MIXED RESEARCHS

What is the main difference between qualitative and quantitative research?. Both types of data use the same research design. Quantitative data is always more reliable than qualitative data. Qualitative data cannot be analyzed. Quantitative uses numerical data; qualitative uses descriptive or explanatory data.

What does “validity” mean in the context of research?. It means publishing in a peer-reviewed journal. It refers to how accurately and truthfully the data and findings represent the studied phenomena. It allows researchers to use any tool without justification. It only applies to quantitative data.

What is the purpose of using mixed methods in Applied Linguistics research?. To interrelate qualitative and quantitative data for a deeper understanding of the research problem. To complete the research faster using two methods at once. To reduce the need for participant interaction. To use the same tools for both data types.

According to Dörnyei (2010), what is the difference between a sample and a population?. The population is a smaller subset selected from the sample. The sample is the group actually studied, while the population is the broader group to whom results are generalized. Sample and population are interchangeable terms. The population refers to questionnaires only.

What are the three main types of data that questionnaires can collect according to Rose et al. (2020)?. Memorization, comprehension, and synthesis. Feelings, habits, and beliefs. Facts, behavior, and attitudes. Skills, strategies, and goals.

Why are ethical considerations critical in qualitative and mixed methods research?. To skip informed consent for faster data collection. To avoid using any kind of data analysis. Because ethics are only a concern in medical research. Because researchers directly interact with people’s lives, collecting personal data through interviews and recordings.

What is the main goal of using mixed methods in Applied Linguistics research?. To replace the need for a literature review. To interrelate quantitative and qualitative data for a deeper and more holistic understanding. To use one method to confirm the weakness of the other. To analyze the same data twice using different tools.

What is the main purpose of using mixed methods in classroom research?. To eliminate the need for participant observation. To confirm that qualitative research is superior to quantitative research. To integrate qualitative and quantitative data to obtain a more comprehensive understanding. To simplify the research process by using fewer tools.

What is the main goal of experimental research in applied linguistics? *. To identify cause-effect relationships between variables by applying a treatment to one group and comparing results. To randomly survey individuals without control or treatment groups. To collect opinions through open-ended questions only. To observe a group over a long time without intervention.

Which of the following is a feature of classroom observation as a research method?. It provides non-judgmental descriptions of classroom events that can later be interpreted. It only focuses on evaluating teaching methods with scores. It involves asking students to complete anonymous online surveys. It records only student eye contact and ignores other behaviors.

What is the main goal of using mixed methods in Applied Linguistics research? ?. To replace the need for a literature review. To interrelate quantitative and qualitative data for a deeper and more holistic understanding. To use one method to confirm the weakness of the other. To analyze the same data twice using different tools.

Why are ethical considerations critical in qualitative and mixed methods research?. Because researchers directly interact with people’s lives, collecting personal data through interviews and recordings. To skip informed consent for faster data collection. Because ethics are only a concern in medical research. To avoid using any kind of data analysis.

When qualitative data are quantified, what is the purpose of this transformation?. D) To convert interviews into statistical tests. B) To allow qualitative insights to be incorporated into numerical analysis. A) To reduce subjectivity and add mathematical accuracy. C) To eliminate interpretative biases from the coding process.

How does coding contribute to the process of qualitative data analysis? *. B) It converts numerical scores into theoretical categories. A) It eliminates irrelevant participant responses. D) It calculates statistical relationships between responses. C) It facilitates the identification of patterns and categories from raw data.

In what key way does correlational research differ from experimental research?. A) It tests variables through random assignments. B) It manipulates dependent variables to assess outcomes. D) It uses inferential statistics exclusively. C) It seeks to find statistical associations without altering research conditions.

How does identifying a priority between quantitative and qualitative components benefit mixed methods design?. D) It removes the need for mixed interpretation. C) It guides the sequencing and integration of data analysis. A) It helps select the right statistical test. B) It determines which participant answers are used.

What is the purpose of assigning codes during qualitative data analysis?. D) To quantify language use across interviews. A) To apply statistical procedures more easily. C) To identify recurring patterns and prepare for thematic analysis. B) To conceal participant identity.

Which of the following research questions best aligns with the goals of applied linguistics in a mixed methods study?. B) How do peer interactions influence learners’ oral fluency and self-perception?. D) How many adjectives appear in a newspaper corpus?. C) What are the structural changes in phonemes over time?. A) How does vocabulary change in medical texts across decades?.

How does data triangulation differ from a true mixed methods design?. C) Triangulation always includes statistical verification. B) Triangulation integrates findings from several qualitative instruments, not necessarily mixing methods. A) Triangulation relies solely on qualitative observations. D) Triangulation and mixed methods are essentially interchangeable.

Why is systematic and rule-based data coding essential in quantitative research?. B) It allows qualitative data to be hidden during analysis. D) It removes the need for software like SPSS. A) It ensures that data cleaning can be skipped. C) It maintains consistency and enables numerical interpretation of variables.

Why is it critical for qualitative researchers to construct arguments rather than let the data “speak for itself”?. A) Because the data lacks internal consistency. C) Because longer data extracts are more persuasive. D) Because qualitative data are always fictionalized. B) Because readers were not present during data collection.