otra oportunidad

Exercise 1. Which statement best defines True North?. a) The direction of the great circle to the meridian convergence point. b) The direction indicated by a properly compensated magnetic compass. c) The direction along a meridian towards the geographic North Pole. d) The direction perpendicular to the equator at any longitude.

Exercise 2. Parallels of latitude are: a) Great circles except the Equator. b) Small circles, except the Equator which is a great circle. c) Great circles only above 60°. d) Rhumb lines with constant course.

Exercise 3. A rhumb line (loxodrome) is a curve that: a) Crosses all meridians at the same angle. b) Always gives the shortest distance. c) Passes through both poles. d) Is a small circle with constant radius.

Exercise 4.Which statement is true about meridians: a) Meridians have East–West direction. b) Only some meridians are great circles. c) The meridians range from 0° to 180° latitude. d) Meridians cut the Equator at right angles.

Exercise 5. The radius of the Earth is approximately: a) 3200 NM. b) 3443 NM. c) 3636 NM. d) 6886 NM.

Exercise 6. One Nautical Mile is approximately: a) 1.612 km. b) 0.852 km. c) 1.685 km. d) 1852 m.

Exercise 9. Which statement is true about Variation: a) It is the angular difference between heading and the True North at any given point. b) It is the angular difference between magnetic north and the true north. It is constant at any point. c) It is the angular difference between magnetic north and the true north at any given point. It changes over time. d) It is the angular difference between magnetic north and the true north. It measures in degrees N or S.

Exercise 17. Which statement is true about Drift;. a) It is the difference between heading and track. b) It is the difference between true heading and magnetic heading. c) It is the difference between magnetic heading and compass heading. d) It is the difference between actual track and planned track.

Exercise 23. Which statement is true about 60:1 Rule: a) It is not an important rule in aviation and is used only in very specific situations. b) One minute of error along a 60 NM track, generates a 1 NM lateral deviation from planned track. c) One degree of error along a 600 NM track, generates a 10 NM lateral deviation from planned track. d) One degree of error along a 60 NM track, generates a 1 NM lateral deviation from planned track.

Exercise 28. The shortest distance between two points on the Earth’s surface lies along: a) A rhumb line. b) A great circle. c) A parallel. d) A small circle.

Exercise 29. One degree of angular change in the same meridian (ch lat), correspond in the Earth’s surface to: a) 60 NM. b) 1 NM. c) 6 NM. d) 1 km.

Exercise 30. What statement is true about Convergence?. a) It is the angle of inclination of meridians towards one another. b) It is the difference between initial and final direction of a great circle. c) Convergence on Equator is cero. d) All above are true.

Exercise 31. Conversion angle is: a) The difference between initial and final direction of a great circle. b) The difference between track and rhumb line. c) The difference between great circle direction and rhumb line direction. d) None of the above.

Exercise 34. If a Great Circle has an eastbound track, the direction along the Great Circle will: a) Increase in north hemisphere. b) Decrease in south hemisphere. c) Remain constant along the Great Circle. d) A and B are true.

Exercise 39. On a Mercator chart, the meridians are represented as: a) Parallel straight lines. b) Converging lines. c) Curves concave to the pole. d) Circles.

Exercise 40. What type of projection uses a Polar Stereographic Chart?. a) Cylindrical projection. b) Plane/Azimuthal projection. c) Conical projection. d) None of the above.

Exercise 41. A chart is said to be conformal if: a) Distances are preserved. b) Areas are preserved. c) Angles are preserved. d) Scale is constant everywhere.

Exercise 42. On a Lambert chart, the angle between meridians represents: a) The true convergence of meridians. b) Twice the real convergence. c) No convergence at all. d) The correct convergence at the mean latitude.

Exercise 47. The “duration of twilight”: a) is independent of the Sun’s declination, and only depends on the observer’s latitude and longitude. b) will in the period around the equinoxes increase as you approach the equator from North or South. c) is longer in the morning than in the evening because of the refraction in the atmosphere. d) is generally longer in positions at high latitudes than in positions at lower latitudes.

Exercise 48. What is the difference between UTC and GMT?. a) UTC is adjusted abruptly at announced time and is hence not practical to use. b) UTC is slightly more accurate than GMT, but the difference between the two is so small that it has no importance in everyday navigation of aircraft. c) All answers above are correct. d) GMT is valid only at the Greenwich meridian and is of no use at other longitudes.

Exercise 49. The countries having a standard time slow on UTC: a) Will often have an earlier standard date than the UTC date. b) Will generally be located at eastern longitudes. c) Will generally be located at western longitudes. d) Will often experience sunrise earlier than the sunrise occurs at the Greenwich meridian.