THESIS SEMINAR 8TH

Learners are given a text about healthy eating. The teacher asks them to quickly identify the main idea without focusing on details. Which reading sub-skill is being practiced?. a. b) Skimming. b. a) Scanning. c. c) Reading for detail. d. d) Intensive reading.

What is the primary function of flashcards as a learning tool?. a. d) They promote project-based learning. b. b) They act as a deductive teaching strategy. c. c) They facilitate the creation of a detailed mind map. d. a) They serve as a method of spaced repetition.

A teacher notices that adolescents can multitask with technology but struggle with long reading tasks. Which cognitive characteristic is illustrated?. a. c) Divided attention. b. d) Executive function decline. c. b) Formal operational thinking. d. a) Concrete operational thinking.

Which of the following best describes skimming?. a. c) Reading to memorize grammar. b. d) Reading word by word. c. b) Reading quickly for the main idea. d. a) Reading carefully for details.

Which of the following pedagogical practices most effectively promotes learner autonomy?. a. c) Encouraging the memorization of key facts for a solid knowledge base. b. a) Providing students with a detailed and structured study plan. c. d) Establishing fixed deadlines and evaluations to ensure accountability. d. b) Integrating self-assessment and personal goal-setting into the learning process.

Starting a class with a short game or song is an example of what stage?. a. c) Assessment. b. d) Closing. c. b) Production. d. a) Warm-up.

Adding extra tasks for advanced learners and support for struggling ones shows what principle?. a. b) Passive learning. b. d) Uniform teachin. c. a) Differentiation. d. c) Memorization.

A lesson divided into presentation, practice, and production follows which model?. a. b) Grammar-translation. b. a) PPP model. c. d) Productive model. d. c) TPR sequence.

Reviewing vocabulary from the previous class before new content is an example of what?. a. b) Skimming. b. d) Free production. c. a) Recycling. d. c) Silent reading.

Using flashcards, games, and songs in teaching English reflects what principle?. a. b) Teacher-centered instruction. b. d) Passive strategies. c. a) Multi-sensory learning. d. c) Memorization and drills.

What are the two main components of the Natural Approach?. a.b) Acquisition and learning. b. d) Vocabulary and syntax. c. a) Grammar and pronunciation. d. c) Listening and writing.

A student writes a paragraph, then reorganizes sentences, adds new details, and rewrites it before submitting. Which stage of the writing process is being demonstrated?. a. c) Editing. b. a) Pre-writing. c. d) Publishing. d. b) Revising.

A teacher arranges desks in a circle for group discussion. Students collaborate actively. Which classroom management principle is reflected?. a. d) Silent classroom discipline. b. b) Learning environment adaptation. c. c) Teacher-centered instruction. d. a) Traditional lecture-based seating.

Teacher introduces new structures orally first, with repetition in real contexts before writing. Which method is being applied?. a. b) Oral Approach / Situational Language Teaching. b. c) Audiolingual Method. c. d) Communicative Approach. d. a) Grammar-Translation Method.

A primary school English teacher integrates geography content, videos, flashcards, and role plays on nationalities. Which teaching strategy is applied?. a. c) Audiolingualism. a. c) Audiolingualism. c. d) Silent Way. d. b) Topic-based work.

What role does oral language play in critical thinking development according to Vygotsky?. a. It organizes and develops mental processes. b. It distracts students from real thinking. c. It only helps pronunciation. d. It eliminates the need for writing.

A teacher administers a test before a course starts to identify students’ weaknesses in grammar and vocabulary. Which type of assessment is this?. a. Achievement test. b. Short-term assessment. c. Diagnostic test. d. Proficiency test.

A teacher asks students to analyze a controversial news article, question sources, and propose interpretations. Which critical thinking skill is developed? Pregunta 3Respuesta. a. Maintaining an open mind. b. Memorizing details. c. Avoiding discussion. d. Focusing only on grammar.

A teacher notices students demotivated with grammar drills, so she integrates a project where they design a cultural festival in English. Which approach is best reflected?. a. Grammar Translation Method. b. Project-Based Instruction. c. Direct Method. d. Audio-Lingual Method.

Even though teachers cannot change national curriculum objectives, what can they do?. a. Modify CEFR levels. b. Remove curricular threads. c. Promote differentiated instruction. d. Redesign national guidelines.

A CLIL science lesson integrates content, communication, and culture, but the teacher forgets higher-order thinking tasks. Which “C” is missing?. a. Communication. b. Content. c. Cognition. d. Culture.

Which principle of the Natural Approach emphasizes that students should first listen extensively before speaking?. a. Recognition precedes production. b. Memorization ensures fluency. c. Grammar mastery before communication. d. Translation supports learning.

In a multicultural EFL class, students argue due to cultural misunderstandings. The teacher organizes dialogue to resolve it. Which principle is applied?. a. Strict discipline. b. Grammar correction. c. Mediation and conflict resolution. d. Silent observation.

A group of learners participates enthusiastically in role plays and debates, but when they write essays, their texts are disorganized and lack clear structure. What should the teacher do?. a. Focus on grammar drills before writing. b. Integrate guided writing activities with models and clear steps. c. Stop assigning essays to avoid frustration. d. Mainly prepare oral activities, where students show motivation.

In class, the teacher gives commands such as: “Stand up, open your book, touch the desk.” Students respond with actions before producing words. This example corresponds to: a. Grammar-translation. b. Communicative approach. c. Audiolingual method. d. Total Physical Response (TPR).

Some learners remember vocabulary easily with flashcards, while others need to hear and repeat it several times. What is the best teaching decision?. a. Use more visual materials. b. Plan varied activities combining visual, auditory, and interactive strategies. c. Avoid oral repetition because it consumes time. d. Focus on written exercises.

A teacher structures a B1 course around topics only, ignoring vocabulary/grammar. What is the risk?. a. It eliminates the need for assessment. b. It guarantees fast grammar mastery. c. It ensures stronger fluency than accuracy. d. It may neglect vocabulary appropriateness and grammar coverage.

Which strategy best promotes active learning in EFL critical thinking classes?. a. Memorizing textbook definitions b. Encouraging students to ask “why”. b. Encouraging students to ask “why” and “how” questions. c. Teacher lectures exclusively. d. Silent reading without interaction.

What is the purpose of the “Five-Minute Rule” in classroom atmosphere?. a.To create early connections and set a positive tone. b. To correct errors immediately. c. To test students with quizzes. d.To establish silence and control.

A teacher introduces a topic by brainstorming, showing images, and relating it to prior experiences. Which stage of a lesson is being applied?. a. Activation of prior knowledge. b. Controlled practice. c. Production phase. d. Evaluation of outcomes.

Which of the following strategies most strongly develops learner autonomy in university students?. a. Teacher reduces feedback to promote independence. b. Teacher decides all topics and activities. c. Students engage in self-assessment and goal setting. d. Students memorize vocabulary lists only.

Which of the following best describes scaffolding in language learning?. a. Providing structured support that is gradually removed. b. Requiring memorization of grammar charts. c. Assigning independent projects without support. d. Using translation as the main method.

A school states that 8th graders must reach B1, while high-school graduates can finish at A1. According to Ecuador’s curriculum aligned with CEFR, what is correct?. a. A2 for 8th graders; C1 for graduates. b. B2 for 8th graders; A1 for graduates. c. B1 for 8th graders; A1 for graduates. d. A1 for 8th grade; B1 for graduates.

In a school, one teacher designs a linear course (simple to complex), while another designs modules on “Shopping English”, “Emergency English”, etc., independent of each other. Which statement best explains the difference?. a. Modular sequencing is impossible in EFL. b. Linear sequencing only works in advanced levels. c. Both depend on previous lessons. d. Linear depends on prior content; modular units are independent.

A teacher uses peer feedback and reflective journals to help students evaluate their own progress. This practice aligns with which assessment trend?. a. Achievement testing. b. Diagnostic assessment. c. Learning-Oriented Assessment (LOA). d. Summative-only assessment.

Which factor is an internal cause of motivational problems in teachers?. a. Students’ attendance. b. Classroom technology. c. Teachers’ self-perception of linguistic identity. d. Government policies.

Which is a characteristic of kinesthetic learners?. a.They learn best through physical activity. b. They prefer silent reading. c. They rely mainly on abstract theory. d. They focus on grammar charts.

Which psychological foundation underlies the Audiolingual Method?. a. Constructivism. b. Behaviorism. c. Cognitivism. d. Humanism.

In topic-based work, which step ensures the material connects to students’ interests and context?. a. Planning time. b. Assessing. c. Collecting the material. d.Choosing the topic.

A group of teenagers has very little exposure to English outside the classroom. What is the most effective strategy for the teacher?. a. Focus only on written tests for evaluation. b. Create meaningful activities that simulate real-life communication in English. c. Avoid pair or group work to maintain discipline. d. Explain first in Spanish to help them understand.

A 12-year-old enjoys drawing vocabulary instead of writing definitions. Which learning style is being shown?. a. Kinesthetic preference. b. Logical preference. c. Auditory preference. d. Visual preference.

Which of the following best explains why topic-based work is effective in children’s language learning?. a. It requires strict grammar drills. b.It eliminates the need for assessment. c. It emphasizes creativity and links across subjects. d. It relies on vocabulary and memorization.

Some learners remember vocabulary easily with flashcards, while others need to hear and repeat it several times. What is the best teaching decision?. a. Audio-lingual Method. b. Grammar-Translation Method. c. Communicative Language Teaching. d. Direct Method.

What is the main distinction between an approach and a method in EFL?. a. A method is a philosophy, while an approach is a technique. b. An approach is broader, while a method specifies procedures. c. An approach is temporary, while a method is permanent. d. Both terms mean exactly the same.

What is the central idea of learner autonomy?. a. Students take responsibility for their own learning. b. Autonomy means working alone without guidance. c. Students wait passively for instructions. d. Teachers control all decisions.

The teacher introduces new vocabulary by asking students to repeat the words in chorus several times until their pronunciation improves. Which method is being applied?. a. Communicative Language Teaching. b. Silent Way. c. Task-Based Learning. d. Audio-lingual Method.

A teacher notices her students struggle to follow a recorded conversation. She decides to use pre-listening activities where students predict the topic and key vocabulary before listening. Which principle of teaching listening is being applied?. a. Intensive reading. b. Listening as comprehension. c. Memorization drills. d. Listening as acquisition.

While practicing dialogues, a teacher allows students to speak without constant corrections, encouraging them to keep talking even with minor mistakes. Which principle is being emphasized?. a. Grammar-Translation. b. Fluency over accuracy. c. Accuracy over fluency. d. Silent Way.

Which is a characteristic of achievement tests?. a. They do not align with curriculum goals. b. They are based on course content. c. They are always standardized. d. They are applied before a course starts.

Why is data triangulation essential in an EFL action research project?. a. It ensures only teachers’ opinions are considered. b. It minimizes bias by integrating classroom data, learner feedback, and peer observation. c. It focuses exclusively on test scores. d. It replaces qualitative evidence with quantitative results.

In an inclusive English classroom, a teacher provides scaffolds like sentence starters and visual prompts for learners with emerging proficiency. This practice demonstrates: a. Pure memorization techniques. b. Assessment-focused instruction. c. Structural grammar teaching. d. Constructivist and inclusive teaching principles.

A student-teacher records classroom observations and uses them to adjust future lessons. Which concept does this reflect within professional EFL practice?. a. Action research and reflective teaching. b. Summative evaluation. c. Prescriptive lesson planning. d. Isolated teacher supervision.

A future EFL teacher promotes diversity by designing tasks where students share linguistic and cultural experiences through English. What pedagogical approach does this reflect?. a.Inclusive pedagogy valuing linguistic diversity as a resource. b. Behaviorist conditioning of language forms. d. Traditional grammar-translation focused on accuracy.

Ms. Rivera teaches in a rural area with low connectivity. She wonders if she should use only textbooks or design materials with magazines. a. Avoid material design. b. Use online apps. c. Use textbooks. d. Combine authentic materials and textbooks.

What is the main purpose of diagnostic assessment?. a. To compare schools’ performance. b. To measure daily progress. c. To identify weaknesses before or during a course. d. To evaluate final proficiency.

Why is curiosity essential for developing critical thinking in EFL learners?. a. It prevents mistakes. b. It leads to better memorization of grammar rules. c. It encourages learners to actively seek information beyond textbooks. d. It makes learners dependent on teachers.

A teacher trainee insists on using one textbook without modification for every class. From an inclusive pedagogy perspective, what key principle is being overlooked?. a. Standardized planning. b. Teacher-centered management. c. Consistency. d. Flexibility and adaptation to learners’ needs.

Which statement best describes a modular approach to curriculum sequencing?. a. It requires cumulative prior lessons. b. It always follows grammar order. c. It eliminates the need for assessment. d. Each unit is independent and complete in itself.

An EFL teacher introduces multilingual writing journals where students may use both English and their L1. From an inclusion standpoint, this approach: a. Violates assessment standards. b. Reduces language accuracy. c. Weakens English-only immersion. d. Promotes translanguaging as a bridge to conceptual understanding.

In a speaking lesson, learners are given options to perform a role-play, record a podcast, or deliver a presentation. This activity illustrates: a. Multiple means of expression. c. Assessment standardization. b. Direct instruction. d. Behaviorist reinforcement.

A reflective EFL teacher notices that advanced students dominate discussions. Which inclusive strategy aligns with critical pedagogy?. a. Removing strong students from discussions. b. Assigning leadership roles to quieter students to balance power dynamics. c. Ignoring participation differences. d. Conducting grammar drills instead of discussions.

In a post-observation meeting, a mentor asks a practicum student: "How did your decisions influence student participation and motivation?" What is the mentor promoting?. a. Technical evaluation of teaching. b. Reflective inquiry into pedagogical decision-making. c. Administrative compliance. d. Behavioral correction.

An EFL instructor applies transformational leadership in a collaborative research project. What behavior best illustrates this style?. a. Prioritizing evaluation over collaboration. b. Imposing methods without discussion. c. Inspiring colleagues with a shared vision of innovation in English teaching. d. Avoiding classroom experimentation.

What is the most common unit of progression in language courses?. DISCOURSE. CULTURE. PRONUNTIATION. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR.

What is the main role of feedback in evaluation?. a. Punishment. b. Corrective learning guidance. c. Grade justification. d. Memorization tool.

Students work in groups to plan a cultural event in English. They negotiate roles and dates, then present their plan to the class. Which approach is being applied?. a. Communicative Language Teaching. b. Audio-lingual Method. c. Grammar-Translation Method. d. Direct Method.

Two teachers grade the same essay and give very different scores. a. Authenticity. b. Reliability. c. Validity. d. Practicality.

What is the main benefit of annual planning?. a. Reduces workload. b. Aligns curriculum and assessment. c. Focuses on exams. d. Avoids evaluation.

A teacher collects data through interviews and questionnaires. This refers to: a. Observation. b. Standardized testing. c. Peer review. d. Needs analysis techniques.

Which of the following best defines needs analysis?. a. Selecting coursebooks randomly. b. Grammar study only. c. Motivating teachers. d. Identifying learners’ necessities, lacks, and wants.

A pre-service English teacher asks learners for feedback about class activities and uses their comments to redesign lessons. What professional principle does this reflect?. a. Teacher authority and control. b. Reliance on pre-determined syllabi. c. Learner-centered reflection and co-construction of learning. d. Compliance with institutional policy.

Mr. López is an experienced English teacher who loves explaining grammar rules in detail. During his lessons, he uses PowerPoint slides filled with verb conjugation tables and long explanations. However, he notices that most students seem disengaged — some take notes passively, while others lose focus or stop participating altogether. At the end of the class, when he asks questions, only a few students respond, and the majority show little understanding of how to apply the grammar in real communication. Mr. López realizes that his students are not connecting theory with practical language use. What should he do to make his classes more engaging and effective for his students?. a. Provide longer explanations of grammar rules to ensure comprehension. b. Incorporate visual and audio-visual aids such as videos, flashcards, and short role-plays to illustrate grammar in context. c. Assign more grammar exercises for homework. d. Remove grammar activities and focus only on vocabulary.

While practicing dialogues, a teacher allows students to speak without constant corrections, encouraging them to keep talking even with minor mistakes. Which principle is being emphasized?. a. Silent Way. b. Accuracy over fluency. c. Fluency over accuracy. d. Grammar-Translation.

An English program at a local technical institute focuses primarily on grammar drills and written exercises. Throughout the course, students complete worksheets, memorize verb forms, and pass grammar quizzes successfully. However, when they are asked to perform simple real-life tasks—such as ordering food in a restaurant, asking for directions, or greeting a foreign visitor—they struggle to express themselves fluently and confidently. Teachers notice that, although students understand the rules of grammar, they cannot transfer that knowledge into authentic communicative situations. This situation concerns the academic coordinator, who realizes that the curriculum may not be addressing the actual communicative needs of the learners. Which category of needs does this situation illustrate?. a. Motivation. b. Lack. c. Necessity. d. Want.

A teacher asks students to submit reflective journals about their language learning. a. Norm-referenced test. b. Summative testing. c. Alternative assessment. nt d. Standardized exam.

Which of the following represents authentic assessment?. a. Multiple-choice quizzes. b. Writing and presenting a real-world task. c. Memorization. d. Grammar worksheet.

A 12-year-old enjoys drawing vocabulary instead of writing definitions. Which learning style is being shown?. a. Logical preference. b.Visual preference. c. Auditory preference. d. Kinesthetic preference.

Which of the following is one of the five curricular threads in the Ecuadorian EFL curriculum?. a. Oral Communication. b. Participation. c. Use of English. d. Art Appreciation.

An EFL teacher reflects: "My classroom management is effective, but weaker students remain silent during communicative tasks." Which professional skill should the teacher develop to address this issue?. a. Punitive discipline for inactive students. b. Critical reflection and differentiated instruction. c. More grammar translation exercises. d. Elimination of group work.

A teacher uses peer feedback and reflective journals to help students evaluate their own progress. This practice aligns with which assessment trend? Why should future English teachers engage in action research during practicum?. a. To replicate teaching models without questioning them. b. To investigate their own practices and develop evidence-based strategies. c. To compare student grades across institutions. d. To prepare administrative reports for supervisors.

What is triangulation in evaluation?. a. Using multiple evidence sources for reliability. b. Testing grammar. c. Ignoring feedback. d. Using one exam repeatedly.

During an oral communication course, Ms. Torres assigns her students a final presentation in which they must describe a cultural festival from their country. To ensure fairness and clarity in grading, she designs a detailed rubric divided into several criteria: pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, grammar accuracy, and interaction with the audience. Each category includes clear descriptors and a specific point range. During the presentations, Ms. Torres listens carefully and assigns a score for each aspect rather than giving one overall grade. Afterward, students receive their rubrics with written comments explaining their strengths and areas for improvement. Many students express that this method helped them understand precisely what they did well and what they need to work on for future presentations. What type of rubric is Ms. Torres applying?. a. Norm-referenced rubric. b. Analytic rubric. c. Holistic rubric. d. Diagnostic rubric.

A future English teacher creates a peer mentoring system where advanced learners support beginners. This reflects: a. Competitive individual learning. b. Teacher-centered management. c. Collaborative and inclusive classroom leadership. d. Segregation by proficiency.

What should be prioritized in oral tests to encourage communicative performance?. a. Memorization of dialogues. b. Fluency. c. Pronunciation drills. d. Grammar accuracy.

During the first week of classes, Ms. Herrera decides to conduct short interviews with her students to learn more about their interests and motivations for learning English. As she talks with them, she discovers that many students already have clear personal goals. For example, some want to improve their English to understand their favorite songs and movies without subtitles; others mention they would like to travel or communicate with international friends on social media. A smaller group says they need English mainly for academic or professional purposes. After gathering this information, Ms. Herrera reflects on how different students’ reasons for learning may influence her lesson planning and the type of materials she should use in class. What kind of need does this situation illustrate according to the process of needs analysis?. a.Wants. b. Lacks. c. Objective needs. d. Necessities.

A student named Daniel takes a standardized English proficiency test designed for an international audience. Although he has a solid command of grammar and vocabulary, he struggles to understand several reading passages that refer to unfamiliar holidays, idiomatic expressions, and culturally specific topics that do not exist in his local context. As a result, Daniel receives a much lower score than expected, not because of a lack of linguistic ability, but due to the cultural assumptions embedded in the test. His teacher realizes that the exam does not accurately reflect the student’s communicative competence or real-world language performance. Which type of assessment could reduce this kind of cultural bias and provide a more accurate representation of Daniel’s abilities?. . More multiple-choice tests. b. Alternative tasks with real-life focus. c. Online quizzes only. d. Longer grammar exams.

During practicum, a student-teacher modifies listening activities to include transcripts, visuals, and gestures for learners with different comprehension levels. Which UDL principle guides this adaptation?. a. Multiple means of expression. b. Learner autonomy. c. Multiple means of engagement. d. Multiple means of representation.

During grading, a teacher gives very different scores to the same essay at two different times. Which quality of assessment is lacking?. a. Authenticity. b. Objectivity. c. Validity. d. Reliability.

Which is a method of nontraditional assessment?. a. Multiple-choice exams. b. Standardized testing. c. End-of-term exams. d. Dialogue journals and portfolios.

What is the role of technology in language assessment?. a. To make tests shorter. b. To support assessment but not substitute teacher judgment. c. To avoid interaction. d. To replace teachers completely.

A teacher introduces computer-based oral tests using speech recognition software. Students receive immediate feedback on pronunciation. What advantage does this technology provide?. a. Avoids authentic interaction. b. Simplifies grammar evaluation. c. Removes teacher responsibility. d. Provides immediate feedback on speech.

Mr. López is designing a reading activity. He wants students to practice vocabulary, but also to think critically about the text. Which material design principle should he prioritize?. a. Materials should be visually appealing. b. Grammar forms should be the sole focus of materials. c. Materials should focus on vocabulary drills. d. Materials should be thought-provoking and stimulate interaction.

Students in a business English course are asked to create and present a marketing pitch for a real product instead of taking a grammar test. Which type of assessment is being used?. a. Traditional assessment. b. Diagnostic testing. c. Authentic assessment. d. Standardized multiple-choice test.

What are the two main functions of teacher appraisal?. a. Formative and summative. b. Diagnostic and standardized. c. Driven and competitive. d. Individual and collective.

Ms. Rivera is teaching a group of A1 students in a rural area where internet access is very limited. She wonders if she should create her own materials using magazines and newspapers, or if she should stick only to textbooks. What is the most effective approach for her situation?. a. Rely on online resources, as they are more modern. b. Combine authentic materials such as newspapers with the textbook to adapt to her students’ needs. c. Use the textbook because it gives structure and guarantees standard content. d. Avoid designing her own materials because it takes too much time.

A teacher uses only PowerPoint slides and lectures to explain grammar rules. Students look bored and participation is minimal. Which type of teaching aid would best improve engagement?. a. Giving students extra homework exercises from the textbook. b. More PowerPoint slides with grammar rules. c. Visual and audio-visual aids such as flashcards, videos, and role-plays. d. Asking students to memorize grammar tables silently.

An English program for immigrant workers found that students could complete grammar exercises but could not order food in a restaurant. Which category of needs does this situation illustrate?. a. Subjective needs. b. Necessities. c. Lacks. d. Wants.

Which of the following describes objective needs?. a. Learners’ motivation in class. b. Students’ personal wishes. c. Emotional expectations of learners. d. Factual information such as age, profession, and proficiency level.

What do learning materials provide to students?. a. Student learning support and lesson structure. b. Extra work at home. c. A replacement for the teacher. d. Entertainment and fun.

A teacher evaluates students only with a multiple-choice exam at the end of the term. Students feel it does not reflect what they can really do in English. What type of assessment could better represent their abilities?. a. More multiple-choice items. b. Shorter final exams. c. Alternative assessment using portfolios and journals. d. Standardized grammar test.

Which of the following best defines alternative assessment?. a. Traditional written tests applied once a year. b. Exams that measure grammar accuracy. c. Standardized test with multiple-choice items. d.VInformal, ongoing assessment focusing on real-life tasks.

Which of the following is considered a visual aid?. a. Radio. b. Podcast. c. Flashcards. d. Cassette.

Which of the following defines triangulation in assessment?. a. Gathering data from multiple sources to ensure reliability. b. Ignoring qualitative evidence. c. Grading the same test three times. d. Using one type of exam.

A teacher interviews her students. Some of them say they want to learn English mainly to understand movies and songs. This is an example of: a. Wants. b. Lacks. c. Necessities. d. Objective needs.

Why is triangulation fundamental in educational action research?. a. It simplifies interpretation by using one data source. b. It prioritizes teacher perception alone. c. It ensures validity by using multiple sources such as observation, surveys, and performance data. d. It replaces qualitative inquiry with statistics.

A mentor guides pre-service teacher to reflect not only on “what went wrong” but on “why it happened.” This process deepens: a. Critical reflection leading to transformation. b. Administrative evaluation. c. Descriptive reflection. d. Technical compliance.

A teacher researcher discovers that students often misunderstand task instructions. What should her next step be in the action research process?. a. Continue using the same instructions for consistency. b. Redesign tasks with clearer scaffolds and test their effectiveness. c. Ignore the issue since comprehension will improve naturally. d. Ask another teacher to handle the explanation.

An EFL teacher designs an assessment checklist together with students. What key principle does this illustrate?. a. Shared ownership and participatory evaluation. b. Dependence on external validation. c. Reduction of teacher authority. d. Simplification of learning objectives.

A teacher identifies that some learners struggle with oral presentations due to anxiety. To address this, she includes voice recordings as an alternative assessment format. Her decision demonstrates: a. Reduction of academic rigor. b. Application of UDL for emotional engagement and accessibility. c. Removal of oral communication goals. d. Standardized assessment criteria.

During classroom observation, a student-teacher realizes that group activities often favor extroverted learners while quiet students remain passive. Which reflective action best promotes inclusion?. a. Using the same group structure throughout the semester. b. Assigning extra grammar homework to quiet learners. c. Designing collaborative tasks with rotating roles and responsibilities. d. Encouraging only voluntary participation to avoid anxiety.

Why is self-assessment considered essential in developing reflective English teachers?. a. It focuses only on emotional responses to teaching. b. It provides statistical data for institutional reports. c. It encourages critical examination of pedagogical choices and learning outcomes. d. It replaces formal evaluation by supervisors.

An EFL instructor includes visual aids, subtitles, and interactive vocabulary games for a listening unit. Which UDL principle is most clearly applied?. a. Multiple means of representation. b. Standardization of materials. c. Multiple means of engagement. d. Multiple means of expression.

A student-teacher encourages learners to analyze how social media language influences identity and communication. This activity mainly develops: a. Critical language awareness. b. Phonological competence. c. Memorization of idiomatic expressions. d. Structural accuracy.

During peer observation, a teacher receives constructive comments and uses them to redesign her communicative activities. This experience represents: a. Reflective practice integrated with collegial feedback. b. A disciplinary process. c. A corrective administrative procedure. d. A standard exam moderation.

A reflective teacher uses peer feedback data to adjust her speaking rubric, emphasizing fluency and interaction instead of grammatical perfection. This illustrates: a. Teacher intuition without evidence. b. Action research applied to classroom assessment. c. Mechanical error correction. d. Traditional summative grading.

In an inclusive English classroom, students use collaborative digital tools to create bilingual stories reflecting their cultural identities. This task promotes: a. Translanguaging as a creative pedagogical resource. b. Elimination of first-language influence. c. Segregation by proficiency level. d. Strict English-only immersion.

After a reading lesson, students create a visual infographic summarizing main ideas instead of a written test. This form of evaluation reflects: a. Alternative assessment promoting multimodal expression. b. Strict summative evaluation. c. Traditional accuracy testing. d. Norm-referenced grading.

A reflective teacher shares her classroom data with peers to co-analyze student progress. This collaboration fosters: a. Rigid adherence to prescribed syllabi. b. Teacher isolation and competition. c. Institutional dependency. d. Professional learning communities grounded in research and inquiry.