Human Physiology 2

Muscle spindles are: embedded receptors of deep connective matter and help to maintain muscle tone. embedded receptors of superficial connective matter and help to maintain muscle tone. Central receptors of deep dermis and help to maintain body temperature.

Thyroidal hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine) regulate: increase the blood level of calcium. lower the blood level of calcium. regulate metabolism, growth and development, and activity of nervous system.

Smooth muscle fibers are: striated, regulated by autonomous system, and do not show fatigue. non-striated, regulated by pyramidal and extrapyramidal system and show high fatigue. non-striated, regulated by autonomous system and do not show fatigue.

Somatosensory cortex is situated at: in precentral gyrus, in parietal lobe. in temporal lobe. in postcentral gyrus, in parietal lobe.

Pepsin is: enzyme of duodenal juice and its role is breakdown of carbohydrates. enzyme of gastric juice and its role is breakdown of proteins. enzyme of gastric juice and its role is breakdown of carbohydrates.

Main physiological role of cerebellum is: coordination of movement, maintenance of posture and balance, and muscle tone control. recognition of pain, temperature, light touch and pressure and recognition of pleasant and unpleasant feelings. short term and long term memory storage location.

Skeletal muscle fibers are: striated, regulated by autonomous system, and do not show fatigue. striated, regulated by pyramidal and extrapyramidal system and show high fatigue. non-striated, regulated by autonomous system and do not show fatigue.

Main pancreatic hormones are: Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin. Insulin and glucagon and somatostatin. Insulin, melatonin and renin.

Maintenance of calcemia (level of Ca²⁺ in blood) as a result of action of calcitonin and parathormone is an example of: Synergistic effect. Antagonistic effect. Positive feedback control.

Human ears are diploid and have: 22 pairs of autosomes and one Y chromosome in female and XX in male. 22 pairs of autosomes and one X chromosome in female and XY in male. 44 autosome chromosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes (XX in female and XY in male) ✅.

The only one energy substrate that can be utilized without oxygen is: Amino acids. Glucose. Ketones.

Pancreatic juice in duodenum has: pH 8 and an amount of about 1 to 2 liters/24 hours. pH 4.5–5 and an amount of about 1500 ml/24 hours. pH 6.9 and an amount of about 3 to 5 liters/24 hours.

Main function of small intestine is: Secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and synthesis of some substances. Absorption (luminal digestion) of nutrients and movement of chyme in GI system. Digestion of proteins, phospholipids and production of antibodies.

Diabetes is: blood disease. plasma blood cells. metabolic disorder due to insulin deficiency.

ACTH hormone controls: Aldosterone production. Cortisol production. Insulin production.

Thyroid hormones and triiodothyronine regulate: increase blood level of calcium. decrease blood level of calcium. regulate metabolism, growth and development, and activity of nervous system.

Great role in hormonal regulation has: neuroendocrine hypothalamus and anterior pituitary hormones. neuroendocrine hypothalamus and posterior pituitary hormones. secretion of anterior pituitary hormones only.

Secretion of saliva: increases due to sympathetic nervous system stimulation and decreases due to parasympathetic nervous system stimulation. decreases due to sympathetic nervous system stimulation and increases due to parasympathetic nervous system stimulation. is not regulated by autonomic nervous system.

Muscle spindles are: peripheral receptors of deep dermis and help to maintain muscle tone. central receptors of superficial connective matter and help to maintain body temperature. central receptors of deep connective matter and help to maintain muscle tone.

Main pancreatic hormones are: insulin and glucagon and somatostatin. insulin and ketones and renin. insulin and glucose and leptin.

Peripheral nerves include: 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves. 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 43 pairs of spinal nerves. 24 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

The reflexes are: all reflexes are active only during exercise. first type of reflexes responds to the first type receptors but not all the second type receptors. first type of reflexes responds to one type receptor and second type responds to other receptors.