Cuestionario de Lingüística General

The sound /m/ is best classified as: voiceless alveolar stop. voiced bilabial nasal. voiced velar fricative. voiceless labiodental fricative.

Which is one of the most common semantic universals?. Verbs in ing form. Suffixes. Prefixes. Notion of color.

A researcher records how English speakers use the word selfie in 2026. Which type of study is this?. Comparative. Historical. Synchronic. Diachronic.

Which is a synonym of the word sofa?. tree. couch. bank. armchair.

The suffix -er in teacher represents which process?. Derivation. Clipping. Inflection. Blending.

Who devised the model of speech circuit?. Rogers. Levi. Saussure. Bühler.

Which universal is illustrated by word order variation across languages?. Phonological universal. Semantic universal. Historical universal. Syntactic universal.

Which word has an interdental sound?. Sun. brush. church. Thin.

A teacher studies how children acquire plural -s. Which field is involved?. Language Acquisition. Sociolinguistics. Anthropological Linguistics. Semiotics.

Which task connects universals with history of English?. Copy kings list. Translate paragraph. Compare languages and trace English over time. Memorize dates.

In walked, the suffix -ed represents: Derivation. Inflection. Compounding. Conversion.

Which IPA symbol represents the first sound in “this”?. /ð/. /z/. /d/. /θ/.

Which discipline studies language change and relationships between languages?. neurolinguistics. Sociolinguistics. Historical linguistics. Language acquisition.

English has fewer case endings than Old English. This shows: Morphological simplification over time. Loss of semantic meaning. Creation of universal. Expansion of vocal tract.

Which word is formed through compounding?. Teacher. Blackboard. Quickly. Unhappy.

Which field is related to how the human brain works?. CLT. Parole. Linguistics. Langue.

What manner of articulation is in "pit"?. Aspiration. Plosive. Place of articulation. Interdentals.

Early Germanic language is called: Proto-Germanic. Clio-Germanic. Proto-Germanic. Sant-Germanic.

Emotional association with a word is called: Denotation. Lexis. Morphs. Connotation.

Word "cloud" in weather and tech refers to: Phonetics. Syntax. Neurolinguistics. Semantics.

Which term refers to morphemes that are interrupted within a word structure?. Inflectional morphemes. Lexical morphemes. Portmanteau morphemes. Discontinuous morphemes.

Which process adds grammatical information without changing word class?. Derivation. Compounding. Inflection. Clipping.

The pronunciation change in plural -s (dogs → /z/) depends on: Syllable count. Word length. Stress pattern. Voicing of the final sound.

Which period of English shows strong French influence and reduced inflections?. Old English. Modern English. Pre-English. Middle English.

What do languages show when they express the same function with different word orders?. Phonological restriction. Morphological confusion. Same syntactic function, different surface structure. Random grammatical behavior.

Which language dominated government and court during the Middle English period?. Saxon. Gaelic. Latin. French.

The study of how children learn to form questions belongs to: Semantics. Semiotics. Historical linguistics. Language acquisition.

A sound produced with complete closure and sudden air release is called: Nasal. Fricative. Affricate. Plosive.

What is another term related to separable meaning units in words?. Lexicon. Function words. Affixes. Morphemes.

The process where the receiver converts sound into mental meaning is: Competence. Performance. Phonation. Audition.

The study of speech sounds as physical waves belongs to: Articulatory phonetics. Auditory phonetics. Semantics. Acoustic phonetics.

Which term describes a morpheme that can stand alone as a word?. Bound morpheme. Affix. Free morpheme. Inflection.

In syntax, a constituent refers to: A sound unit. A meaning unit. A letter group. A syntactic unit that functions as a single part of a sentence.

Which sentence shows an object complement structure?. The teacher arrived early. The students slept. They elected him president. She ran quickly.

What does phonology study?. Meaning. Sentence structure. Sound systems of language. Word formation rules.

A language that uses particles instead of suffixes to mark plurality shows: Phonological change. Morphological variation. Semantic shift. Pragmatic change.

What is pragmatics mainly concerned with?. Word formation. Sound production. Sentence structure. Meaning in context.

Which is an example of derivation?. cats. walked. happy → happiness. book.

What does the IPA primarily represent?. Grammar rules. Word meanings. Speech sounds. Sentence structure.

A language universal refers to: Rules only in English. Rare language features. Features shared by all human languages. Historical grammar rules.

Which term refers to a word that has multiple related meanings?. Homonymy. Antonymy. Synonymy. Polysemy.

What does sociolinguistics mainly study?. Sound systems. Word formation. Language in social context. Brain processing.

Which is an example of a bound morpheme?. book. go. house. -ness.

The study of how sounds are physically produced is called: Acoustic phonetics. Auditory phonetics. Articulatory phonetics. Semantics.

Which pair shows a minimal pair contrast?. cat / dog. big / small. run / walk. ship / sheep.

What is pragmatics concerned with?. Grammar rules. Sound production. Word structure. Meaning in context.

Which is a characteristic of human language?. Fixed signals. Random noises. Displacement. No structure.

A change from Old English “cniht” to Modern “knight” is an example of: Syntax change. Pragmatic shift. Diachronic change. Semantic field.

Which term describes the relationship between sound and meaning being arbitrary?. Iconicity. Motivation. Arbitrariness. Transparency.

Which field studies sentence structure?. Semantics. Morphology. Phonology. Syntax.