Construct Learning

In a minimal pair activity like distinguishing "pat" from "bat", which domain is being targeted?. a) Morphology. b) Syntax. c) Phonology. d) Semantics.

How does language function in the construction of individual and group identity?. a) It imposes external rules that suppress individuality. b) It conveys shared norms, values, and cultural perspectives. c) It avoids cultural interference for neutrality. d) It limits identity to predefined grammatical categories.

How does language reflect its interdependence with society?. a) It develops separately from cultural and societal values. b) It adapts only to technological changes, not social norms. c) It exists in constant relation with the society that creates and shapes it. d) It functions independently as a universal cognitive system.

Which approach most effectively uses L1 to enhance L2 comprehension?. a) Translating every text word-for-word into L1. b) Pre-teaching key vocabulary in L1 before L2 reading. c) Prohibiting any use of L1 to force immersion. d) Using L1 only for administrative announcements.

Why must advanced learners be aware of false friends?. a) Because they always have identical meanings across languages. b) Because they can lead to misunderstandings in complex communication. c) Because they are the only source of vocabulary in L1. d) Because avoiding them makes learners perfect speakers.

How does connectionism explain language acquisition?. a) Through innate grammar modules only. b) Through unconscious translation practices. c) Through strengthening mental links based on repetition and experience. d) Through rigid memorization of syntactic formulas.

36. Which condition best supports simultaneous bilingual development in early childhood?. a) One language is introduced only after the child turns five. b) Parents switch languages inconsistently each day. c) Caregivers consistently use both languages in meaningful interaction. d) One parent discourages the use of L1 at home.

Why is promoting language maintenance important in bilingual communities?. a) To eliminate code-switching behaviors. b) To ensure complete replacement of minority languages. c) To retain cultural identity and intergenerational communication. d) To force standardization of educational systems.

Which scenario best reflects increased cognitive flexibility due to bilingualism?. a) A bilingual child shows delayed syntax in both languages. b) A bilingual adolescent shifts efficiently between tasks requiring different rules. c) A monolingual teen memorizes historical dates easily. d) A learner resists peer correction during language tasks.

Which policy would most promote multilingualism in education?. a) Banning use of L1 to encourage national unity. b) Implementing trilingual curricula respecting local, national, and foreign languages. c) Encouraging early L2 acquisition while phasing out L1. d) Focusing solely on English proficiency.

40. Why should bilingual assessment practices promote inclusion?. a) To reinforce monolingual classroom standards. b) To identify which students should stop using L1. c) To value linguistic diversity and reduce systemic bias. d) To label students according to fluency.

What is a central implication of Threshold Theory for bilingual education?. a) Students should only focus on their first language to succeed academically. b) Bilingual students must reach a certain proficiency in both languages to benefit cognitively. c) Bilingualism automatically improves intelligence regardless of proficiency. d) Bilingual students perform worse than monolinguals in academic contexts.

Which classroom activity exemplifies learners creating meaningful language units rather than just memorizing vocabulary?. a) Matching words to definitions in isolation. b) Designing a mini-dialogue using newly learned structures to solve a problem. c) Repeating word lists aloud without context. d) Copying vocabulary from the board into notebooks.

Which reflection question encourages learners to evaluate their own communicative competence?. a) Did I follow the teacher's instructions?. b) How effectively did I adjust my language to different social contexts during the activity?. c) How many words did I write?. d) Can I spell every word correctly?.

Which strategy exemplifies Primary Language Support (PLS) in the classroom?. a) Using monolingual English dictionaries only. b) Labeling classroom objects in both English and students' L1. c) Restricting all discussion to English. d) Delivering lectures solely in L1.