NCLEX CRUSADE ACADEMY TEST - 13 HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT

1. A nurse is reviewing diagnostic criteria for hypertension. Which finding confirms a diagnosis of hypertension?. A single blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg. An average of two or more elevated readings taken on two or more separate occasions. A systolic blood pressure of 130 mmHg after exercise. One diastolic reading of 85 mmHg.

2. Which factor is considered a non modifiable risk factor for primary hypertension?. Obesity. Alcohol intake. Family history. High sodium intake.

3. A patient with hypertension asks about lifestyle changes. Which recommendation is most appropriate?. Increase sodium intake. Follow a low sodium DASH diet. Avoid all physical activity. Increase caffeine intake.

4. A nurse is educating a patient about orthostatic hypotension. Which instruction should the nurse include?. Stand up quickly. Rise slowly from sitting or lying positions. Increase salt substitutes. Avoid hydration.

5. Which symptom may indicate hypertensive crisis?. Mild fatigue. Severe pounding headache. Slight nausea. Dry cough.

6. Which organ is often the first to show damage from severe hypertension due to capillary injury?. Liver. Kidneys. Pancreas. Thyroid.

7. A nurse notes oliguria in a hypertensive patient. What is the priority action?. Encourage fluids. Document and reassess later. Notify the healthcare provider immediately. Restrict fluids.

8. During a hypertensive crisis, what is the nurses first priority intervention?. Provide diet education. Ensure airway patency. Administer oral medication. Encourage ambulation.

9. How often should blood pressure be monitored during a hypertensive crisis according to crisis protocol?. Every 30 minutes. Every 15 minutes. Every 5 minutes. Every hour.

10. Which position is recommended initially for a patient in hypertensive crisis?. Trendelenburg. Supine flat. High Fowlers (upright). Prone.

11. A patient with T5 spinal cord injury develops severe hypertension, flushing, and headache. What condition should the nurse suspect?. Neurogenic shock. Autonomic dysreflexia. Septic shock. Hypoglycemia.

12. Which intervention is priority for autonomic dysreflexia?. Lay the patient flat. Sit the patient upright. Provide oxygen only. Encourage coughing.

13. Which medication class includes enalapril?. Beta blockers. ACE inhibitors. Calcium channel blockers. Diuretics.

14. What is the most common reason patients discontinue ACE inhibitors?. Hypotension. Persistent dry cough. Fever. Rash.

15. Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with ACE inhibitors like enalapril?. Hypokalemia. Hyperkalemia. Hyponatremia. Hypocalcemia.

16. Which food instruction should a patient taking enalapril receive?. Increase potassium salt substitutes. Avoid salt substitutes. Increase caffeine intake. Drink grapefruit juice.

17. Which adverse reaction to ACE inhibitors requires immediate medical attention?. Mild headache. Angioedema. Slight fatigue. Dry mouth.

18. Which complication can occur from uncontrolled hypertension?. Asthma. Stroke. Hypoglycemia. Anemia.

19. Which symptom may indicate neurological involvement during hypertensive crisis?. Confusion. Rash. Diarrhea. Muscle cramps.

20. Which over the counter medication may increase blood pressure?. Pseudoephedrine. Acetaminophen. Ibuprofen. Calcium carbonate.

21. Which lifestyle habit contributes to hypertension risk?. Regular exercise. High salt intake. Adequate sleep. Hydration.

22. Which assessment finding is common in patients with hypertension?. Severe symptoms always present. Patients often asymptomatic. Immediate kidney failure. Severe hypoglycemia.

23. Which complication affects the heart in longIterm hypertension?. Coronary artery disease. Appendicitis. Pancreatitis. Asthma.

24. What is the diastolic threshold for diagnosing hypertension according to the material?. >80 mmHg. >85 mmHg. >90 mmHg. >100 mmHg.

25. What is the primary goal when managing hypertensive crisis?. Immediate normalization of BP. Controlled reduction to prevent organ damage. Increasing cardiac output rapidly. Eliminating all medications.