PTA CAP 8: Meteorología PARTE 3

Anti-icing fluid should provide freezing point protection to. -20�F ambient temperature. +32�F outside temperature or below. a freezing point no greater than 20�F below the ambient or airplane surface temperature.

Freezing Point Depressant (FPD) fluids used for deicing. provide ice protection during flight. are intended to provide ice protection on the ground only. on the ground, cause no performance degradation during takeoff.

Snow on top of deicing or anti-icing fluids. need not be considered as adhering to the aircraft. must be considered as adhering to the aircraft. must be considered as adhering to the aircraft, but a safe takeoff can be made as it will blow off.

Freezing Point Depressant (FPD) fluids are highly soluble in water; however,. ice is slow to absorb it but fast to melt when in contact with FPD. ice absorbs it very fast but is slow to melt when in contact with it. ice is slow to absorb it, and to melt when in contact with it.

Freezing Point Depressant (FPD) fluid residue on engine fan or compressor blades. can increase performance and cause stalls or surges. could cause FDP vapors to enter the aircraft but would have no affect on engine thrust or power. can reduce engine performance and cause surging and/or compressor stalls.

The practice developed and accepted by the North American air carrier industry using traditional North American fluids is to ensure that the freeze point of the remaining film is below ambient temperature by at least. 10�F. 20�F. 20�C.

What is the effect of Freezing Point Depressant (FPD) fluid residue on engine fan or compressor blades?. could cause FPD vapors to enter the aircraft but would have no affect on engine thrust or power. It can increase performance and cause stalls or surges. It can reduce engine performance and cause surging and/or compressor stalls.

What is a feature of supercooled water?. The water drop sublimates to an ice particle upon impact. The unstable water drop freezes upon striking an exposed object. The temperature of the water drop remains at 0�C until it impacts a part of the airframe, then clear ice accumulates.

What condition is necessary for the formation of structural icing in flight?. Supercooled water drops. Water vapor. Visible water.

Which type of icing is associated with the smallest size of water droplet similar to that found in low-level stratus clouds?. Clear ice. Frost ice. Rime ice.

Freezing rain encountered during climb is normally evidence that. a climb can be made to a higher altitude without encountering more than light icing. a layer of warmer air exists above. ice pellets at higher altitudes have changed to rain in the warmer air below.

Which type precipitation is an indication that supercooled water is present?. Wet snow. Freezing rain. Ice pellets.

What condition is indicated when ice pellets are encountered during flight?. Thunderstorms at higher levels. Freezing rain at higher levels. Snow at higher levels.

Which of the following weather conditions are conducive to in-flight icing?. Droplets that splash or splatter on impact at temperatures below 10 degrees C ambient temperature. Droplets that impact at temperatures below -20 degrees C ambient air temperature. Droplets that splash or splatter on impact at temperatures below 10 degrees C and above 1 degree C ambient temperature.

Which of the following weather conditions are conducive to in-flight icing?. Visible rain with temperatures below 0 degrees C. Visible rain with temperatures below 10 degrees C. Visible rain with temperatures below 5 degrees C.

What temperature condition is indicated if precipitation in the form of wet snow occurs during flight?. The temperature is above freezing at flight altitude. The temperature is above freezing at higher altitudes. There is an inversion with colder air below.

Which conditions result in the formation of frost?. The temperature of the collecting surface is at or below freezing and small droplets of moisture are falling. Dew collects on the surface and then freezes because the surface temperature is lower than the air temperature. Temperature of the collecting surface is below the dewpoint and the dewpoint is also below freezing.

The following weather condition may be conducive to severe in-flight icing: visible rain at temperatures below 0�C ambient air temperature. visible moisture at temperatures below 5�C ambient temperature. visible rain at temperatures below 10�C ambient temperature.

When will frost most likely form on aircraft surfaces?. On clear nights with stable air and light winds. On overcast nights with freezing drizzle precipitation. On clear nights with convective action and a small temperature/dewpoint spread.

During an IFR cross-country flight you picked up rime icing which you estimate is 1/2" thick on the leading edge of the wings. You are now below the clouds at 2000 feet AGL and are approaching your destination airport under VFR. Visibility under the clouds is more than 10 miles, winds at the destination airport are 8 knots right down the runway, and the surface temperature is 3 degrees Celsius. You decide to. use a faster than normal approach and landing speed. approach and land at your normal speed since the ice is not thick enough to have any noticeable effect. fly your approach slower than normal to lessen the 'wind chill' effect and break up the ice.

The pilot in command of an airplane en route determines that icing conditions can be expected that might adversely affect safety of the flight. Which action is appropriate?. The pilot in command may continue to the original destination airport, after climbing to a higher altitude. The pilot in command shall not continue flight into the icing conditions. The flight may continue to the original destination airport, provided all anti-icing and deicing equipment is operational and is used.

What action is required prior to takeoff if snow is adhering to the wings of an air carrier airplane?. Sweep off as much snow as possible and the residue must be polished smooth. Assure that the snow is removed from the airplane. Add 15 knots to the normal V(R) speed as the snow will blow off.

A pretakeoff contamination check for snow, ice or frost is required by 14 CFR Part 135. This check is required to. be made within 2 minutes of starting the takeoff roll. be completed within 5 minutes prior to beginning the takeoff. see that the aircraft is clean, therefore, a safe takeoff can be made during the next 5 minutes.

Deicing procedures and equipment developed for large transport airplanes. will not be appropriate for the smaller aircraft, used under 14 CFR Part 135. will be appropriate for all of the smaller aircraft, used under 14 CFR Part 135. may not be appropriate for some of the smaller aircraft, used under 14 CFR Part 135.

What type turbulence should be reported when it causes changes in altitude and/or attitude more than two-thirds of the time, with the aircraft remaining in positive control at all times?. Continuous severe chop. Continuous moderate turbulence. Intermittent moderate turbulence.

What type turbulence should be reported when it momentarily causes slight, erratic changes in altitude and/or attitude, one-third to two-thirds of the time?. Occasional light chop. Moderate chop. Intermittent light turbulence.

Turbulence encountered above 15,000 feet AGL, not associated with cloud formations, should be reported as. convective turbulence. high altitude turbulence. clear air turbulence.

Which type clouds are indicative of very strong turbulence?. Nimbostratus. Standing lenticular. Cirrocumulus.

What is the lowest cloud in the stationary group associated with a mountain wave?. Rotor cloud. Standing lenticular. Low stratus.

Clear air turbulence (CAT) associated with a mountain wave may extend as far as. 1,000 miles or more downstream of the mountain. 5,000 feet above the tropopause. 100 miles or more upwind of the mountain.

Clear air turbulence associated with a jet stream is. most commonly found in temperatures between -40 and -50 degrees C. most commonly found in the vicinity of the tropopause. similar to that associated with a tropical maritime front.

What is a likely location of clear air turbulences?. In an upper trough on the polar side of a jetstream. Near a ridge aloft on the equatorial side of a high pressure flow. Downstream of the equatorial side of a jetstream.

Which type jetstream can be expected to cause the greater turbulence?. A straight jetstream associated with a high pressure ridge. A jetstream associated with a wide isotherm spacing. A curving jetstream associated with a deep low pressure trough.

Which action is recommended if jetstream turbulence is encountered with a direct headwind or tailwind?. Increase airspeed to get out of the area quickly. Change course to fly on the polar side of the jetstream. Change altitude or course to avoid a possible elongated turbulent area.

Which action is recommended regarding an altitude change to get out of jetstream turbulence?. Descend if ambient temperature is falling. Descend if ambient temperature is rising. Maintain altitude if ambient temperature is not changing.

What action is recommended when encountering turbulence due to a wind shift associated with a sharp pressure trough?. Establish a straight course across the storm area. Climb or descend to a smoother level. Increase speed to get out of the trough as soon as possible.

Which arctic flying hazard is caused when a cloud layer of uniform thickness overlies a snow or ice covered surface?. Ice fog. Whiteout. Blowing snow.

Which weather condition is present when the tropical storm is upgraded to a hurricane?. Highest windspeed, 100 knots or more. A clear area or hurricane eye has formed. Sustained winds of 65 knots or more.

What is the general direction of movement of a hurricane located in the Caribbean or Gulf of Mexico region?. Northwesterly curving to northeasterly. Westerly, until encountering land, then easterly. Counterclockwise over open water, then dissipating outward over land.

(Refer to Figure 145.) What was the local Central Standard Time of the Aviation Routine Weather Report at Austin (KAUS)?. 11:53 a.m. 5:53 p.m. 10:53 p.m.

(Refer to Figure 145.) What type of report is listed for Lubbock (KLBB) at 1818Z?. An Aviation selected special weather report. A special report concerning very low station pressure. A Special METAR weather observation, concerning significant weather changes.

(Refer to Figure 146.) What method was used to obtain the METAR at Tyler (KTYR) at 1753Z?. Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS), having a precipitation discriminator. Automatic Meteorological Observing Station (AMOS), with a precipitation discriminator. Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS), without a precipitation discriminator.

(Refer to Figure 145.) What condition is reported at Childress (KCDS)?. Light rain showers. Heavy rain showers began 42 minutes after the hour. The ceiling is solid overcast at an estimated 1,800 feet above sea level.

(Refer to Figure 145.) What condition is reported at Dallas (KDAL)?. The tops of the overcast is 10,000 feet. Temperature/dewpoint spread is 8�F. Altimeter setting is 30.07.

SPECI KGLS 131802Z 10012G21KT 060V140 2SM +SHRA SCT005 BKN035 OVC050CB 24/23 A2980 RMK RAB57 WS TKO RW09L WSHFT 58 FROPA. This SPECI report at Galveston (KGLS) indicates which condition?. Wind steady at 100� magnetic at 12 knots, gusts to 21. Precipitation started at 57 after the hour. 5,000 feet overcast with towering cumulus.

(Refer to Figure 145.) What weather improvement was reported at Lubbock (KLBB) between 1750 and 1818 UTC?. The wind shift and frontal passage at 1812Z. The vertical visibility improved by 2,000 feet. The temperature and dewpoint spread improved.

METAR KMAF 131756Z 02020KT 12SM BKN025 OVC250 27/18 A3009 RMK RAE44. Which weather condition is indicated by this METAR report at Midland (KMAF)?. Rain of unknown intensity ended 16 minutes before the hour. The ceiling was at 25,000 feet MSL. Wind was 020� magnetic at 20 knots.

METAR KSPS 131757Z 09014KT 6SM -RA SCT025 OVC090 24/22 A3005. SPECI KSPS 131820Z 01025KT 3SM +RA FC OVC015 22/21 A3000. Which change took place at Wichita Falls (KSPS) between 1757 and 1820 UTC?. The rain became lighter. Atmospheric pressure increased. A funnel cloud was observed.

(Refer to Figure 146.) What was the ceiling at Walnut Ridge (KARG)?. 1,000 feet AGL. 2,400 feet AGL. 1,000 feet MSL.

METAR KHRO 131753Z 09007KT 7SM FEW020 BKN040 30/27 A3001. SPECI KHRO 131815Z 13017G26KT 3SM +TSRA SCT020 BKN045TCU 29/24 A2983 RMK RAB12 WS TKO LDG RW14R FRQ LTGICCG VC. What change has taken place between 1753 and 1815 UTC at Harrison (KHRO)?. The ceiling lowered and cumulonimbus clouds developed. Thundershowers began at 12 minutes past the hour. Visibility reduced to IFR conditions.