Weather 2

Which feature is associated with the tropopause?. Constant height above the Earth. Abrupt change in temperature lapse rate. Absolute upper limit of cloud formation.

GIVEN: Winds at 3,000 feet AGL 30 kts Surface winds Calm While on approach for landing under clear skies with convective turbulence a few hours after sunrise, one should. increase approach airspeed slightly above normal to avoid stalling. keep the approach airspeed at or slightly below normal to compensate for floating. not alter the approach airspeed, these conditions are nearly ideal.

What determines the structure or type of clouds which will form as a result of air being forced to ascend?. The method by which the air is lifted. The stability of the air before lifting occurs. The relative humidity of the air after lifting occurs.

During the winter months in the middle latitudes, the jet stream shifts toward the. north and speed decreases. south and speed increases. north and speed increases.

The formation of either predominantly stratiform or predominantly cumuliform clouds is dependent upon the. source of lift. stability of the air being lifted. temperature of the air being lifted.

Which is a characteristic typical of a stable air mass?. Cumuliform clouds. Showery precipitation. Continuous precipitation.

When an air mass is stable, which of these conditions are most likely to exist?. Numerous towering cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds. Moderate to severe turbulence at the lower levels. Smoke, dust, haze, etc., concentrated at the lower levels with resulting poor visibility.

The conditions necessary for the formation of stratiform clouds are a lifting action and. unstable, dry air. stable, moist air. unstable, moist air.

When flying low over hilly terrain, ridges, or mountain ranges, the greatest potential danger from turbulent air currents will usually be encountered on the. leeward side when flying with a tailwind. leeward side when flying into the wind. windward side when flying into the wind.

Which combination of weather-producing variables would likely result in cumuliform-type clouds, good visibility, and showery rain?. Stable, moist air and orographic lifting. Unstable, moist air and orographic lifting. Unstable, moist aire and no lifting mechanism.

Which cloud types would indicate convective turbulence?. Cirrus clouds. Nimbostratus clouds. Towering cumulus clouds.

Every physical process of weather is accompanied by or is the result of. a heat exchange. the movement of air. a pressure differential.

Ice pellets encountered during flight are normally evidence that. a cold front has passed. there are thunderstorms in the area. freezing rain exists at higher altitudes.

If airborne radar is indicating an extremely intense thunderstorm echo, this thunderstorm should be avoided by a distance of at least. 20 miles. 10 miles. 5 miles.

Advection fog has drifted over a coastal airport during the day. What may tend to dissipate or lift this fog into low stratus clouds?. Nighttime cooling. Surface radiation. Wind 15 knots or stronger.

The most severe weather conditions, such as destructive winds, heavy hail, and tornadoes, are generally associated with. slow-moving warm fronts which slope above the temperature. squall lines. fast-moving occluded fronts.

Of the following, which is accurate regarding turbulence associated with thunderstorms?. Outside the cloud, shear turbulence can be encountered 50 miles laterally from a sever storm. Shear turbulence is encountered only inside cumulonimbus clouds or within a 5-mile radius of them. Outside the cloud, shear turbulence can be encountered 20 miles laterally from a severe storm.

Fog produced by frontal activity is a result of saturation due to. nocturnal cooling. adiabatic cooling. evaporation of precipitation.

A strong wind shear can be expected. in the jetstream front above a core having a speed of 60 to 90 knots. if the 5°C isotherms are space between 7° to 10° of latitude. on the low-pressure side of a jetstream core where the speed at the core is stronger than 110 knots.

During the life cycle of a thunderstorm, which stage is characterized predominately by downdrafts?. Mature. Developing. Dissipating.

Which in-flight hazard is most commonly associated with warm fronts?. Advection fog. Radiation fog. Precipitation induced fog.

A moist, unstable air mass is characterized by. poor visibility and smooth air. cumuliform clouds and showery precipitation. stratiform clouds and continuous precipitation.

in the Northern Hemisphere, the wind id deflected to the. right by Coriolis force. right by surface radiation. left by Coriolis force.

Which are characteristics of a cold air mass moving over a warm surface?. Cumuliform clouds, turbulence, and poor visibility. Cumuliform clouds, turbulence, and good visibility. Stratiform clouds, smooth air, and poor visibility.

Which is true regarding the use of airborne weather-avoidance radar for the recognition of certain weather conditions?. The radarscope provides no assurance of avoiding instrument weather conditions. The avoidance of hail is assured when flying between and just clear of the most intense echoes. The clear are between intense echoes indicates that visual sighting of storms can be maintained when flying between the echoes.

In what days do advection fog, radiation fog, and steam fog differ in their formation or location?. Radiation fog is restricted to land areas; advection fog is most common along coastal areas; steam fog forms over a water surface. Advection fog depends as windspeed increases up to 20 knots; steam fog required calm or very light wind; radiation fog forms when the ground or water cools the air by radiation. Steam fog forms from moist air moving over a colder surface; advection fog requires cold air over a warmer surface; radiation fog is produced by radiational cooling of the ground.

Hazardous wind shear is commonly encountered. near warm or stationary frontal activity. when the wind velocity is stronger than 35 knos. in areas of temperature inversion and near thunderstorms.

Which conditions are favorable for the formation of a surface base temperature inversion?. Clear, cool nights with calm or light wind. Area of unstable air rapidly transferring heat from the surface. Broad areas of cumulus clouds with smooth, level bases at the same altitude.

During an approach, the most important and most easily recognized means of being alerted to possible wind shear is monitoring the. amount of trim required to relieve control pressure. heading changes necessary to remain on the runway centerline. power and vertical velocity required to remain on the proper glidepath.

Convective currents are most active on warm summer afternoons when winds are. light. moderate. strong.

While flying cross-country, in the Northern Hemisphere, you experience a continuous left crosswind which is associated with a major wind system. This indicates that you. are flying toward an area of generally unfavorable weather conditions. have flown from an area of unfavorable weather conditions. cannot determine weather conditions without knowing pressure changes.

Which weather phenomenon signals the beginning of the mature stage of a thunderstorm?. The start of rain. The appearance of an anvil top. Growth rate of cloud is maximum.

What is indicated if ice pellets are encountered at 8,000 feet?. Freezing rain at higher altitude. You are approaching an area of thunderstorms. You will encounter hail if you continue your flight.

What minimum distance should exist between intense radar echoes before any attempt is made to fly between these thunderstorms?. 20 miles. 30 miles. 40 miles.

Low-level wind shear may occur when. surface winds are light and variable. there is a low-level temperature inversion with strong winds above the inversion. surface winds are above 15 knots and there is no charge in wind direction and windspeed with height.

From which measurement of the atmosphere can stability be determined?. Atmospheric pressure. The ambient lapse rate. The dry adiabatic lapse rate.

What prevents air from flowing directly from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas?. Coriolis force. Surface friction. Pressure gradient force.

What type weather can one expect from moist, unstable air, and very warm surface temperature?. Fog and low stratus clouds. Continuous heavy precipitation. Strong updrafts and cumulonimbus clouds.

Why does the wind have a tendency to flow parallel to the isobars above the friction level?. Coriolis force tends to counterbalance the horizontal pressure gradient. Coriolis force acts perpendicular to a line connecting the highs and lows. Friction of the air with the Earth deflects the air perpendicular to the pressure gradient.

Which is true regarding high- or low-pressure systems?. A high-pressure area or ridge is an area of rising air. A low-pressure area or trough is an area of rising air. Both high- and low-pressure areas are characterized by descending air.

If a temperature inversion is encountered immediately after takeoff or during an approach to a landing, a potential hazard exists due to. wind shear. strong surface winds. strong convective currents.

Which is a characteristic of stable air?. Cumuliform clouds. Excellent visibility. Restricted visibility.

Density altitude is the vertical distance above mean sea level in the standard atmosphere at which. pressure altitude is corrected for standard temperature. a given atmospheric density is to be found. temperature, pressure, altitude, and humidity are considered.

Frost covering the upper surface of an airplane wing usually will cause. the airplane to stall at an angle of attack that is higher than normal. the airplane to stall an angle of attack is lower than normal. drag factors so large that sufficient speed cannot be obtained for takeoff.

What are the characteristics of an unstable atmosphere?. A cool, dry air mass. A warm, humid air mass. Descending air in the northern hemisphere.