SIMULATOR

What is the main objective of linguistics as a science?. To create new words. To prescribe correct language use. To describe and explain language scientifically. To teach grammar rules.

Who introduced the distinction between langue and parole?. Noam Chomsky. Edward Sapir. Ferdinand de Saussure. Leonard Bloomfield.

What does langue refer to?. Individual speech acts. Language disorders. Abstract language system. Written language.

What is linguistic competence?. Grammar mistakes in conversation. Knowledge of cultural norms. Intuitive knowledge of language rules. The ability to translate languages.

Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language?. Arbitrariness. Stimulus-bound. Productivity. Displacement.

What does 'duality of patterning' mean?. Language uses two speakers. Words can have two meanings. Sounds combine to form meaningful units. Language is symmetrical.

What is the focus of synchronic linguistics?. Language over time. Historical origins of language. Language at a specific point. Child language acquisition.

Performance refers to: Theoretical grammar. Actual language use. Learning a new language. Grammar instruction.

What is the focus of phonology?. Meaning of words. Sentence structure. Organization of sounds. Speech organs.

The unit of phonology is the: Morpheme. Phoneme. Syllable. Word.

Which discipline studies word formation?. Syntax. Morphology. Semantics. Pragmatics.

Semantics deals with: Correct pronunciation. Social variations. Sentence order. Meaning of language.

Pragmatics is concerned with: Language rules. Meaning in context. Spelling rules. Lexical borrowing.

Sociolinguistics studies: Sentence length. Language and society. Memory and language. Grammar rules.

Neurolinguistics investigates: Word history. Brain-language relationships. Language families. Speech genres.

What does semiotics study?. Speech sounds. Verb tenses. Word definitions. Signs and meaning systems.

What is a language universal?. A rule for writing systems. A feature shared by all languages. A word found in many languages. A grammar book.

An implicational universal means: All languages are identical. If a language has A, it must have B. Only English has universals. Some languages cannot evolve.

Which of the following is a phonological universal?. Use of articles. Presence of /i/, /a/, /u/ vowels. Plural markers. Gender agreement.

Which historical period came after Old English?. Early Modern. Late Latin. Middle English. Proto-Germanic.

What influenced the development of Middle English?. Italian. French. Russian. Swahili.

What is the Great Vowel Shift?. A spelling reform. A change in English consonants. A dramatic vowel pronunciation change. A dictionary publication.

Which languages influenced Old English?. Latin and Greek. Germanic and Norse. Arabic and Turkish. Chinese and Korean.

One prediction about the future of English is: It will become extinct. It will merge with French. It will simplify and expand globally. It will return to Old English.

What is a morpheme?. A type of sentence. The smallest unit of meaning. A stress pattern. A speech sound.

Which is an example of a bound morpheme? A) B) ✅ C) D). Book. -ed. Cat. Talk.

What is a derivational morpheme?. One that marks tense. One that creates new words. One that joins two phrases. One that changes tone.

What are allomorphs?. Synonyms. Variants of a morpheme. Sound changes. Word parts with no meaning.

Which is an example of compounding?. Unhappy. Cats. Blackboard. Running.

What does syntax study?. Sentence structure. Word meaning. Word origins. Sound systems.

What is the common word order in English?. VSO. SVO. OVS. SOV.

What are constituents?. Rules of grammar. Sentence patterns. Word groups functioning as a unit. Conjunctions.

What are syntactic trees used for?. Word stress. Vocabulary lists. Diagramming sentence structure. Translating languages.

What is synonymy?. Two words with opposite meaning. Two words with the same meaning. A word with many sounds. A phrase with no subject.

Which of the following is an example of polysemy?. Hot / cold. Book (noun) / Book (verb). Eat / sleep. Me / you.

What is hyponymy?. Words that sound the same. Opposites in meaning. One word is included in another category. Slang expressions.

In thematic roles, who is the agent?. The one who receives the action. The experiencer. The one performing the action. The object in a sentence.

What is entailment in semantics?. One word implies two meanings. One sentence logically follows from another. A sentence with a metaphor. An adjective modifying a verb.

What causes semantic ambiguity?. Two languages mixing. A word with incorrect spelling. A sentence with more than one meaning. Poor punctuation.

What does truth-conditional semantics analyze?. Whether a sentence is poetic. When a sentence is considered true. If a word has multiple syllables. If a statement is metaphorical.