic and long silent periods from the teacher is known as: the Mute method. the Silence approach. the Silent Way.

The ______________ uses the same basic procedures used for teaching classical languages such as Greek and Latin: Direct method. Grammar-Translation method. Declension method.

The scale offered by the CEFR is composed of __________ proficiency levels formulated in terms of _______: six ascending / outcomes. five descending / learning results. three ascending / objectives.

The aim of _____________ is to engage students and help them develop communicative skills. At this moment, the teacher checks and provides feedback: pre-communicative activities. post-listening tasks. communicative activities.

Research has found that bilingualism remember things better if the language used to recall a fact, event o some kind of information is the same that the language used in the domain. True. False.

Krashen’s Monitor Model develops around five hypotheses. One of them is: The Cognitive Theory. The Monitor Hyphothesis. Input enhancement.

If a speaker has been exposed to two languages in different contexts and there are no identical translation equivalents for concepts in both language, we will be talking about: Compound bilingualism. Coordinated bilingualism. Compounding bilingualism.

If a speaker learns an L2 fusing at brain level new words to their translation equivalents in the L1 we will talk about. Coordinated bilingualism. Additive bilingualism. Compound bilingualism.

The pieces if oral and/or written language that individuals are exposed to while they are trying to learn an L2 are referred to as: Input. Output. Intake.

Each of the items of language performance used to describe the competence developed by learner, which in most cases is expressed in ‘Can Do’ statements are called: Waystages. Scales. Descriptors.

Which approach involved a first group of activities focusing on commands, then interaction dialogues and afterwards dramatization and role-plays – all of them resorting to physical action?. Reading method. Audivisual method. Total physical response.

Learning a language involves: The whole amount of input that learners understand seems relevant in making learning possible. The subconscious process during which learners are unaware of the knowledge gain. The conscious process during which learners are fully aware of the knowledge gain.

The ___________________ proposed by Jean Grosjean states that bilingualism usually acquire and use their languages for different purposes, in different domains of life, with different people. Different aspects of life often require different languages: Completion principle. Complementarity principle. Purposeful principle.

Which method avoids using the mother tongue in the classroom?. The Grammar-translation method. Suggestopedia. The Direct Method.

The process of _______ of language refers to the creation of a new local variety of English by bilingual and multilingual speakers which is influenced by the linguistic systems and cultural norms of the speakers’ first language. Translanguaging. Nativization. Extrapolation.

In Kachru’s model of the spread of English, the middle circle includes. those non-native contexts where English is an institutional component and has an important status as a second language. native-English speaking areas. those countries in which English works as an international language.

Schneider identifies five phases in the cycle of English spread: foundation, exonormative and endonormative stabilization, nativisation and: institutionalization. differentiation. indigenization.

An official language which works as a symbolic representation of national identity apart from being used as the means of communication in that society has: a nationalistic function. both answers are correct. a nationist function.

The language teaching method that emerged as a reaction against the Grammar-Translation method was: CALL. PPP. the Direct method.