NCLEX CRUSADE ACADEMY TEST - 3 EMPHYSEMA AND TYPES OF OXYGEN DELIVERY SYSTEM

1. What is the primary structural problem in emphysema?. Fluid accumulation in alveoli. Destruction of alveolar walls and loss of elasticity. Bronchial dilation. Pleural inflammation.

2. The primary airway problem in chronic bronchitis is: Alveolar rupture. Chronic inflammation and excessive mucus. Pleural thickening. Pulmonary embolism.

3. A diagnostic rule for chronic bronchitis includes: Fever for 2 weeks. Dyspnea for 1 month. Productive cough for 3 months over 2 consecutive years. Chest pain for 6 months.

4. What is the shared clinical outcome of emphysema and chronic bronchitis?. Pulmonary edema. Air trapping and impaired gas exchange. Increased lung compliance. Increased oxygen transport.

5. Huff coughing is used to: Reduce heart rate. Mobilize respiratory secretions. Increase oxygen saturation. Reduce airway resistance.

6. Pursed-lip breathing helps COPD patients by: Decreasing airway pressure. Preventing alveolar collapse by creating back pressure. Increasing mucus secretion. Increasing respiratory rate.

7. Which dietary recommendation is appropriate for COPD patients?. Low calorie diet. Large meals twice daily. High calorie high protein diet. High carbohydrate fasting diet.

8. COPD patients should increase fluid intake because: It improves kidney function. It thins respiratory secretions. It increases lung capacity. It decreases oxygen demand.

9. Which environmental recommendation is important for COPD patients?. Continue smoking moderately. Avoid pollen and extreme temperature changes. Increase alcohol consumption. Avoid hydration.

10. Which oxygen delivery device provides low-flow oxygen between 16 L/min?. Venturi mask. Non-rebreather mask. Nasal cannula. Face tent.

11. A simple face mask typically delivers oxygen at: 12 L/min. 58 L/min. 1015 L/min. 2030 L/min.

12. The minimum oxygen flow rate for a simple face mask should be: 2 L/min. 3 L/min. 5 L/min. 10 L/min.

13. Which oxygen delivery device provides the most precise oxygen concentration?. Nasal cannula. Simple mask. Venturi mask. Non-rebreather mask.

14. Venturi masks control oxygen concentration through: Flow meter adjustments. Adapter color-coded valves. Bag inflation. Patient breathing rate.

15. A non-rebreather mask typically delivers FiO2 up to: 40%. 60%. 95%. 25%.

16. What is a critical safety rule when using a non-rebreather mask?. Remove bag. Bag must remain inflated. Flow rate must be low. Mask should be loose.

17. Face tents are typically used for: COPD maintenance. Facial trauma or burns. Asthma therapy. Sleep apnea.

18. Trach collars or T-pieces are used for patients with: Nasal fractures. Tracheostomies or ET tubes. COPD only. Pneumonia only.

19. Artificial airways require: No humidity. Artificial humidification. Low oxygen. Dry oxygen.

20. CPAP therapy provides: Variable airway pressure. Continuous airway pressure. Oxygen only. Intermittent pressure.

21. BiPAP differs from CPAP because it: Provides oxygen only. Uses two pressure levels (IPAP and EPAP). Delivers lower oxygen. Uses no pressure.

22. BiPAP is commonly used for: Mild cough. COPD exacerbation. Healthy patients. Mild dyspnea.

23. Which substance should never be used around oxygen therapy?. Cotton. Water-based lubricants. Petroleum-based products. Fire extinguisher.

24. Which nursing action is essential before administering antibiotics for pneumonia?. Collect sputum culture. Start antibiotics immediately. Give oxygen. Hydrate patient.

25. Which physical assessment finding indicates lung consolidation?. Decreased tactile fremitus. Egophony. Hyperresonance. Wheezing only.