Psycology and language learning 2.

A conversation between learners in wich they work together to solve a problem, for example, recontructing a story they have heard, is called. Collaborative dialogue. Communicative competence. Connectionism.

In relation to the role of practice, Lourdes Ortega (2007) has propose. Ir explains that First lenguaje influence does become more apparent as the learner more about the second language. Ir explains that learner do not simple transfer features from the first language early suave of acquisition. Ir explains that learners have limited prcessing capacity and cannot pay attention to form anhd and meaning at the same time.

In relation to the role of practice, Lourdes Ortega (2007) has proposed three principles for practiceint in the foreign language classroom that she ees as compartible with the research carried out from what she calls the cognitive interactionist perspective. Practice should be interactive Practice should be meaningful Practice should be a focus on task Essential form. Practice should be collaborative Practice should be emotional Practice should be focus on essential tasks. Practice should be emotional Practice should be standard Practice should be focus on technology.

.................. is the language we use when we are talking to ourselves, not expecting anyone to hear or reapond. Rate speech. Public speech. Private speech.

Modified interaction is the key for making language comprehensible, according to...... The noticing hypothesis. The interaction hypothesis. The information processing.

................. adapted conversation patterns that proficient speakers use in addressing language learners so that the learners will be able to understand. Modified input. Modified interaction. Mitigation.

Which of the following is the best definition for declarative knowledge?. Information that we have and know we have. Language learning for immediate or practical goals. The modified or simplified language that some native speakers addrress to second language learners.

Which of the following is the suggestion for information processing model?. It suggeest that there is a limit to use the amount of focused mental activity we can engage in at one time. It suggest that there is a kind of resources needed to process the information. It suggest that there is a methaphor for the mind.

Which of the following are advantages of older learners. They are expected to speak immediately. They are willing to speak. They are able to solve problems and discus.

As in first language acquisition, cognitive and developmental psychologist argue that there is no need to hypothesize that humans have a language specific module in the brain or that ............... and .......... distintic mentalprocesses. Generalization /categorization. Acquisition / learning. Generalization /acquisition.

Language is at least partly learned in chunks, according to................ Connectionism. Interactions. Universal grammar.

From the cognitive psychology perspective, however, first and second language acquisirion are seen as drawing on the same processesof ........., ......., .........and ............ Grammatical morphemes/ memory/ information / generalizarion. Perception / knowledge/ methaphor / transfer. Perception / memory / cathegorization / generalization.

...'............ refers to explicit provision of the correct form. Elicitation. Explicit correctio. Clarification requests.

.......... refers when teachers ask questions that they know the answer to so. That learners can display their knowledge of the language ( or lack of it). Genuine questions. Display questions. Open question.

In what kind of settings, meaning is emphasized over form and the number of errors is limited. Natural acquisition settings. Structure base instructional setting. Communicative intructional settings.

Clarification request, elicitation and repetition are some techniques that teachers use as ........ Institutional approach. Corrective feedback. Observation schemes.

Structure based instructional settings is based on. Vocabulary and grammar. Communication. Social interaction.

A concept in which learners are provided just enough support in order to reach the next level of ability. Recast. Scaffolding. Metalinguistic feedback.

Which of the following error feedback types refers to a teachers restatement of all or part of what a srudent says exept for the error. Recast. Clarification request. Repetition.

The definition for Genuine questions is the kind of questions for wich. The asker doesn't know the answer in advance. The asker doesn't know the answer and doesn't use it so that learners can use their knowledge. The asker knows the answer in advance, but the asker uses it to talk language.

Which of the following is a classroom behavior not used in the COLT observations schemes. Feedback on errors. Genuine questions. Syntax errors.

.............. indicates to students either that their utterace has been misunderstood by the teacher or that the uterance is incorrect in some way and that repetition or reformulation is requieredu. Repetition. Clarification request. Explicit correction.

In communicative, content - based and task-based intructional settings, students success in measure in terms ....... Their ability to get things done in the second language. Their accurancy in using certain grammatical features. Their ability to write in the second language.

Which is the distintion between natural and instructional settings?. Natural settings emphasize transmission of a language. Instructional settings emphasize the message. In natural settings learning takes place through free interaction with native language peers instructional settings learning takes place using guided student. Natural settings learners feel free to speak or write the second language, instructional settings learners feel pressure to speak or write the second language from the begining.

Ethnography is a descriptive research in which the observer. Seeks to persuade the members of a community to change their life style. Seeks to understand a group or community from within its own perpective. Seels to talk about language in order to transmit information.

Which setting provide an environment where the language is taugh to group of second or foreing language learners. Structure-based instructional settings. Natural acquisitions settings. Communicative structures settings.

Which of the following is one of the risks of using recasting as a form of feedback. Students may become self conscious and may be reluctant to speak. Students may not notice the feedback. Students may be able to treat the language as an object.

The ........... argues that animals, including humands are genetically programmed to adquire certain kinds of knowledge and skill at specific times in life. Bilingualism. Developmental perspective. Critical period hypotesis.

As children learn their first language in the first three years there are predictable patterns in the emergence and development of many features of the laguage they are learning. Which of the following best describes the determining factor for the adquisition of these features?. Developmental stage of the child wich allows them to understand concepts such as time and therefore use language related to these concepts. Mastery of linguistics elements children need to use in oreder to describe concepts they already have in their mind. Learning to read gives a mayor boost to this aspects of the language development.

Simultaneous Bilingualism takes place when ..... Children learn to read and write simultanoously. Children learn more than one language from earliest childhood. People who learn another language later in life.

The challenge of learning complex language system is also illustrated in the developmental stage through which children learn to ask question. In wich developmental stage of questions children are able to correctly form all questions types, including negative and complex embeded question. Stage 2. Stage 3. Stage 6.

Which of the following best describes the concepts of metalinguistic awareness. The ability to read and write a language at a young age. The ability to understand and produce language. The ability to reflect on the structure and meaning of language.

Which seems to be true about general developmental secuences. Second and foreing language learners from different first language bacground develop language features in muchthe same order. Second and foreing language learners and first language learners from different first language bakgrounds develop language features in much the same order. Second and foreing language learners and first language learners drom different first language bacground develop language features in different order.

Which of the following example presents the correct obligatory context for the morpheme. Yesterday, I go to visit my grandmother( present tense). Last night , I sleep very deeply (present tense). Last week., my brother rent a car (past tense).

According the contrastive Analysis hypotesis (CAH) , which of the following was the cause of learnes error. Students didn't practice the correct forms enough to make them a habit. Students transfered knowledge of their first language to their new language. Students didn't pay close enough attention to the language structure they were taght.

There are some learning conditions about second language learners. Read the following sentence and choose the correct one about older second language learners. Older second language learners are not often force to speak from the earlies days of the learning, whether to meet the requeriments of classroom instructions. Older second language learners are often allowed to be silent until they are ready to speak. They may also practice tbeir second language in songs and games that allow them to blend their voices with those of other children. Older second language learners are often force to speak from the earlies days of the learning, whether to meet the requeriments of classroom instructions or carry out everyday task such as shopping , medical visit , or job interviews.

The influence of learners first language knowledge in the second language is called .......... or .............. Inteference / recast. Transfer/interference. Register transfer.

In wich second language stage of negation «do is marked for tense , person, and number, and most interlanguage sentence appearto be just like those of the target language. Stage 3. Stage 4. Stage 2.

In which second language stage of question development would a person who says the following likely to be? Question tag: It's better , isn't it Negative questions Why can't you go? Embeded questions can you tell me what the date id today?. Stage 4 Fronting. Stage 5 Inversion. Stage 6 Complec cuestions.

According to one of the second learner characteristics, cognitive maturity and metalinguistic awarness allows older learners to. Willing to try to use the language even when their profiency is quite limited. Solve problems and engage in discussions about language. To listen and participate silently in social interactiom with their peers.