MATE

**** Linux **** 1. What command is used to list files in a directory?. a. dir. b. list. c. show. d. ls.

2. What command is used to change the current working directory?. a. chdir. b. cd. c. ch. d. changed.

4. What command is used to search for text within a file or STDIN?. a. cat. b. grep. c. find. d. search.

3. What command is used to print one or more files to STDOUT?. a. cat. b. print. c. ls. d. show.

5. What command is used to display a list of running processes?. a. listps. b. ps. c. pslist. d. processes.

6. What command is used to display info about your network interfaces, such as your IP address?. a. ifconfig. b. ip. c. ipconfig. d. a or b.

7. What command is used to temporarily switch to a different user?. a. switch. b. su. c. switchuser. d. swus.

1. What command is used to change the permissions of a file or directory?. a. chown. b. chperm. c. perms. d. chmod.

9. What does the ampersand character (&) do in the command below? tail -F /var/log/messages &. a. Run the command in the background as a job. b. Run the command in the foreground as a job. c. Run the command, disabling STDOUT messages. d. Run the command, binding STDIN from the keyboard.

10. _______ are used to connect STDOUT of one program to the STDIN of another. a. Sockets. b. Handles. c. Pipes. d. Links.

11. Which of the following commands can be used to read the manual for your applications?. a. <command> help. b. help <command>. c. ? <command>. d. man <command>.

14. What file is used to store user information (except password)?. a. /etc/shadow. b. /etc/passwd. c. /usr/shadow. d. /usr/passwd.

12. Which of the following commands is NOT used in the management of files and directories?. a. ping. b. mkdir. c. touch. d. chmod.

15. What command allows a user to run a single command as root (or any other user)?. a. su. b. admin. c. sudo. d. root.

13. The root user always has a UID of ______. a. 0. b. 1. c. 99. d. 1000.

16. What command is used to configure services on systemd systems?. a. systemctl. b. sysconfig. c. service. d. a or b.

17. What is the path of the root of the filesystem?. a. C:\. b. \. c. /root/. d. /.

18. What directory contains the users' home directories?. a. /user. b. /home. c. /. d. /users.

1. What do the following file permissions allow anyone outside the file owner and group owner to do? -rwxrw-r--. a. read. b. write. c. execute. d. Nothing.

20. What command lists files and directories?. a. ls. b. dir. c. list. d. cd.

21. What would you type in the command line to change to the D drive?. a. d:. b. cd d:. c. cd d. d. d.

22. What command is used to change directories?. a. chdir. b. dir. c. cd. d. cdir.

23. What command is used to copy a file?. a. cp. b. cpfile. c. cpy. d. copy.

24. What command is used to list currently running processes?. a. tasklist. b. pslist. c. ps. d. tasks.

25. What command is used to display the network configuration on the local system?. a. ifconfig. b. ip. c. ipconfig. d. ipinfo.

26. What command is used to provide information regarding currently open connections or open ports?. a. ss. b. netstat. c. ipconfig. d. ifconfig.

27. What command is used to verify connectivity and check for issues between two systems?. a. traceroute. b. ipcheck. c. ping. d. b or c.

28. The drive typically hosting the operating system is _______. a. C:. b. D:. c. E:. d. F:.

29. What is the path of the applications directory?. a. C:\Program Files. b. C:\Program Files (x86). c. C:\Applications. d. a or b.

30. What is the path for user data directory on Vista and later?. a. C:\Users. b. C:\Home. c. C:\UserData. d. Ninguno of the above.

31. What is the path for hidden application configuration directory on Vista or later?. a. C:\Data. b. C:\ProgramData. c. C:\ApplicationData. d. C:\AppConfig.

32. If a user is a member of two groups, one of which has inherited "ALLOW Read & Execute" of a file and the other has explicit "DENY Read & Execute", will the user be able to read the file?. a. Yes. b. No.

33. Which group has full control over the system?. a. Root. b. Users. c. Administrators. d. Power Users.

34. What allows commands to be run as another user?. a. sudo. b. runas. c. run. d. doas.

35. Which two hash formats does SAM store user passwords in?. a. LANMAN and NTLM. b. Whirlpool and CRC32. c. MD5 and SHA1. d. DES and MD4.

36. The ________ is used to store configuration data for applications and the operating system. a. config store. b. system config. c. app config lib. d. registry.

37. _______ is used for sharing files, printers, and other resources. a. SAM. b. SMB. c. NTFS. d. ADFS.

38. Which of the following commands will list the files on a remote share?. a. dir \\servername\share. b. dir <IPADDRESS>\share. c. net use \\servername\share. d. net view \\servername\share.

39. There are many ways to start and stop services on Windows. Which of the following commands is NOT a valid way to start the WebClient service?. a. wmic service where name="WebClient" call StartService. b. service WebClient start. c. net start WebClient. d. sc start WebClient.

60. What character, when starting a line, signifies a comment?. a. !. b. #. c. *. d. $.

61. _________ are representations of memory locations in which we can store arbitrary values. a. Characters. b. Data Structures. c. Variables. d. Data Storage Locations.

62. What is the output of the code below? ► #!/bin/bash ► echo 'redir = easy' > file1 ► cat < file1 > file2 ► echo "as easy as pie" >> file1 ► cat file2 | sort. a. as easy as pie redir = easy. b. redir = easy. c. redir = easy as easy as pie. d. as easy as pie.

63. What is the output of the code below ► MESSAGE="Hello World" ► echo MESSAGE. a. Hello World. b. MESSAGE=”Hello World”. c. MESSAGE. d. “Hello World”.

64. ____________ are variables used by the system and applications to read configuration settings from the system. a. Path variables. b. Config variables. c. System variables. d. Environment variables.

65. This predefined environment variable stores the directories the shell will search to look for executables. a. PATH. b. DIR. c. CONFIG. d. BIN.

66. What command is used to display all environment variables set in your shell?. a. ev. b. env. c. vars. d. show.

67. The ________ command allows you to do mathematic expressions. a. math. b. calc. c. let. d. domath.

69. What is the output of the code below? ► DATA='some stuff' ► /bin/sh ► echo $DATA. a. some stuff. b. $DATA. c. DATA=’some stuff’. d. A blank line.

68. What is the output of the code below? ► A=44 ► B=$A+1 ► echo $B. a. 45. b. 44+1. c. 44. d. 45+1.

70. You would type this sequence of characters to reference all parameters passed to a script. a. $#. b. $!. c. $@. d. $$.

71. What operator would you use to compare numbers to find if x is equal to y?. a. -eq. b. ==. c. |=. d. =|.

72. What operator would you use to compare strings to find if x is not equal to y?. a. -ne. b. !=. c. !!. d. =|.

73. What sequence of characters represent the logical operator used to combine comparisons that ensures both conditions are met?. a. ||. b. &&. c. -or. d. -and.

74. What is the output of the code below? ► #!/bin/bash ► a=3; b=7 ► let c=$a+$b ► if [ $c -eq 10 ] ► then ► let c=500 ► fi ► echo $c. a. 10. b. 13. c. 500. d. $c.

75. ________ loops executes while a condition is true. a. While. b. For. c. Do. d. Until.

76. Several commands can be executed on one line but must be separated with a _________. a. /. b. ;. c. . d. !.

77. The _________ command can be used to grab portions of text, using -d as the switch to define a delimiter and the -f switch to specify the field number to use. a. cut. b. grep. c. awk. d. sed.

78. The __________ command is used to find all instances of a specific string in files. a. cut. b. grep. c. awk. d. sed.

79. Which of the following regular expressions would find Orville or Wilbur Wright on a line by itself?. a. $(Orville|Wilbur) Wright^. b. ^(Orville or Wilbur) Wright$. c. ^(Orville|Wilbur) Wright$. d. $[Orville|Wilbur] Wright$^.

80. What are the verb-noun pairs which provide a specific function called?. a. commands. b. cmdlets. c. snippets. d. actions.

81. What cmdlet gets the properties and methods of an object?. a. Get-Properties. b. Get-Methods. c. Get-Member. d. Get-Object.

82. The pipe character is used to link two or more commands, creating a _______. a. pipeline. b. link. c. synch. d. super command.

83. PowerShell's cmdlets are aware of the data passed from other cmdlets. This is because PowerShell is _______ based. a. variable. b. binary. c. memory. d. object.

84. Tab Completion can be used to increase typing efficiency and accuracy. Which benefit does it NOT provide?. a. Tab complete cmdlet names. b. Cycle through cmdlet names. c. Cycle through parameter names. d. Tab complete parameter values.

85. This cmdlet is like Linux's "man" command and gets the Help page for cmdlets, operators, or other concepts. a. Get-Help. b. Get-Docs. c. Get-Documentation. d. Get-Details.

86. This cmdlet lists all available cmdlets and aliases. a. Get-Cmdlet. b. Get-List. c. Get-Command. d. Get-Alias.

87. What is the best way to see which cmdlets are available to manipulate or get the list of commands entered during the current session?. a. Get-Command History. b. Get-Command -Noun History. c. Get-Command -Noun History -Verb History. d. Get-Command -Verb History.

88. This cmdlet copies an item from one location to another. a. Do-Copy. b. Copy-File. c. Copy-Item. d. Copy-Content.

89. This cmdlet selects specified properties of an object. a. Select-Object. b. Select-Prop. c. Get-Object. d. Get-Prop.

90. This cmdlet sorts objects by property values. a. Sort-ByProp. b. Sort-Object. c. Sort-Prop. d. Object-Sort.

91. Which command would display a directory listing where the output is sorted alphabetically?. a. Get-ChildItem a b c d e f g h I j k i m n o p q r s t u v w x y z. b. Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object -Property Name -Descending. c. Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object -Property Name. d. Sort-Object -Property Name | Get-ChildItem.

92. Which of these commands would NOT display the contents of a text file?. a. type file.txt. b. cat file.txt. c. Get-Content file.txt. d. view file.txt.

93. PowerShell scripts use this extension. a. .psr. b. .ps1. c. .pwr. d. .psh.

94. What is the noun used in the cmdlets to view and set whether scripts can be executed?. a. ExecutionPolicy. b. AllowScripts. c. AllSigned. d. RemoteSigned.

95. Assuming the current directory contains only two files named file.txt and otherfile.txt. What is the output of the following two commands? ► $a = ls [fo]* | Sort-Object –Name ► echo "Length `$a = $($a.Length) : first file = $($a[1])". a. Length C:\file.txt C:\otherfile.txt = 2 : first file = C:\otherfile.txt. b. Length $a = 2 : first file = C:\otherfile.txt. c. Length $a = 2 : first file = C:\file.txt. d. Length `$a = $($a.Length) : firstname = $($a[1]).

96. Curly Braces are used for which of the following?. a. Script Blocks. b. Arrays. c. Type declarations. d. Order of operations.

97. Which of these commands will check if "$a" ends with string "find me"?. a. $a -contains "*find me". b. $a -like "find me". c. $a -like "*find me". d. $a -find "find me".

98. Which of these commands will find all files that end with the extension ".txt"?. a. ls -Recurse -Extension -eq ".txt". b. ls -r | ? { $_.Extension -eq ".txt"}. c. ls -r | ? { $_.Extension ".txt"}. d. ls -r | ? { $_.Extension == ".txt"}.

99. Which command would find all files larger than 20MB where the file name begins with "archive"?. a. ls -r | ? { $_.Length -gt 20000000 && $_.Name -like "archive" }. b. ls -r | ? { $_.Length -gt 20000000 and $_.Name -like "archive*" }. c. ls -r | ? { $_.Length -gt 20000000 -and $_.Name -like "archive*" }. d. ls -r | ? { $_.Length -gt 20000000 -and $_.Name -like "*archive*" }.

*** Python *** 100. Modules are loaded with __________. a. export. b. import. c. load. d. run.

101. What function will output data?. a. output(). b. display(). c. print(). d. put().

104. A/An _________ is an array of objects and is created with square brackets []. a. hash. b. list. c. collection. d. matrix.

103. To see the type of a variable use _______. a. var(). b. dir(). c. help(). d. type().

104. A/An _________ is an array of objects and is created with square brackets []. a. hash. b. list. c. collection. d. matrix.

102. Python uses __________ typing of variables, meaning they are defined as a string or an integer when they are set. a. dynamic. b. static. c. interpolated. d. inconclusive.

105. What will be the output of the code below? ► fruits = [ 'apple', 'orange', 'banana', 'grape' ] ► print(fruits[2:3]). a. banana. b. [‘orange’, ‘banana’, ‘grape’]. c. grape. d. orange.

106. ________ is a special loop statement that exits the loop entirely and continues execution of the code after the loop. a. Continue. b. Break. c. Stop. d. Jump.

107. The __________ function will give us a series of numbers. a. series. b. set. c. group. d. range.

108. What function is used to accept keyboard input?. a. enter(). b. get(). c. input(). d. in().

109. What module is needed to use command line arguments in a script?. a. os. b. cmd. c. sys. d. io.

110. What is the name of the variable that stores a list of arguments used with a script?. a. argv. b. args. c. arg. d. arguments.

111. For more complex situations with command line arguments, use the __________ module to validate input data types, build a "usage", allow switches, or support positional and optional arguments. a. arg. b. argparse. c. clarg. d. parg.

112. A/An __________ is a block of reusable code. a. section. b. block. c. method. d. function.

113. To define a function, start with the word _______. a. define. b. def. c. ref. d. function.

114. What function accepts an access mode to open a file?. a. file(). b. fopen(). c. open(). d. openfile().

115. A common mistake in programming is opening the file but then forgetting to close it. To simplify the closing we can use the ________ statement to provide a context and close the file when we leave the block. a. with. b. do. c. run. d. pipe.

116. This module contains file system and OS functions. a. io. b. sys. c. os. d. util.

117. What will allow us to display a list of all variables and methods?. a. help(). b. dir(). c. var(). d. detail().

118. What is used to access Python's built-in documentation?. a. docs(). b. help(). c. info(). d. man().

119. What is the output of the script below if ran like the following? python3 test.py 2 ► import sys ► if sys.argv[0] == 2: ► print('Number') ► else: ► print(sys.argv[0]). a. test.py. b. 2. c. python3. d. Number.