ING RED

The following signal words are used in the product documentation in order to warn the reader about risks and dangers: danger, warning, caution, notice. What is the aim of signal words?. To alert the reader to different levels of hazard associated with using the product. To provide step-by-step instructions on how to use the product safely. To emphasize important features and benefits of the product. To highlight key specifications and technical details.

The following signal words are used in the product documentation in order to warn the reader about risks and dangers: danger, warning, caution, notice. What is the difference between “danger” and “warning”?. Danger indicates a potential risk, while Warning signals a certain risk. Danger is used to indicate any level of risk, while Warning is only used for minor injuries. Danger indicates an immediate and certain risk, whereas Warning signals a potential but serious risk. Danger and Warning mean the same thing and can be used interchangeably.

These signal words are in accordance with the standard definition for civil applications in the European Economic Area. Definitions that deviate from the standard definition may also exist in other economic areas or military applications. It is therefore essential to make sure that the signal words described here are always used only in connection with the related product documentation and the related product. The use of signal words in connection with unrelated products or documentation can result in misinterpretation and in personal injury or material damage. What can happen in military applications?. The standard definition of signal words could be different. Signal words are not necessary in military applications. Military applications always follow the same signal word definitions as civil applications. Signal words in military applications are only used for equipment maintenance, not for safety warnings.

These signal words are in accordance with the standard definition for civil applications in the European Economic Area. Definitions that deviate from the standard definition may also exist in other economic areas or military applications. It is therefore essential to make sure that the signal words described here are always used only in connection with the related product documentation and the related product. The use of signal words in connection with unrelated products or documentation can result in misinterpretation and in personal injury or material damage. What must be observed when using the before mentioned signal words?. They can be used freely for any product or documentation. They should only be used in military applications. They must always be replaced with alternative warning terms. They must be used in connection with related products or documentation.

On 25 September 2018, Mr. Simon Fisher was the Aircraft Supervisor for SERCO Glider Maintenance Section at RAF Syerston. He was tasked with carrying out a mandated servicing requirement on the cable pulley of a Viking glider aircraft. The inspection on the nose release assembly cable pulleys was required to confirm whether plastic or metal items were fitted. Which item had Mr. Simon Fisher to inspect?. A cable. A pulley. The nose of the aircraft. The glider.

The inspection is carried out using a Remote Viewing Aid (RVA). While routing the RVA through the access aperture, Mr. Fisher observed that the end of the aerotow cable and assembly was wedged, causing a restriction that might have impeded the release of the aerotow cable. The mandatory instruction made no reference to inspecting this area of the assembly. Following this incident being notified, aero towing of gliders was halted until a fleet-wide check had been made. A further two aircraft were found to have the same fault. What did Mr. Fisher find out during the inspection?. The aerotow cable. The nose wheel was wedged. An unexpected problem. A restricted area.

The inspection is carried out using a Remote Viewing Aid (RVA). While routing the RVA through the access aperture, Mr. Fisher observed that the end of the aerotow cable and assembly was wedged, causing a restriction that might have impeded the release of the aerotow cable. The mandatory instruction made no reference to inspecting this area of the assembly. Following this incident being notified, aero towing of gliders was halted until a fleet-wide check had been made. A further two aircraft were found to have the same fault. What measures were taken after that inspection?. A fleet-wide mandatory instruction. Gliders were grounded until every single aircraft was checked for the issue. Checking was halted to inspect this area of the assembly. A further inspection was performed in other two aircraft.

On 24 June 2019, at RAF Linton-on-Ouse, the Qualified Flight Instructor crewed in, as is normal practice, to the rear seat of a Tucano aircraft. Whilst strapping in, Ms. Johnson, the flight line engineer, noticed that a nut and bolt had sheared off the canopy closing mechanism and was resting on the rail of the fuselage that the canopy closes against. When did Ms. Johnson notice the problem?. During the standard walk-around inspection. During the normal practice. When the Flight Instructor was already in the seat. When the pilot tried to close the canopy.

This had not been noticed during the standard walk around, nor as the crew entered the cockpit. Upon looking at the rear cockpit closing bracket, Ms. Johnson noticed it looked different to the front one and hence identified the sheared bolt. How did Ms. Johnson identify the sheared bolt?. By comparing it to the one in the technical order. By comparing the front and rear cockpit closing brackets. By asking the engineer about the rear cockpit closing bracket. By asking the instructor pilot.

The sheared nut/bolt was recovered, and the front bolts were checked and found also to be loose. Following an immediate crew-out, a fleet-wide check was instigated. The aircraft was declared unserviceable immediately, and the hazard was reported to the Chain of Command. After the incident, ... the fleet was declared unserviceable immediately. the Chain of Command was also found to be loose. that aircraft was rendered unserviceable and the fleet checked. all pilots were reported as a hazard.

On 2 October 2018, Captain John Plummer, a Babcock International Contractor pilot was flying an RAF Grob 115E Tutor from RAF Wittering when he noticed unusual engine indications and elected to curtail the sortie and recover the aircraft to Wittering. On 2nd October 2018, Captain John ... plummeted over Babcock International Airport. was the tutor of a wannabe pilot. contracted a pilot to get to RAF Wittering. decided to shorten his sortie and return to Wittering.

As he approached the airfield, in a strong headwind, the situation worsened. Captain Plummer actioned the appropriate engine emergency action drills and declared a PAN. Over the next 6 minutes the engine performance degraded, and eventually the engine and propeller stopped. Captain Plummer was unable to maintain height and the aircraft entered a glide descent, upgrading his emergency to a MAYDAY. The Pilot declared a MAYDAY... when he noticed a problem in the engine. when he had to curtail the sortie. when the engine stopped. before entering a glide descent.

Even though he had the airfield in sight before the emergency was fully developed, he correctly assessed that, with the strong headwind, it was highly unlikely that he was going to make it to the airfield. Captain Plummer began assessing the terrain for a suitable landing site. He eventually made a textbook forced landing in a field just over 1km short of the runway. The aircraft suffered no damage and the pilot was unhurt. The forced landing the pilot conducted ... was because of a textbook. was partially caused by the headwind. was performed just over the short runway of the airfield. caused a lot of damage to the aircraft.

On 20 September 2019, a Royal Flight Citation aircraft was due to depart Leuchars Diversion Airfield with a member of the Royal Family onboard. The pilot and co-pilot had completed their walk around, boarded the aircraft with their passengers and proceeded to start both engines. Senior Airman Nicoll approached the aircraft and carried out a visual inspection of the nose undercarriage area as he removed the chocks, where he noticed a small amount of hydraulic oil on top of the chocks. Senior Airman Nicoll ... was part of the ground crew. was a member of the Royal Family. was part of the air crew. was leaking after meeting The Royals.

Senior Airman Nicoll approached the aircraft and carried out a visual inspection of the nose undercarriage area as he removed the chocks, where he noticed a small amount of hydraulic oil on top of the chocks. He then tracked the oil up into the nose undercarriage area and noticed more oil pooling on the undercarriage door. Further up from that, into the nose bay, there was oil seeping down the nose retraction jack. What aircraft system was affected?. The nose undercarriage area. The chocks, they were unserviceable. The hydraulic system. The propulsion system, both engines were leaking.

As both engines were running, Senior Airman Nicoll wrote a note about what he had found and held it up to the cockpit window for the Captain to read. The Captain proceeded to open a small cockpit window and handed Senior Airman Nicoll his phone indicating for him to take pictures of the fault. After reviewing the photographs taken by Senior Airman Nicoll, the Captain decided to shut down one of his engines and conduct his own inspection of the fault. The pilot concluded that the leak was serious enough that the aircraft must be shut down and declared unserviceable. What was the phone used for?. Senior Airman Nicoll used his phone to take some pictures of the captain to show them to the pilot. Senior Airman Nicoll used the captain’s phone to take some pictures of the leak. The Captain used his phone to take some pictures of the leak to show them to Senior Airman Nicoll. Senior Airman Nicoll used the Captain’s phone to take some pictures to show them to Senior Airman Nicoll.

On 8 Oct 2019 at RAF Marham, Senior Airman Watson was responsible for supervising the return to full serviceability of a Lightning aircraft which was required for the following days flying program. As part of the task, five external panels were to be installed. Prior to installing the panels his designated SAC Technician performed a loose article inspection in all bays, followed by Senior Airman Watson performing a more in-depth full bay check of all affected areas. Whilst inspecting the bay area of one of the panels, he noticed that the routing of a cable from the Engine Igniter Exciter Unit appeared to be incorrect, putting the cable bend radius very close to its limit. He raised the issue and upon further investigation, it was noted that two cables from the unit had been cross connected. The cables were subsequently reinstated correctly. Hadn’t the problem been found it may have resulted in ... a further investigation. the SAC Technician sacked due to his blunder connecting the cables. a damaged Engine Igniter Exciter Unit because of a likely shortcut. five external panels removed for no reason.

The Flight Safety Officer must maintain a constant awareness of developments and various other company activities. Personalities change routinely therefore working relationships with new colleagues must be established. In a successful company, new appointments will be created as departments expand; there will be changes in commercial policy, more aircraft will be acquired and new routes added to the existing structure. What is one of the key responsibilities of the Flight Safety officer?. Staying informed about company developments and activities. Piloting aircraft on new routes. Overseeing commercial policy changes. Hiring new employees for the safety department.

Safety culture should start during the hiring process. If people with the right attitude are hired, their behavior will be the cornerstone of a safety culture. When should a strong safety culture begin?. Once an incident occurs that highlights safety concerns. After the company has been operating for several years. Only after employees have completed their training. During the recruitment process by selecting individuals with the appropriate mindset.

When recruiting a new employee or transferring an existing member of staff, their physical abilities and intellectual capacity should obviously match the requirements of the tasks they are to perform. Workers who are not suitable for the job cannot be expected to perform satisfactorily. Thorough selection procedures are therefore necessary. What is important when hiring or transferring an employee?. Relying solely on their previous experience for suitability. Assigning them to any available position regardless of their qualifications. Ensuring their skills and abilities align with the job requirements. Giving them the job based on availability rather than competency.

The selection procedure, particularly the interview, is designed to assess the ability, attitudes and motivation of potential recruits. Where appropriate, references should be reviewed to substantiate previous experience. Relevant documentary evidence in the form of certificates or licenses should be requested where appropriate. What is the purpose of the selection process for new hires?. To evaluate the skills, mindset, and enthusiasm of candidates. To focus solely on past job titles and years of experience. To conduct a basic background check without further evaluation. To provide a standard set of qualifications for every candidate.

For the successful operation of any management system, it is essential that the management team understand the principles on which the system is based. Effective training of management ensures this objective. Training should equip all those having supervisory responsibility with the necessary skills to implement and maintain the safety programme. What is crucial for the effective functioning of a management system?. Ensuring the management team understands the fundamental principles behind the system. Relying on external consultants to manage the system’s principles. Assigning responsibilities without proper guidance or training. Focusing only on the technical aspects of the system, not the management.

This element details the training of managers and supervisors in the following areas: • Initial training, soon after appointment to a supervisory position, to acquaint new managers and supervisors with the principles of the safety management system, their responsibilities and accountability for safety. • Detailed training in the safety management. • Skills training in relevant areas such as communications, safety auditing and conducting group meetings. • Regular update and refresher training. What areas should training for managers and supervisors cover?. Only safety auditing and communication skills. Introduction to safety management principles, specific skills, and ongoing updates. Training focused solely on technical skills without addressing management responsibilities. Basic safety procedures with no need for further training after initial sessions.

Corporate training courses ensure that managers and supervisors are familiar with the principles of the Safety Management System and their responsibilities and accountabilities for safety. On-site training ensures that all staff are acquainted with the relevant information appropriate to their function. What is the purpose of corporate and on-site training?. To provide training only for the top-level management team. To focus solely on theoretical safety knowledge without addressing specific roles. To ensure managers and staff are knowledgeable about safety principles and their roles. To conduct training sessions without considering the specific responsibilities of staff members.

It is also important that training is provided at an early stage for the safety custodian. The custodian needs to be aware of the detail of the safety management system. As the focal point for the system, the safety custodian should be thoroughly consistent with the programme and safety management principles. Why is early training important for the safety custodian?. To focus on the custodian’s administrative duties rather than safety protocols. To ensure the custodian understands the safety system and remains aligned with its principles. To provide the custodian with general knowledge of safety without focusing on specific principles. To allow the custodian to delegate safety tasks without understanding the system.

Which item had Mr. Simon Fisher to inspect?. A cable. A pulley. The nose of the aircraft. The glider.

How did Mr. Simon accomplish his inspection?. Using a device. Looking at the inspected item with the naked eye. Cleaning the area. Checking the nose wheel well.

What did he find out during the inspection?. The aerotow cable. the nose wheel well was wedged. An unexpected problem. A restricted area.

What measures were taken after that inspection?. A fleet-wide mandatory instruction. Gliders were grounded until every single aircraft was checked for the issue. Checking was halted to inspect this area of the assembly. A further inspection was performed in other two aircraft.

When did Ms. Johnson notice the problem?. During the standard walk-around inspection. During the normal practice. When the Flight Instructor was already in the seat. When the pilot tried to close the canopy.

How did Ms. Johnson identify the sheared bolt?. By comparing it to the one in the technical order. By comparing the front and rear cockpit closing brackets. By asking the engineer about the rear cockpit closing bracket. By asking the instructor pilot.

After the incident, …. the fleet was declared unserviceable immediately. the Chain of Command was also found to be loose. that aircraft was rendered unserviceable and the fleet checked. all pilots were reported as a hazard.

On 2nd October 2018, Captain John …. plummeted over Babcock International Airport. was the tutor of a wannabe pilot. contracted a pilot to get to RAF Wittering. decided to shorten his sortie and return to Wittering.

The Pilot declared a MAYDAY …. when he noticed a problem in the engine. when he had to curtail the sortie. when the engine stopped. before entering a glide descent.

The forced landing the pilot conducted …. was because of a text book. was partially caused by the headwind. was performed just over the short runway of the airfield. caused a lot of damage to the aircraft.

Senior Airman Nicoll …. was part of the ground crew. was a member of the Royal Family. was part of the air crew. was leaking after meeting The Royals.

What aircraft system was affected?. The nose undercarriage area. The chocks, they were unserviceable. The hydraulic system. The propulsion system, both engines were leaking.

What was the phone used for?. Senior Airman Nicoll used his phone to take some pictures of the Captain to show them to the pilot. Senior Airman Nicoll used the Captain´s phone to take some pictures of the leak. The Captain used his phone to take some pictures of the leak to show them to Senior Airman Nicoll. Senior Airman Nicoll used the Captain´s phone to take some pictures to show them to Senior Airman Nicoll.

Which statement is true?. Senior Airman Watson was checking an aircraft hit by lightning. SAC Technician had to remove 5 external panels. SAC Technician noticed a problem with some cables. Senior Airman Watson caused an investigation to happen.

Hadn´t the problem been found it may have resulted in …. a further investigation. the SAC Technician sacked due to his blunder connecting the cables. a damaged Engine Igniter Exciter Unit because of a likely shortcut. five external panels removed for no reason.