SIMULADORES CONSTRUCT

A bilingual student uses Spanish when discussing emotions but switches to English when writing academic essays. Which explanation fits best?. The student uses different registers depending on context. The student is undergoing subtractive bilingualism. The student is experiencing fossilization. The student lacks competence in Spanish.

Turkey: English-Medium Private Schools Private schools in Turkey teach most subjects in English, while public schools teach in Turkish. English proficiency becomes a social status marker. Answer the following questions: English-medium instruction creates:. National cohesion risk occurs when:. Equity can improve by:. Reducing linguistic elitism involves:. Government should:.

If bilingual teachers model respectful integration of both languages, it encourages: Positive identity and additive bilingualism. Linguistic insecurity. Divergence. Subtractive outcomes.

A teacher integrates cultural practices of indigenous Ecuadorian communities while teaching English. What concept is being emphasized?. Silent period. Linguistic competence. Socio-cultural factors in SLA. Contrastive analysis.

Connectionism would support activities such as: Memorizing rules only. Repeated exposure and pattern recognition. Code-switching exercises exclusively. Cultural role-plays only.

Early negative studies on bilingualism were flawed mainly because they: Tested bilinguals in their weaker language. Included only simultaneous bilinguals. Used non-verbal IQ tests. Focused on academic rather than linguistic measures.

Why can fossilization be a challenge for adult language learners?. Because adults memorize too much grammar. Because adults cannot acquire vocabulary beyond childhood. Because repeated incorrect forms can become permanent if not addressed. Because performance errors always reflect incompetence.

Match each bilingualism-related concept with the correct explanation. Metalinguistic Awareness:. Immersion Education:. Analytic Orientation:. Cognitive Flexibility:. Semilingualism:.

Interpreting “She name is Ana” as interlanguage rather than fossilization implies: The learner has completed acquisition. The learner’s system is dynamic and still developing. L1 interference is permanent. The learner must stop using L1 completely.

Which classroom practice most directly lowers the affective filter?. Publicly correcting every error. Limiting student talk to avoid mistakes. Assigning only grammar translation tasks. Encouraging students to sing songs and play games.

Immigrant children who must learn the host country’s language to attend school experience: Circumstantial bilingualism. Elective bilingualism. Linguistic divergence. Additive bilingualism.

Which of the following best illustrates the “instrumental function” of language as described by Halliday?. A teacher says “Clean your desk now!” to give an order. A child says “I’m sad” to express feelings. A student says “I need help with this exercise.”. Friends say “We will be the best team” to encourage each other.

Finland, Mexico & Turkey Bilingualism Cases – Multilingualism, CLIL, and Equity Finnish schools already operate bilingually (Finnish and Swedish). Now English is often introduced as a third language from early primary grades. Answer all the following questions: Early trilingualism may lead to:. Cross-linguistic scaffolding helps by:. English introduction risks:. CLIL sustains harmony when it:. Language policy should aim for:.

How does bilingual education promote inclusion and equity?. By valuing all linguistic identities and providing access through familiar languages. By focusing on elite learners. By enforcing one language policy. By prioritizing global over local languages.

A teacher introduces vocabulary using pictures, gestures, and stories before asking for student output. Which hypothesis supports this method?. Monitor hypothesis. Natural order hypothesis. Input hypothesis. Critical period hypothesis.

How should teachers use the Threshold Theory in planning instruction?. Focus only on memorization. Ensure learners have solid skills in one language before advancing to another. Teach all languages simultaneously. Limit exposure to minority languages.

What defines bilingual education as “bicultural” in nature?. It isolates language from cultural identity. It promotes assimilation into the dominant group. It integrates linguistic development with cultural understanding. It restricts exposure to diverse perspectives.

What skill do bilingual learners develop that monolinguals may not?. Faster memorization of isolated words. Greater ability to switch perspectives and problem-solve flexibly. Simplified thinking processes. Dependence on translation.

Match each concept to its meaning based on Valian’s framework. Task Impurity:. Executive Function (EF):. Many-Many-Many Relationship:. Cognitive Challenge:. Cognitive Reserve:.

Fossilization occurs when: Students memorize too many words. Learners keep changing their interlanguage. Teachers use bilingual materials. Errors become stable due to limited feedback or communicative success despite inaccuracy.