EXAMEN_SEMÁNTICA DEL INGLÉS

Choose the incorrect one: The relation between sign and meaning is arbitrary in the case of symbols. Semiotics is a subpart of semantics. Linguistic meaning is basically symbolic. We can communicate meaning in non-linguistic ways.

'Plurality', 'possession', and 'gender' are meanings associated with: Inflectional morphology. Derivational morphology. Closed-class lexemes. Open-class lexemes.

One of these is NOT associated with formal approaches to semantics: Modularity. Innateness. Embodiment. Mentalese.

"The meaning of the whole is a function of meaning of the parts" is an approximat definition of: The formal view of semantics. The Gestalt law of perception. The language acquisition device. Frege's principle of compositionality.

One of these is unrelated to the formal semantics approach: Model-theoretic semantics. Truth-conditional semantics. Cognitive semantics. Logical semantics.

How many of these statements are true? --> A. In priming experiments, a "prime" stimulus may facilitate the processing of the "target". B. Priming experiments have been used to investigate metaphor and polysemy. C. The distance between the beginning of the prime and the beginning of the target is called "stimulus onset Asynchrony". D. Priming is usually attributed to the automatic spread of activation between related meanings in the lexicon. One is true. Two are true. Three are two. All are true.

The fast movements we do with our eyes are called: Fixations. Scans. Saccades. Latencies.

One of these is not an on-line measure: Lexical decisions. Naming. Reading times. Feature listing.

Which is not true: binary semantics features... are complementary. started in the structuralist tradition. work with any type of word. can help to describe selectional restrictions.

The two components of ERPs, which are more informative for linguistic studies, are called __ and __, because they are sensitive to syntax and semantics, respectively: (esta es muy rara, pero bueno). P600 and N400. P400 and N600. N600 and P400. N400 and P600.

Choose the correct one: "The difference between 'sense' and 'reference' is that: 'Sense' is related to the defining properties of an expression, while 'reference' has to do with things that populate the world. 'Reference' is related to generic concepts, while 'sense' is related to specific instances. 'Sense' is physical, while 'reference' is mental. 'Sense' is related to extension, while 'reference' is related to intension.

Expressions that depend on context for their reference are called: Deictics. Denotational. Variable. Truth-conditional.

Denotation is very similar to: Connotation. Sense. Extension. Both 'sense' and 'extension'.

The notion of 'family resemblance' is due to: Labov. Rosch. Aristotle. Wittgenstein.

One of these statements is NOT consistent with the classical account of categorization: Categories are objectively defined in terms of "necessary and sufficient features". Categorization is a dichotomous matter of inclusion or exclusion. Categories are discrete entities with clearly defined boundaries. Categories have an internal structure, that is, degrees of membership.

One of these is not a "prototype effect": Order of mention recall. Order of acquisition. Speed of verification. Categorical boundary fixing.

One of these is NOT a strategy used by children to learn the meaning of words: Lexical contrast. Specific word-learning biases. Use of syntactic cues. Knowledge of a 'theory of mind'.

Identify the example of 'lexical ambiguity': 'My grandfather was a cheerful person.'. 'She was a bright student.'. 'They gave him a warm reception.'. 'I gave her a ring.'.

Only one is NOT 'structurally ambiguous': 'Cleaning ladies can be fun.'. 'Visiting relatives can be boring.'. 'The teacher approached the boy smoking a cigar.'. 'I saw the man with a hat.'.

In 'far' - 'near': 'Far' is the marked term, and 'near' the unmarked one. 'Far' is the unmarked term, and 'near' is the marked one. 'Far' is the prototypical term, and 'near' is the peripheral one. Both are unmarked and prototypical.

In semantic networks, __ is a way of storing information in a more economical way: Spreading. Activation. Inheritance. Priming.