PARTE 3

Why is vitamin C especially important in old age?. It increases bone density. It protects the immune system from viral infections. It helps in the absorption of vitamin D. It prevents muscle loss.

Which of the following is a rich natural source of vitamin C?. Eggs. Whole grains. Most fruits and vegetables. Fish.

What is the main reason older adults often need vitamin B12 supplements?. They eat fewer protein-rich foods. Their bodies do not absorb or produce enough of it. It is destroyed by stomach acid. It is only found in plant-based foods.

Vitamin B12 is essential for maintaining which bodily function?. Bone growth. Blood circulation. Nerve function. Muscle contraction.

Why do elderly individuals need dietary sources of vitamin D?. They produce too much of it naturally. Their skin synthesizes it less efficiently from sunlight. It cannot be stored in the body. It replaces the need for calcium.

Foods such as cereals, milk, yogurt and fruit juices are described as “fortified” because they: Are low in calories. Contain added vitamins. Contain natural fibre. Have reduced fat content.

Vitamin D helps prevent osteoporosis by: Increasing protein absorption. Slowing calcium loss from bones. Increasing sunlight exposure. Strengthening muscle fibres.

As people age, why is reducing dietary fat recommended?. Fat causes vitamin deficiencies. The immune system becomes weaker. The risk of heart disease increases. Fat decreases bone density.

Which of the following is identified as a good source of dietary fibre?. Fish. Oats. Cheese. Chicken.

Wholegrain foods are produced from: Refined sugars. Unrefined cereal grains. Animal fats. Fermented fruits.

Increasing fibre intake helps prevent colon cancer primarily by: Stopping calcium absorption. Increasing fat storage. Moving food efficiently through the digestive tract. Increasing protein breakdown.

Why are anti-inflammatory nutrients important in old age?. They reduce appetite. They help prevent tissue and bone inflammation. They increase muscle mass. They improve vitamin absorption.

The term “Second childhood,” as used by Shakespeare, refers to: Middle adulthood. Early adolescence. Frailty and cognitive decline in old age. The teenage growth phase.

In “second childhood,” the most important function of diet is to: Increase overall energy for physical activity. Protect the immune system and reduce pain. Promote weight gain. Support athletic performance.

Why must protein for elderly individuals be easy to digest?. The elderly require more protein than young adults. The elderly digestive system becomes less efficient. Protein becomes toxic in old age. Protein replaces the need for vitamins.