FIN DE CICLO

What approaches does lubricant analysis have?. a. One predictive and one proactive. b. Reducing maintenance costs. c. Identifying machine failures. d. Properly scheduling preventive maintenance.

Which additives are generally present in closed-gear oils?. a. Detergents. b. AW/EP. c. BN. d. Viscosity improvers.

Group III base oils are characterized by... a. being a blend of mineral and synthetic oils (semi-synthetic). b. all of the above. c. being a synthetic base obtained by replicating a hydrocarbon molecule. d. being highly refined mineral oils.

You have mobile equipment with a diesel engine. The fuel you use contains 0.35% sulfur by weight. Which API classification would you choose for your lubricant?. API CK-4. API CI-4. API SL. API CH-4.

You have a bearing operating in a very humid environment and at a high operating temperature, above 140°C. The grease you use has a lithium thickener.Is this application correct or should you change it?. It is correct. It should be changed.

The extreme-pressure additive activates only at the moment surface contact occurs. True. False.

Chemical-compound lubricating films are formed by the action of additives. True. False.

The ingress of contaminants can affect the lubricant's viscosity. True. False.

What is the main reason machines lose their usefulness?. Unforeseen accidents. Presence of water in the lubricant. None of the above. Surface wear.

Greases with a high NLGI number are soft. True. False.

Detection of additive components can be performed using the test... a. Atomic emission spectrometry. b. Particle count. PQ index. Analytical ferrography.

The minimum size the human eye can perceive is: 10 microns. . 80 microns. 1 micron. . 40 microns.

A tribosystem consists of... wear particles and the lubrication element. a body, a counterbody in relative motion, and an intermediate lubricating substance. none of the above. the machine, the lubricant, and the energy source.

Which water-removal methods can we consider?. Electrostatic filtration. Hydrolytic separation. Centrifugation, vacuum dehydration, gravitational settling. Using a 3-micron absolute fiberglass filter.

Fatigue wear can be defined as: Plastic deformation of the metal surface. Metal fracture due to chemical damage. The initial formation of surface pitting due to cyclic loads. The same as adhesive wear.

By implementing a condition-monitoring strategy, corrective maintenance can be completely eliminated at low cost. True. False.

Which wear mechanism causes damage due to the collapse of air bubbles?. Erosion wear. Corrosive wear. Cavitation wear. Adhesive wear.

In a gear reducer, the best way to take a sample is with a vacuum pump and a hose inserted through the oil fill port. True. False.

What would be the capture efficiency of a filter whose Beta ratio is 2000?. 99.95%. 50%. 98.87%. 200%.

According to the NLGI classification, the grade for a low-consistency grease is... ISO VG 46. All consistencies are the same. 000. 6.

Additives can be soap-based or non-soap-based. True. False.

PQ index measurement is only performed for particles larger than 10 microns. True. False.

Regarding greases, which of the following statements is more correct?. Greases require a circulation system. Greases can easily incorporate solid additives. Greases are not good for intermittent operation. Machines that use greases tend to use more power.

Hydrodynamic friction is what occurs between the internal molecules of the lubricant. True. False.

You use an API SM oil for your 2018 gasoline-engine vehicle. I should change the oil to another API grade. It is the appropriate oil.

Compatibility between grease mixtures depends only on thickener compatibility. True. False.

With which of the following lubricant analysis tests is oil oxidation NOT detected?. Karl Fischer. RPVOT. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). Acid number (AN).

Which of the following does NOT affect the reliability of oil analysis results for the equipment?. Sampling port location. The equipment's location within the plant. Taking the sample with the equipment turned off. Correct sampling.

The function of additives is to: suppress undesirable properties of the base oil. all of the above. improve existing properties of the base oil. add new properties to the base oil.

Analytical ferrography is a test that should be completely avoided due to its high cost. True. False.

The synthetic base oil polyol ester can be considered in which API base oil group?. None of the above. V. III. I.

The main characteristic of a lubricant to form a hydrodynamic film is... viscosity. the TBN. the brand name. low water content.

The proportional content of additives in a lubricating oil can be: 10 to 30%. 0.1 to 35%. 5 to 10%. up to 80%.

The sampling port should always be located at a point with laminar flow. True. False.

The lubricant degradation processes are oxidation, thermal degradation, additive depletion, and lubricant mixing. True. False.

When a lubricant's temperature increases, its viscosity... does not change. changes color. increases. decreases.

Which of the following is NOT a type of lubricating film?. Elastohydrodynamic. Boundary hydrodynamic. Hydrodynamic. Mixed film.

If I have an industrial gearbox whose nameplate indicates using an AGMA No. 5 lubricant, its ISO viscosity equivalent is: ISO VG 460. ISO VG 680. It has no equivalent. ISO VG 220.

With which maintenance strategy do we focus on eliminating root causes of failure?. Preventive. Predictive. Proactive. Corrective.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lubricant?. Restart the equipment. Cool. Seal. Separate surfaces.

All additives are substances that activate only when they come into contact with the machinery. True. False.

One of the benefits of synthetic oils is... their great compatibility with paints and seals. their high compatibility with mineral oils. their high resistance to oxidation. their low cost.

The anti-wear additive is active in the base oil. True. False.

Condition-based maintenance seeks to... operate the equipment until it fails. intervene based on the hour meter (service hours). none of the above. identify oil condition and other root causes.

A circulating oil circuit system only requires one sampling point. True. False.

If our equipment operates at high speed, the viscosity should be... a. It is not important if the thickener is appropriate. High. Low. It depends on NLGI variation.

Monitoring the BN of a hydraulic oil is very important to detect its degradation. True. False.

This is an international standard for grease classification. SAE. AGMA. NLGI. ASTM.

Which of the following components generally requires the cleanest oil?. Hydraulic systems. Turbines. Internal combustion engines. Gear reducers.

The AN can start at a value greater than 0. True. False.

At what temperature is kinematic viscosity measured for industrial lubricants?. 100°C. 40°C. At any temperature. 0°C.

What is the most common type of wear in machinery?. All of the above. Abrasive. Adhesive. Corrosive.

Which parameters are monitored with lubricant analysis?. None of the above. Machinery wear. Lubricant health, contamination, and machinery wear. Scheduling the oil change.

Base oil can be mineral, synthetic, or vegetable. True. False.

The coexistence states of water in oil are: Dissolved, emulsified, and free. All of the above. Free, dissolved, settled. Dissolved, with bubbles, and micro-entrapped.

Which additive aims to control soot agglomeration?. Demulsifiers. Antioxidants. Detergents. Dispersants.

Within the field of tribology, friction is a problem that must be minimized as much as possible. True. False.

Thermal degradation of a lubricant occurs when... All of the above. The oil's surface tension breaks. The acid number decreases abruptly. It occurs at very high temperatures, due only to heat and in the absence of oxygen.

What is the definition of a substance's density?. It is the viscosity of a substance. It is the resistance a substance has to flow. It is the product of a substance's mass and its volume. It is the volume of a substance divided by its mass.

Adhesive wear can be defined as... The adhesion of wear particles to varnish deposits. The adhesion of oil layers to the metal surface. The transfer of metallic particles from one surface to another through localized welding processes. The transfer of silicon particles from one metal surface to another.

What type of maintenance is carried out under early detection of failure symptoms?. Predictive. Proactive. Preventive. Corrective.

During operation and natural oil degradation, the AN generally: decreases. stays the same. increases. is intermittent.

The resistance a lubricant has to flow is known as: Viscosity. Density. Pour point. Dropping point.

What are the main phenomena studied in tribology?. Friction, wear, and lubrication. Temperature, humidity, air, and dust. Wear, corrosion, and vibration. Lubrication, maintenance, and performance indicators.