Mancomunidad 17

How is the thrust of a propeller calculated? (1-7). Thrust of a propeller = Air Mass × (aircraft speed minus propeller wake speed. Thrust of a propeller = Air Mass × (propeller wake speed minus aircraft speed). Thrust of a propeller = Aircraft speed minus propeller wake speed.

What happens to the angle of attack on a fixed-pitch propeller when the aircraft enters a dive? (1-18). The angle of attack decreases on a fixed-pitch propeller when the aircraft enters a dive. The angle of attack increases on a fixed-pitch propeller when the aircraft enters a dive. The angle of attack is not affected on a fixed-pitch propeller when the aircraft enters a dive.

What forces act on the propeller blade to change its pitch when the engine drives the propeller? (1-46). Aerodynamic Twisting Moment (ATM) increases the pitch, and Centrifugal Twisting Moment (CTM) decreases the pitch. CTM increases the pitch, and ATM decreases the pitch. ATM and CTM both decrease the pitch.

On what part of the propeller's blade does propeller thrust act? (1-19). Propeller thrust acts upon the blade back or camber side of the blade only. Propeller thrust acts on the blade face only. Propeller thrust acts upon the blade face or pressure side of the blade, but also on the camber side.

How do Aerodynamic Twisting Moment (ATM) and Centrifugal Twisting Moment CTM act when a propeller is in the windmill condition? (1-46). In the windmill condition, ATM and CTM both try to turn the blades to fine pitch. In the windmill condition, ATM opposes CTM. They try to turn the blades in opposite directions. In the windmill condition, ATM and CTM both try to turn the blades to a coarse pitch.

What is the strongest torsional force, Aerodynamic Twisting Moment (ATM) or Centrifugal Twisting Moment (CTM)? (1-46). CTM is stronger than ATM. ATM is stronger than CTM. CTM and ATM are equal strength.

Blade twist is designed to maintain what operating parameter (in theoretical propeller)? (1-20). Blade twist is designed to maintain a constant angle along the blade. Blade twist is designed to maintain a constant speed along the blade. Blade twist is designed to maintain a constant angle of attack along the blade.

When the propeller blades move to the feather position, they are at which maximum pitch position? (1-38). The propeller blades move to the feather position, they are at maximum fine pitch. The propeller blades move to the feather position, they are at maximum coarse pitch. The propeller blades move to the feather position, they are at negative pitch.

From what material is the rear cone of a splined propeller shaft assembly made? (2-51). The rear cone of a splined propeller shaft assembly is made of steel. The rear cone of a splined propeller shaft assembly is made of bronze. The rear cone of a splined propeller shaft assembly is made of aluminium.

Where is the pitch change mechanism installed inside the propeller? (2-45). The pitch change mechanism is inside the propeller hub. The pitch change mechanism is inside the propeller blades. The pitch change mechanism is inside the propeller governor.

What is the purpose of propeller blade counterweights? (2-30). Counterweights counteract the centrifugal twisting moment (CTM) of the blades. Counterweights balance the blades during manufacture of the propeller. Counterweights counteract the aerodynamic twisting moment (ATM) of the blades.

What normally takes the thrust load of the propeller during flight? (2-51). The thrust load is taken by the propeller's rear cone. The thrust load is taken by the torque meter, used for torque indication. The thrust load is taken by the front bearing in the reduction gear or crankcase.

What is used to centre a propeller on a splined shaft? (2-51). A master spline centres a propeller on a splined shaft. Front and rear cones centre a propeller on a splined shaft. Index pins centre a propeller on a splined shaft.

A constant speed variable pitch propeller is being ground run, The aeroplane is then turned into the wind. What happens to the propeller RPM? (3-92). Propeller RPM increases when the aeroplane is turned into the wind. Propeller RPM decreases when the aeroplane is turned into the wind. Propeller RPM does not change when the aeroplane is turned into the wind.

What increases with a forward movement of the condition lever? (3-38). Propeller speed increases with a forward movement of the condition lever. Engine power increases with a forward movement of the condition lever. Propeller pitch increases with a forward movement of the condition lever.

What happens to the oil in an underspeed condition of a non-counterweighted propeller? (3-14). The oil is pumped into the propeller hub, in an underspeed condition of a non-counterweighted propeller. The oil is drained out from the propeller hub, in an underspeed condition of a non-counterweighted propeller. The oil is trapped in the propeller hub, in an underspeed condition of a non-counterweighted propeller.

The brake on an electrical pitch change system is energised to which position? (3-86). The brake is energised to the "OFF" position, on an electrical pitch change system. The brake is energised to the "NEUTRAL" position, on an electrical pitch change system. The brake is energised to the "ON" position, on an electrical pitch change system.

When is an oil press increase used in the governor of a single-acting counterweighted propeller system? (3-12). It is used when the propeller is moving towards fine pitch only. It is used when the propeller is moving towards fine pitch or coarse pitch. A booster or pump used when the propeller is moving towards coarse pitch only.

In what condition is the propeller, if the force of the propeller-governor flyweights totally overcomes the force of the speeder spring? (3-48). The propeller is in the overspeed condition, if the force of the propeller-governor flyweights overcomes the force of the speeder spring. The propeller is in the underspeed condition, if the force of the propeller-governor flyweights overcomes the force of the speeder spring. The propeller is in the on-speed condition, if the force of the propeller-governor flyweights overcomes the force of the speeder spring.

Why is synchronising carried out on a multi-engine aircraft? (4-4). Synchronising is carried out to make flight operation more fuel efficient. Synchronising is carried out to balance the thrust on twin-engine aircraft. Synchronising is carried out to reduce the beat-frequency vibration on twin-engine aircraft.

When does a synchronising and synchrophasing system operate? (4-14). A synchronising and synchrophasing system operates only when in constant speed mode. A synchronising and synchrophasing system operates only when in beta mode. A synchronising and synchrophasing system operates in all modes, including beta mode.

What is the purpose of the check valve in the fluid anti-icing system? (5-6). The check valve in the fluid anti-icing system prevents the siphoning of the tank when not in use. The check valve in the fluid anti-icing system prevents reverse flow of the anti-icing fluid. The check valve in the fluid anti-icing system ensures good delivery pressure for the nozzle.

How are propeller slip rings and brushes lubricated? (5-18). Propeller slip rings and brushes are lubricated with light oil. Propeller slip rings and brushes are lubricated with special grease. Propeller slip rings use carbon brushes which are self-lubricating.

When checking the operation of the electrical anti-ice system, what should the ammeter show?. The ammeter should show high amps and in the green range. The ammeter should show high amps and in the red range. The ammeter should show low amps, near or at zero.

What should be done with a blade that is bent due to contact with the ground? (6-30). The blade that is bent due to contact with the ground can be carefully straightened by the aircraft mechanic. A blade that is bent due to contact with the ground can be used in the bent condition provided it less than 4 degrees off original shape. The blade that is bent due to contact with the ground can be straightened only by an approved overhaul facility.

How is the vibration effect of an unbalanced propeller felt at various propeller speeds? (6-12). Vibration of an unbalanced propeller is felt the same at all propeller speeds. Vibration of an unbalanced propeller is felt less at a higher propeller speed. Vibration of an unbalanced propeller is felt more at a higher propeller speed.

On a composite propeller, how is delamination detected? (6-32). Delamination is detected by a visual inspection. Delamination is detected by a coin tap test. Delamination is detected by using dye penetrate detection.

How can smaller indentations in a wooden propeller be repaired? (6-28). Smaller dents in a wooden propeller can be repaired by filling them with a mix of sawdust and wood glue. Smaller dents in a wooden propeller can be repaired by filling them with epoxy resin. Smaller dents in a wooden propeller cannot be repaired. The propeller must be replaced.

How can the blade track on a wooden or fixed-pitch metal propeller be adjusted? (6-6). The blade track on a wooden or fixed-pitch metal propeller can be adjusted by re-seating the propeller on the front and rear cones. The blade track on a wooden or fixed-pitch metal propeller can be adjusted by adding lead wool to the blade shank. The blade track on a wooden or fixed-pitch metal propeller can be adjusted by fitting shims to the propeller shaft hub.

What is a common method of surface treatment on aluminum alloy propeller in order to make it more crack propagation resistant? (6-30). A shot-peening is used on surface. A Magnaflux method is used to enhance cracking resistance. A chemical conversion process is used to make it more crack resistant.

When is it be necessary to dismantle the cylinder hub on a propeller for inspection? (7-10). It is necessary to dismantle the cylinder hub after less than 1 month of storage. It is necessary to dismantle the cylinder hub between if stored between 1 year and 1 1/2 years. It is necessary to dismantle the cylinder hub if storage exceeds several years, depending on manufacturer's instructions.

What does the term 'inhibit' mean, when applied to a propeller or propeller governor? (7-4). 'Inhibit' means to fill with corrosion preventive oil. 'Inhibit' means to dismantle down to its component parts. 'Inhibit' means to lock the rotating parts to prevent damage during transit.

What is the primary purpose of the constant-speed function of a constant-speed propeller? (1-28). The constant speed function maintains a constant angle of attack at all times. The constant speed function maintains a constant aircraft forward speed at all times. The constant speed function maintains a constant engine RPM as set by pilot.

Torque reaction from a right-handed propeller causes which of the aircraft's tyre to wear out faster? (1-54). The torque reaction from a right-handed propeller causes the nose wheel tyre to wear more. The torque reaction from a right-handed propeller causes the left tire to wear more. The torque reaction from a right-handed propeller causes the right main wheel tyre to wear more.

What type of propeller rotates clockwise, when viewed from the rear? (1-32). A right-handed propeller rotates clockwise, when viewed from the rear. A left-handed propeller rotates clockwise, when viewed from the rear. A reversed propeller rotates clockwise, when viewed from the rear.

What is meant by the term 'propeller slip'? (1-14). Propeller slip is the geometric pitch - effective pitch. Propeller slip is the effective pitch + geometric pitch. Propeller slip is the effective pitch - geometric pitch.

What is a propeller's tangential speed if it rotates at 2,000 RPM? (1-30). The propeller's tangential speed at the root it is the same as at the tip. The propeller's tangential speed greater at the tip than it is at the root. The propeller's tangential speed is less at the tip than it is at the root.

Which three fibre materials are most commonly used for composite propeller construction? (2-14). Carbon, glassfiber, and Kevlar, are most commonly used for composite propeller construction. Carbon, glass, and epoxy, are most commonly used fibers for composite propeller construction. Carbon, aramid, and Kevlar, are most commonly used for composite propeller construction.

In which orientation do most of the fibres in a composite propeller blade lie? (2-14). Most of the fibres in a composite propeller blade lie in the spanwise direction. Most of the fibres in a composite propeller blade lie in the chordwise direction. An equal number of fibres in a composite propeller blade lie in each direction.

What is true about a fixed-pitch propeller? (2-22). The blade pitch is distributed to provide a relatively good performance in cruise, but not good performance on takeoff or slow speed flight. The pitch angle for efficient cruise on fixed pitch propeller is very low (fine pitch). The pitch angle on fixed-pitch propeller changes with the speed of the aeroplane and engine RPM.

What happens to the angle of attack of a fixed-pitch blade when the aircraft airspeed increases? (3-5). The angle of attack Increases when the aircraft airspeed increases. The angle of attack decreases when the aircraft airspeed increases. The angle of attack does not change when the aircraft airspeed increases.

If a feathering propeller is fitted with counterweights at the blade roots, what makes the blades move towards fine pitch? (3-12). Oil pressure makes the blades move towards fine pitch, on a counterweighted propeller. The counterweights make the blades move towards fine pitch, on a counterweighted propeller. Aerodynamic turning moment makes the blades move towards fine pitch, on a counterweighted propeller.

What is the condition of the governor spring pressure during an overspeed condition of a constant-speed propeller? (3-38). Governor spring pressure is less than the centrifugal force on the governor flyweights. Governor spring pressure is the same as centrifugal force on the governor flyweights. Governor spring pressure is more than the centrifugal force on the governor flyweights.

How does the propeller blade angle change if a force is applied to the top of the speeder spring in a propeller governor? (3-38). The propeller blade angle moves towards fine pitch, if a force is applied to the top of the speeder spring in a propeller governor. The propeller blade angle moves towards coarse pitch, if a force is applied to the top of the speeder spring in a propeller governor. The propeller blade angle moves towards feather position, if a force is applied to the top of the speeder spring in a propeller governor.

When is a synchronising system used? (4-4). A synchronising system is used only during cruise. A synchronising system is used only on take-off and landing. A synchronising system is used on take-off, climb, cruise and landing.

What is the most likely cause of discolouration of an electrical de-icing shoe? (5-16). Overheating is the most likely cause of discolouration of an electrical de-icing shoe. A bird strike is the most likely cause of discolouration of an electrical de-icing shoe. Incorrect bonding is the most likely cause of discolouration of an electrical de-icing shoe.

What cleaning fluid shall be used when cleaning the chemical propeller anti-ice system? (5-10). White spirit Is the cleaning fluid used with the chemical propeller anti-ice system. Methylated spirits is the cleaning fluid used with the chemical propeller anti-ice system. MEK is the cleaning fluid used with the chemical propeller anti-ice system.

What is the correct sequence for blending a propeller blade? (6-20). Assess, NDT, blend, reprotect, is the correct sequence for blending a propeller blade. Assess, blend, NDT, reprotect, is the correct sequence for blending a propeller blade. Assess, blend, reprotect, NDT, is the correct sequence for blending a propeller blade.

How many vibration sensors are required to differentiate between propeller and crankshaft imbalance? (6-10). Two (2) vibration sensors are required to differentiate between propeller and crankshaft Imbalance. Three (3) vibration sensors are required to differentiate between propeller and crankshaft imbalance. One (1) vibration sensors are required to differentiate between propeller and crankshaft imbalance.

What should be done after minor nicks are removed from the leading edge of a propeller blade? (6-20). Remove the file marks with fine abrasive paper, after minor nicks are removed from the leading edge of a propeller blade. Remove the file marks using a fast-rotating power tool, after minor nicks are removed from the leading edge of a propeller blade. Remove the file marks using a sandblasting tool, after minor nicks are removed from the leading edge of a propeller blade.

When running an engine/propeller, how is the propeller feathered? (6-47,48). The propeller is feathered by moving the "PROP CONDITION" lever fully aft. The propeller is feathered by moving the "PROP CONDITION" lever fully forward. The propeller is feathered by moving the "POWER" lever fully aft to the OFF position.

What lighting is appropriate for storing rubber components used with propellers? (7-8). A darkened room (no light) is appropriate for storing rubber components used with propellers. A naturally lit room is appropriate for storing rubber components used with propellers. Fluorescent lighting is appropriate for storing rubber components used with propellers.

With a constant-speed propeller in flight, what happens if the pilot retards the power lever? (3-12). The propeller blades move towards a coarse pitch, when the pilot retards the power lever in flight. The propeller blades move towards a fine pitch, when the pilot retards the power lever in flight. The propeller RPM reduces to maintain a constant pitch, when the pilot retards the power lever in flight.

Why is synchrophasing carried out? (4-12). Synchrophasing is carried out to reduce vibration. Synchrophasing is carried out to reduce noise. Synchrophasing is carried out to increase efficiency.

How close must be the engines' RPM, to each other normally, to enable the synchronising system to operate? (4-4). The engines' RPM must be within 200 RPM, to each other, to enable the synchronising system to operate. The engines RPM must be within 150 RPM, to each other, to enable the synchronising system to operate. The engines' RPM must be within 100 RPM, to each other, to enable the synchronising system to operate.

What effect does horizontal static imbalance have on a twin-bladed propeller on test? (6-8). A horizontal static imbalance causes the propeller to rotate to the horizontal position. A horizontal static imbalance causes the propeller to vibrate above 0.7 IPS. A horizontal static imbalance causes the propeller to rotate to the vertical position.

What is the typical blend depth when blending out damage to the thrust or camber faces of a propeller? (6-18). 30 times to the depth of damage is the typical blend depth when blending out damage to the faces of a propeller. 10 times to the depth of damage is the typical blend depth when blending out damage to the faces of a propeller. 5 times the depth of damage is the typical blend depth when blending out damage to the faces of a propeller.

What is the definition of a propeller's 'geometric pitch'? (1-14). Geometric pitch is the propeller's forward movement for one revolution. Geometric pitch is the propeller's forward movement for one revolution with accounting for slip. Geometric pitch is the propeller's forward movement for one revolution without accounting for slip.

What is another name for the propeller 'helix angle'? (1-15). The 'helix angle' is also known as the blade angle. The 'helix angle' is also known as the Angle of attack. The 'helix angle' is also known as the Angle of advance.

Which of the following factors has the most effect on the aircraft's speed and the propeller's tangential speed? (1-18). The propeller blade angle has the most effect on the aircraft's speed and the propeller's tangential speed. Angle of attack of the propeller blade has the most effect on the aircraft's speed and the propeller's tangential speed. The propeller blade's RPM has the most effect on the aircraft's speed and the propeller's tangential speed.

What happens when an aircraft with a fixed-pitch propeller increases its airspeed without changing power setting (start descending)? (1-18). Engine RPM increases when an aircraft with a fixed-pitch propeller increases its airspeed. Torque and thrust increase when an aircraft with a fixed-pitch propeller increases its airspeed. Engine RPM decreases when an aircraft with a fixed-pitch propeller increases its airspeed.

Why do composite propellers have fewer vibration problems? (2-14). Composite propellers have fewer vibration problems because the foam core of composite propellers absorbs the vibrations. Composite propellers have fewer vibration problems because composite propellers are stiffer than metal propellers. Composite propellers have fewer vibration problems because composite propellers do not absorb water like other propellers.

What effect does an overspeed governor have on the propeller pitch? (3-42). An overspeed governor coarsens the blades if the propeller exceeds a preset max. RPM. An overspeed governor coarsens or fines-off the blades to maintain a preset max. RPM. An overspeed governor fines-off the blades if the propeller exceeds a preset max. RPM.

What is the effect of lifting/opening the valve in a propeller governor and dumping oil from the hub, of a counterweighted propeller? (3-52). Lifting the valve in a propeller governor and dumping oil from the hub, of a counterweighted propeller, fines-off the propeller. Lifting the valve in a propeller governor and dumping oil from the hub, of a counterweighted propeller, feathers the propeller. Lifting the valve in a propeller governor and dumping oil from the hub, of a counterweighted propeller, shuts down the engine.

When a propeller is windmilling, Aerodynamic Twisting Moment (ATM) acts in which direction? (1-46). In the windmilling condition, the ATM is fine seeking, opposite from the blade Centrifugal Twisting Moment (CTM). In the windmilling condition, the coarse seeking, same as the blade CTM. In the windmilling condition, the fine seeking, same as the blade CTM.

If the airspeed increases, (without changing power -- descending) what happens to the fixed-pitch propeller thrust, for a given propeller wake velocity? (1-26). Propeller thrust is unaffected as aircraft speed increases. Propeller thrust increases as aircraft speed increases. Propeller thrust decreases as aircraft speed increases.

What is the name of the angle between the relative airflow direction and the plane of rotation? (1-15). The angle between the relative airflow direction and the plane of rotation is the 'blade angle'. The angle between the relative airflow direction and the plane of rotation is the 'angle of advance'. The angle between the relative airflow direction and the plane of rotation is the 'angle of attack'.

How are the screws in the erosion strip of a wooden propeller retained? (2-8). The screws in the erosion strip of a wooden propeller are retained using Loctite. The screws in the erosion strip of a wooden propeller are retained using solder. The screws in the erosion strip of a wooden propeller are retained using epoxy resin.

How are aluminium alloy blades initially formed into the aerofoil shape? (2-12). Aluminium alloy blades are cast. Aluminium alloy blades are forged. Aluminium alloy blades are fabricated.

What are the typical core materials used on composite propeller blades? (2-18). Nomex, PVC foam, and wood, are the typical core materials used on propeller blades. Chopped glass, cotton flock, and wood, are the typical core materials used on propeller blades. PVC foam, steel, and aramid, are the typical core materials used on propeller blades.

What happens to the propeller blades if the pilot moves the PROP CONDITION lever forwards? (3-38). The blade angle decreases if the pilot moves the PROP CONDITION lever forwards. The blade angle increase if the pilot moves the PROP CONDITION lever forwards. Go to a negative blade angle if the pilot moves the PROP CONDITION lever forwards.

What does the electric actuator do when a propeller synchrophasing system is switched on? (4-14). The electric actuator controls the slave engine governor. The electric actuator equalises the governor signals on all propellers. The electric actuator trims the beta tube on all propellers.

When does a synchronising and synchrophasing system operate? (4-14). A synchronising and synchrophasing system operates only when in constant speed mode. A synchronising and synchrophasing system operates only when in beta mode. A synchronising and synchrophasing system operates in all modes, including beta mode.

How can a propeller be balanced dynamically to prevent vibration? (6-8). A propeller can be balanced dynamically by removing material from the tip using a drill. A propeller can be balanced dynamically by installing small weights on the tip. A propeller can be balanced dynamically by installing small weights under the spinner-attaching screws or on spinner back plate.

A crack is suspected in an aluminium alloy propeller blade. What is the most suitable field inspection method? (6-20). Dye penetrant inspection is the most suitable inspection method to find a crack in an aluminium alloy propeller blade. Magnetic particle inspection is the most suitable inspection method to find a crack in an aluminium alloy propeller blade. Bright light and a magnifying glass is the most suitable inspection method to find a crack in an aluminium alloy propeller blade.

How can a fixed-pitch aluminium propeller be dynamically balanced in regular airplane maintenance? (6-10). A fixed-pitch aluminium propeller be dynamically balanced by adding weight to the hub. A fixed-pitch aluminium propeller be dynamically balanced by adding weight to the spinner, spinner back plate or starter ring gear. A fixed-pitch aluminium propeller can be dynamically balanced by removing material from the heavy blade.

What propeller phenomenon causes the 'asymmetric effect' (P-factor)? (1-54). Asymmetric effect is caused by an inclined propeller, especially on a tail dragger aircraft or at high angles of attack: slow flight. Asymmetric effect is caused by an engine failure and a windmilling propeller. Asymmetric effect is caused by the propeller's gyroscopic forces.

Which is true of a stationary propeller aircraft on the ground, with its brakes on? (1-26). A stationary propeller aircraft on the ground, with its brakes on, has induced airflow but no airspeed. A stationary propeller aircraft on the ground, with its brakes on, has airspeed and induced airflow. A stationary propeller aircraft on the ground, with its brakes on, has airspeed but no induced airflow.

What is a property of a non-counterweighted propeller? (1-46). A non-counterweighted propeller is seeking coarse pitch. A non-counterweighted propeller is more affected by ATM. A non-counterweighted propeller is seeking fine pitch.

Air or nitrogen pressure (when used) inside a pitch change unit always opposes what force? (2-30). Nitrogen pressure opposes the spring. Nitrogen pressure opposes the oil pressure. Nitrogen pressure opposes the counterweights.

How is moisture removed from a wooden propeller? (2-8). The propeller is placed in a low-temperature oven for 8 hours. Holes are drilled into the wood blades at 25 mm spacings. Small holes are drilled in the metal tips of the propeller. Centrifugal force then throws out excessive moisture.

How are propeller blades usually de-iced? (5-12). Propeller blades are usually de-iced by the inboard and outboard electrical boots being heated in a timed alternating sequence. Propeller blades are usually de-iced by a continuously heated electrical de-icing boot. Propeller blades are usually de-iced by rubber boots inflated in sequence using hot air from the engine compressor.

How is moisture removed from a wooden propeller? (2-8). The propeller is placed in a low-temperature oven for 8 hours. Holes are drilled into the wood blades at 25 mm spacings. Small holes are drilled in the metal tips of the propeller. Centrifugal force then throws out excessive moisture.

When is an oil press increase used in the governor of a single-acting counterweighted propeller system? (3-12). It is used when the propeller is moving towards fine pitch only. It is used when the propeller is moving towards fine pitch or coarse pitch. A booster pump used when the propeller is moving towards coarse pitch only.

In what part of the blade is it normally prohibited to blend? (6-24). It is normally prohibited to blend the leading edge of the blade. It is normally prohibited to blend the trailing edge of the blade. It is normally prohibited to blend the root or shank of the blade.

What part of a propeller is most often damaged and must be most carefully inspected? (6-21). The blade back must be most carefully inspected. The leading edge must be most carefully inspected. The propeller hub must be most carefully inspected.

The angle between the chord line and what other reference is known as the blade angle? (1-8). The angle between the chord line and the plane of rotation, is the blade angle. The angle between the chord line and the propeller shaft centreline, is the blade angle. The angle between the chord line and the relative airflow, is the blade angle.

What is the effect of further retarding the power lever below the ground-idle position (possible only on some types of propellers)? (3-64). Retarding the power lever below the ground-idle position increases engine power and further decrease propeller pitch - beyond discing to reverse. Retarding the power lever below the ground-idle position decrease engine power and increase propeller pitch. Retarding the power lever below the ground-idle position decrease engine power and decrease propeller pitch.

Up to what temperature is considered to contribute to a risk of propeller icing? (5-4). Up to and including 0 °C of outside air temperature is considered to contribute to a risk of propeller icing. Up to and including 10 °C of outside air temperature is considered to contribute to a risk of propeller icing. Up to and including 2 °C of outside air temperature is considered to contribute to a risk of propeller icing.

How should wooden propellers be stored? (7-14). Wooden propellers should be stored horizontally, lying flat on racks. Wooden propellers should be stored vertically, suspended by a mandrel from the hub. Wooden propellers should be stored vertically, standing on a tip.