Secong Language Learning Perspectives

Explained learning in terms of imitation, practice, reinforcement (positive, negative feeback) and habit formation. The behaviourist perspective. The social-cultural perspective. The noticing perspective. The Interactionists perspective. The cognitive perspective. The Innatist perspective.

The best-known proponent of this psychological perspective theory was B.F. Skinner. The Innatist perspective. The social-cultural perspective. The behaviourist perspective. The cognitive perspective. The Interactionists perspective. The noticing perspective.

Believe you learn by drill and practice. Rote memorization is key. After being exposed to new language, practicing it repeatedly with encouragement will eventually make it natural and habitual. The Innatist perspective. The social-cultural perspective. The noticing perspective. The Interactionists perspective. The cognitive perspective. The behaviourist perspective.

Language is a matter of learning the kinds of meanings that can be shared in particular situations, and that children learn grammar based on meaningful choices rather than formal rules. Inductive approach. Functional approach. Deductive approach.

Uses language to express a need, a desire: I need a fork: Instrumental. Regulatory. Interactional. Personal.

Uses language to direct other people>Get out of here>. Instrumental. Regulatory. Interactional. Personal.

Uses the language to make contact and form relationships: Would you like to be my workout buddy?. Instrumental. Regulatory. Interactional. Personal.

Uses language to express feelings>Briefcases filled with money make me happy: Instrumental. Regulatory. Interactional. Personal.

Uses language to gain knowledge about the environment: Hey, why is that pizza on fire?. Personal. Heuristic. Imaginative. Representational.

Uses language to tell stories or jokes, create an imaginary world: Once upon a time there was a vampire who fell in love: Personal. Heuristic. Imaginative. Representational.

Uses language to convey facts or information: Did you know that pandas only eat bamboo?. Personal. Heuristic. Imaginative. Representational.

This approach involves the learners being given a general rule, which is then applied to specific language examples and honed through practice exercises. Inductive approach. Deductive approach. Functional approach.

This approach involves the learners detecting, or noticing, patterns and working out a ‘rule’ for themselves before they practise the language. Inductive approach. Functional approach. Deductive approach.

This approach (rule-driven) starts with the presentation of a rule and is followed by examples in which the rule is applied. Functional approach. Deductive approach. Inductive approach.

This approach (rule-discovery) starts with some examples from which a rule is inferred. Functional approach. Deductive approach. Inductive approach.

It is believed that language acquisition involved the establishment of associations between particular processes of behavior and the responses that followed. Thus, the impact of motivation, consistent reinforcement and consequences was considered highly influential when eliciting a desirable change in behavior. The behaviourist perspective. The Innatist perspective. The cognitive perspective. The Interactionists perspective.

It is claimed that children were born with the major principles of language already in place, and that this pre-exiting knowledge was different to the examples or occasions in which they actually used speech. The behaviourist perspective. The Innatist perspective. The cognitive perspective. The Interactionists perspective.

Considers language acquisition to be as a result of negotiating with your environment to represent the recurrent regularities that occur. It also proposes the idea that the culture and environment in which language is being learned are highly influential in an individual's development. The cognitive perspective. The Interactionists perspective. The noticing perspective. The social-cultural perspective.

Two of the main social interaction theorists. Chomsky/Lev Vygotsky. Chomsky/Bruner. Bruner/Lev Vygotsky. Skinner.

Leader of the cognitivist movement: Noam Chomsky. B.F Skinner. Lev Vygotsky. Bruner.

In this approach the student learns the TL by using it to learn some other new content. Project-Based Learning. Content-Based Learning. Problem-Based Learning.

The language being learned and used is taught within the context of the content. Project-Based Learning. Content-Based Learning. Problem-Based Learning.