Introduction to applied linguistics

1. Attestedness, appropriatness, possibility, feasibility are elements of: Communicative competence. Speech Theory. Linguistics competence.

2.As an example of reflexive writing we can use a letter to a friend. Verdadero. Falso.

3. Explain why the phenomenon of Language Transfer occurs. Strategy:        - write the definition of the term LANGUAGE TRSANSFER - Give examples of language transfer in English language - provide reasons why this phenomenon occurs in the speech of EFL learners.

4.Explain the difference between Communicative and Linguistic Competence . Strategy: - Write the definition of the concept of Communicative Competence. - Mention the name of the author of Communicative Competence Theory. - Write the definition of the concept of Linguistic Competence. - Mention the name of the author of Linguistic Competence. - Explain why these two theories (Communicative and Linguistics Competence) are opposed to each othe.

5. Oversimplified judgment of cultural differences and placing it into exaggerated categories is called: stereotyping. individualim. ethnocentrism.

6. Define Communicative Competence STRATEGY: - Write the definition of the concept of Communicative Competence. - Mention the name of the author of Communicative Competence Theory        - Write the components of Linguistic Competence and their brief definitions.

7. The notion of this discipline is necessary for areas of cross-cultural communication, for correct use of language in general, because it is considered the goal of language education, and it is necessary element in efficient classroom practice. It refers to: Communicative Competence. Linguistic Competence. Universal Grammar Theory.

8. Explain the term LANGUAGE TRANSFER. Strategy: - write the definition of the term LANGUAGE TRSANSFER. -- Explain POSITIVE and NEGATIVE transfer regarding Spanish and English languages - Provide at least two examples of positive and two examples of negative transfer.

9. The phenomena of Language Transfer and Interlanguage refer to errors produced by second/foreign language learner as a result of: borrowing patterns from student´s mother language and using words and already known structures. lack of exposure to target language or appropriate language mode. lack of reinforcement of correct language productionand constructive feedback.

10. Give the definition of the term Discourse Analysis, describe the turn- taking elements. STRATEGY: -  Write the definition of Discourse Analysis -  Write what the main focus of Discourse Analysis is - Explain why it is necessary to know about Discourse Analysis - Explain the term turn-taking - Write the turn-taking elements.

11. The terms “ passivisation” and “ conversationalization” form part of Critical Linguistics. Verdadero. Falso.

12. The belief in the superiority of one´s own culture( including values, behavioral rules, traditions that are seen as appropriate and good comparing to those of other thnicities) is known as: ethnocentrism. stereotyping. individualism.

13. Phonetics, phonology, syntax, semantics, and morphology are components of pragmatic competence. Verdadero. Falso.

14. The discipline that studies how the context influences the meaning of the words and language use is called: Pragmatics. Discourse Analysis. Psycholinguistics.

15. Nominalization” is a process of referring to actions by using nouns. Verdadero. Falso.

16. As an Intensive Listening activity, the teacher may ask students to write down or transcribe the heard lecture, movie, or conversation. Verdadero. Falso.

17. The author of Universal Grammar Theory was. Noam Chomsky. Frederick Skinner. Jan Piaget.

18. To choose a suitable selection for Extensive Reading , the teacher needs to consider class environment and class time. Verdadero. Falso.

19. When English language is used in regional or national administration, in mass media, in educational system as a means of instruction, and is taught to immigrants, it is known as. second language (ESL). foreign language (EFL). native language (ENT).

20. Language used in literature. reflects social and individual identity of the language users. should not use non- standard variations of language. should not use non- standard variations of language.

21. Within stylistics features are the following. figures of thoughts and descriptive language. paralinguistics. prosodic elements.

22. The “universal grammar ” theory implies that: all human beings have an inner ability to use grammar rules in their native language. the same set of grammar rules is shared by all human languages. all human societies possess a knowledge of languages since no society can survive without language as a means of communication; therefore, each society creates a set of rules to be able to communicate properly.

23.To choose a suitable selection for Extensive Reading , the teacher needs to consider. student´s age, proficiency level, and interests. class time and learning environment. the price of the text and corresponding permission from school authorities.

24. The words “ rise “ and “ascend” are synonyms. However, in everyday speech you would probably choose the word “ to rise” rather than “ to ascend” . Your choice depends on the frequency of the occurrence of each word. This is known as: attestedness. feasibility. appropriateness.

25. Within stylistics features are the following: figures of thoughts and descriptive language. body language. kinesthetics.

26. Such mistakes as drink an ice-cream, blues eyes, embarrassed woman (referring to a pregnant lady) are examples of : negative language transfer. positive language transfer. restricted code.

27. Motivation and attitude are necessary factors that educators have to consider in EFL / ESL teaching. Verdadero. Falso.

28. When we paraphrase expressions in order not to harm feelings of other speech community members (ex: person with special needs for handicapped or invalid person), we use form of speaking known as: euphemisms. linguistic taboo. linguistic relativity.

29. PARALINGUISTICS is: Prosodic elements. Turn- takings. Address forms.

30. When English language is used in regional or national administration, in mass media, in educational system as a means of instruction, and is taught to immigrants, it is known as a… : second language (ESL). foreign language (EFL). native language (ENT).

31. The notion of this discipline is necessary for areas of cross-cultural communication, for correct use of language in general, because it is considered the goal of language education, and it is necessary element in efficient classroom practice. It refers to: Communicative Competence. Linguistic Competence. Universal Grammar Theory.

32. Gestures and body language constitute part of: Discourse analysis. Sociolinguistics. Linguistic competence.